基于二元多项式拟合法的压力传感器输入信号重构

为了同时解决压力传感器输出特性的非线性和温度漂移问题,提出利用二元多项式根据传感器输出信号及其内部温度来重构被测压力.给出了被测压力重构模型的具体形式,以传感器静态特性标定试验数据为依据,利用最小二乘法求解模型系数矩阵,利用单点最大拟合误差、误差平方和模型阶次三项指标进行模型择优.基于重构模型给出了测量电路检测精度估算方法.本方法在传感器静态特性标定数据范围内得到了便于工程计算的一致表达式,同时解决了传感器的非线性和温度漂移两个主要问题,计算所用数据量大大小于插值法.某型硅谐振压力传感器的应用验证了本方法的合理性和有效性.     

一体化气压测试系统的设计

采用硅压阻式绝压型压力传感器SM5420、精密传感信号调理器MAX1452和微处理器C8051F410,共同构成一体化气压测试系统。利用串口通信模块将被测气压值一路通过LCD液晶显示屏显示,另一路通过RS232通信接口发送给上位机。实现了被测气压实时准确读取和分析处理的功能。通过标准压力泵对其进行静态标定得出其静态特性指标。该系统具有:体积小、频率响应高、精度高、灵敏高等优点。     

基于PCI8602的压力传感器测试系统设计

为了便于压力传感器生产商对产品质量进行检测,设计了一种压力传感器性能测试系统,该系统由工业计算机、数据采集卡、标准压力变送器、信号处理电路以及多通道被测传感器组成,系统测试时使用工业计算机端VB应用程序控制整个测试过程;通过将4~20 mA标准压力变送器和被测多通道压力传感器置于同一被测环境,由VB应用程序实时采集两者的输出值并进行计算,软件通过分析处理可判断被测传感器性能好坏;测试系统可借助VB语言灵活地调整软件功能及测试界面,广泛应用于企业压力传感器的实验室检测;实际应用表明,该系统可节省人工,降低工人劳动强度,提高检测质量。     

低压气体流量标定技术研究

热式质量流量传感器用于测量35～41 kPa(绝压)的气体流量,需在该工况下对其进行标定.采用文丘里喷嘴作为标准器,在被测流量传感器处构建调压系统,调节压力可至40±0.1 kPa(绝压),建立低压气体流量标准装置,通过比较流量传感器输出值与文丘里喷嘴标准流量,标定流量传感器.对常压下校准的喷嘴在35～41kPa(绝压)条件下是可以作为标准器进行了分析,试验证明:装置的稳定性为0.6%,重复性为0.13%,临界背压比为0.5,低压气体流量标定方法科学可行.     

MEMS气体流量传感器的简易流量测试装置

为了完成所研制的MEMS气体流量传感器样品的流量测试与标定,设计制作了一种由标准流量发生器和传感器信号读出与数据采集电路组成的简易流量测试装置。标准流量发生器由注射器和可更换的砝码组成,利用不同的砝码配重,在注射器出气口产生合适的恒定气体流速。通过理论分析和Ansys有限元数值仿真,验证了简易标准流量发生器的可行性。传感器信号读出与数据采集电路基于内建多路A/D转换器的单片机实现,具有传感器加热电阻器的恒温控制、流量信号的数字检测和显示的功能。采用该简易流量测试装置对自行研制的MEMS气体流量传感器进行了流量测试与标定,获得了待测器件的标定参数、传感器流量测量的绝对误差和相对误差。     

绝缘纸扳微水分介电测量压力试验及电路分析

变压器绝缘纸板微水分介电测量系统中,电容式传感器电极与被测绝缘纸板的接触状态及接触压力会影响测量结果.针对这个问题,以绝缘纸板为被测对象,用平板式电容传感器测量压力对其介电参数的影响.并利用ANSYS软件对施压前后的电路变化进行分析,得出了压力对介电响应测量结果的影响.     

新型角加速度测量系统及其在旋转机械中的应用

设计了一种新型角加速度测量系统,包括机械测量平台及信号处理模块.其中机械测量平台包括底座、磁粉制动器与控制器、被测旋转机械、可升降支架、角加速度传感器和三维滑台;信号处理模块包括无线发射电路、无线接收电路、信号采集电路和上位机可视化联机软件.通过调节机械测量平台中的升降支架和三维滑台,可以实现被测旋转机械与传感器的高度同心,通过信号处理模块够将角加速度信息通过无线的方式发送至上位机软件,处理后可以实时的显示角加速度值.最后将研制的角加速度测量系统用于实际旋转机械的运行状态测试,验证了系统的可靠性.     

基于虚拟仪器的多维力传感器静态标定系统研究

对多维力传感器静态标定原理进行了研究,设计了由数据采集系统和静态性能分析系统组成的多维力传感器静态标定系统.在标定装置上分别对多维力传感器施加载荷,实时显示加载力信息,对输出数据采集并存储.数据采集系统同步实时采集传感器各维输出,避免了传统数据采集的测量误差.数字滤波和传感器性能分析模块实现了实时在线监测多维力传感器多项静态指标和对标定矩阵的高精度标定.通过实验测试,该标定系统达到了预期的性能指标,对多维力传感器性能标准的统一具有现实意义.     

基于DE优化BP的压阻式压力传感器的温度补偿研究

压阻式压力传感器存在温度漂移的问题,因此需要对该传感器进行温度补偿。为此,首先从标定实验中获取被测压力值、压阻式压力传感器的输出电压值以及环境温度值、温度传感器的输出电压值,然后用差分进化算法（DE）优化的BP神经网络算法从该标定数据中得到补偿后的数据。实验结果表明,所提出的温度补偿方法对压阻式压力传感器进行温度补偿后,其灵敏度温度系数提高了一个数量级,相对误差也得到很大的改善,因而其具有显著的理论意义和应用价值。     

压阻式压力传感器的在线综合补偿

利用曲面拟合法来建立被测目标参量与传感器输出量之间的对应关系,借助二维标定/校准实验,按最小二乘法原理由实验标定/校准数据计算出均方误差最小时的回归方程中的系数。这样,当测得了传感器的输出值时,就可由已知系数的多维回归方程来计算相应的输入被测目标参数。该算法应用于压阻式压力传感器,在进行温度补偿的同时也进行了非线性校正,使传感器的读数准确度达到0.05%,同时利用传感器自身的RS232接口对其进行在线补偿和校正。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

基于AD9626的模拟信号采集存储卡设计

自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

A human-computer interface for non-computer specialists

The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users.