加水量和压延比对面带压延黏附特性的影响

选用35％～65％加水量和10％～55％压延比2组工艺参数,采用自制黏附测试平台研究面带黏附能力,同时采用核磁共振技术(LF-NMR)分析35％～55％加水量对面团内水分迁移规律的影响,并使用面筋网络分析法研究55％加水量的面团在25％～55％不同压延比下的面筋网络变化.结果表明,加水量在35％～45％时,面带黏附能力...     

响应面分析压面工艺对面团拉伸特性的影响

该文通过响应面分析,研究了压面次数、辊隙宽度、折叠角度、戗面量对面团拉伸特性的影响。试验结果表明,压延次数与折叠角度间的交互作用对拉伸应力以及拉伸距离有显著影响。依据回归分析法建立的拉伸特性预测模型具有较高的的预测精度,可以用于压面工艺参数控制和面团拉伸特性参数的预测,所得最佳工艺条件为：压延次数为30次,辊隙宽度为17 mm,折叠方式为0°,戗面量为0.5%时为最佳压延条件,此时面团的应力为64.78 g,拉伸距离为28.94 mm。     

超声波控制全自动面带熟化压延设备的设计与实验

利用超声波传感器测距、PLC及变频器控制面带与面辊速度,波纹辊、行星辊与光辊的组合对面带进行熟化压延,压延的同时将面带折叠静置熟化,从而实现压延、折叠静置、压延、再折叠静置、再压延的过程,使低含水量面制品的面筋网络形成更充分,面制品口感筋道、滑爽、绵软有弹性。     

压延对面团纵横向拉伸应力特性的影响

本文对面团经压延后产生的纵横向应力的差异现象进行了研究,面团纵向抗拉应力明显大于横向抗拉应力.同时提出了影响压延后面团纵横向应力的差异的因素,初步研究了加水量、熟化时间、压延道数和静置时间对面团纵横向应力影响,为进一步研究面团流变学提供了新的依据.     

方便面生产工艺及基本理论(五)

4．2．5面团调制的工艺条件与面条质量的关系：面团调制时应当掌握的工艺参数有：加水量、面团温度、辅料的类别和数量，调粉机的型式等．这些工艺因素对面团的形成和产品质量均有密切的关系。①加水量：面团中适宜的加水量常随各种条件的变化而增减，不能作为一个常数，一成不变．应根据操作情况、机械耐力、面团软硬程度、并结合成品的质量状况进行调节．调粉完毕后，加水量过低的面团会显得十分松散，不能形成较大的团块结构、粘性差，将会造成压片的困难，面带经辊轧后表面仍然比较粗糙，面片结合力差，甚至在辊轧和切面成型时发生断裂…     

响应面分析压延工艺对面团的吹泡特性的影响

利用响应面分析法,研究了在馒头生产过程中压延工艺对面团吹泡特性的影响。实验结果表明:面团在气体吹胀过程中,可承受的最大压力P受折叠角度、干面粉加入量的影响显著;面团吹胀延伸性L受压延次数、折叠角度的影响显著;面团的整体强度W受辊隙宽度、折叠角度、干面粉加入量影响显著,其中压延次数与干面粉加入量、辊隙宽度与折叠角度间有交互作用。     

添加剂对面团纵横向拉伸应力影响的研究

初步研究了氯化钠、碱、磷酸盐、瓜儿胶、谷朊粉和乳化剂等各种添加剂在压延时对面团纵横向拉伸特性的影响。结果表明,不同添加剂对面团纵横向拉伸特性的影响不同,同时还从侧面证明了压延的方向性对面带中面筋网络形成有影响。     

酥皮食品生产中的面带压延流程

本文介绍的是酥皮食品生产中面带压延的方法和流程,开始进入压延操作时,面带的厚度为20毫米,首先由一道小直径单辊将面带厚度减至16毫米,再由一道双辊压延机构将厚度减至10毫米,然后便开始进行面带叠层操作。有两种叠层机构可被使用,一种是连续式叠层机构,另一种是“叠书本”式叠层机构,与下面将要介绍的叠层机构相比,这两种叠层     

压延工艺对成品馒头质构特性的影响

利用响应面分析法,研究了在馒头生产过程中压延工艺对馒头质构特性的影响。实验结果表明:馒头的TPA质构特性指标中,弹性受压延次数、折叠角度的影响非常显著,压延次数与辊隙宽度有交互作用;粘性受辊隙宽度、折叠角度影响非常显著,受戗面量影响显著;咀嚼性受4个因素的影响均显著。     

食品(面团)体系表面胶粘性的流变学机理及其表征

食品（面团）体系表面胶粘性的机理与表征一直是谷物化学和谷物生物技术领域备受关注的前沿科学问题。作者综述了面团体系表面胶粘性的流变学机理和相应的表征方法及影响因素，着重介绍了关于面团表面胶粘性的剥离能理论、压力敏感型胶粘荆（PSA）理论和Hoseney理论，并讨论了其相应的表征方法，包括剥离法、动力机械流变法、表面张力法和探头法。     

Rheological properties of rice pasta dough supplemented with proteins and gums

Rheological properties of rice pasta dough were studied by creep-recovery tests for various formulations containing guar gum (0.5%), casein (1%), and egg white (1%) mixtures. Non-gelatinized rice semolina (RS) was also mixed with gelatinized RS in different ratios (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) for each formulation. The effects of gelatinization, gum and proteins on pasta dough rheology were determined by a control stress rheometer (Haake Rheostress 1). From the creep-recovery data it was obvious that as the amount of gelatinized fraction increased there was an increase in the elasticity of the samples. However, the samples that were produced with 75 and 100% gelatinized RS in the formulation were not smooth in texture, but lumpy. From the creep-recovery and dynamic oscillation measurements it was found that guar gum and protein mixture can be used as a stabilizer together with 50% pre-gelatinized rice semolina. This will result in an improvement in dough properties during gluten free pasta processing from rice.     

The effect of temperature on dough viscosity,and its consequence for the control of dough temperature

In bakeries, it is important that successive batches of dough (‘doughs’) for the same product have the same temperature. Dough temperature can be controlled by adjusting the temperature of the water to be used. An automatic calculator for the required water temperature was designed on the basis of the assumption that the final dough temperature is a linear function of flour, water and bakery temperatures.This paper describes a physical model which predicts the values of the coefficients and of the constant term in this linear relationship. The decrease in dough viscosity with increasing temperature is an essential part of the model.It is argued that this effect of temperature on dough viscosity reduces the effects of flour and water temperatures on the final dough temperature. Heat transfer between the dough and the air in the bakery also reduces their effects, but is, under normal mixing conditions, less important than the effect of temperature on dough viscosity; only with small doughs and with slow and long mixing is it more important.     

冷冻面团馒头研究进展

冷冻面团是通过速冻、冷藏方式对面团进行贮藏、运输处理的一种面团,这种冷冻面团推动了我国馒头、包子等中式面食制品快速发展,具有一定的发展潜力。本文介绍了冷冻面团馒头的生产工艺,总结了冷冻面团馒头品质的影响因素,探讨了目前我国改良剂对冷冻面团品质的改良效果,为提高冷冻面团馒头品质提供参考依据。     

Adhesion of Bread Dough to Solid Surfaces Under Controlled Heating: Balance Between the Rheological and Interfacial Properties of Dough

The adhesion of wheat dough affects many aspects of industrial baking, from kneading raw dough to the final baking process. In this work, an original method was developed to study the effect of temperature on the adhesive properties of bread dough in contact with a solid surface during heating. Using this approach, it will be possible to understand the factors that affect adhesion between dough and a baking surface, which will aid in developing methods to prevent dough from sticking. Overall, the dough's adhesion to a hydrophobic surface globally decreased with an increase in temperature from 35 to 97 °C, with the exception of the temperature range between 55 and 70 °C, in which the energy of adhesion increased slightly. Under these circumstances, the evolution of adhesion was primarily shaped by the rheological properties of the dough. However, when we used a solid surface with different surface energy, the results changed significantly, which suggests that the mechanisms of adhesion during heating are governed by a balance between the interfacial and bulk properties of the heated dough. The overall decrease in the adhesion of the dough to the hydrophobic glass surface may be explained by a decrease in dough hydrophobicity due to structural and chemical changes in the dough.     

影响煮熟后面条表面硬度的因素

煮熟后面条的表面硬度是指施加于熟面条表面上的压力。影响煮熟后面条表面硬度的因素有面筋形成程度、烹煮时间、烹煮用水、面团在轧成片前的熟化时间、面片厚度减小速率等     

Role of gluten and its components in influencing durum wheat dough properties and spaghetti cooking quality

Protein is an important component of grain which affects the technological properties of durum wheat. It is known that the amount and composition of protein can influence dough rheology and pasta quality but the influence of the major classes of protein is not well documented. The influence of the various gluten components on dough and pasta properties was investigated. The protein composition of durum semolina was altered by either adding gluten fractions to a base semolina or preparing reconstituted flours with varying protein composition. The effects on semolina dough rheology and spaghetti texture were measured. Published methods to isolate relatively pure quantities (gram amounts) of glutenin, gliadin, high molecular and low molecular weight glutenin subunits were evaluated and modified procedures were adopted. Reconstituted flours with additional glutenin increased dough strength while additional gliadin and LMW‐GS decreased strength. These changes did not impact on spaghetti texture. Results from using the addition of protein fractions to a base semolina showed that gluten and glutenin addition increased the dough strength of a weak base semolina while gliadin addition weakened the base dough further. Addition of HMW‐GS greatly increased dough strength of the base while addition of LMW‐GS greatly reduced dough strength. Again, these affects were not translated into firmer pasta. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

Influence of surfactants on rheological characteristics of dough and quality of parotta

The effect of the surfactants glycerol monostearate (GMS), lecithin, diacetyl tartaric acid esters of monoglycerides (DATEM), polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (PS‐60) and sodium stearoyl‐2‐lactylate (SSL) on the rheological characteristics of dough and quality of parotta was studied. Use of the surfactants increased stability as measured by the farinograph, valorimeter value, extensograph ratio figure and extensograph area, indicating an increase in the strength of the dough. Surfactants reduced the mixograph peak height, mixograph area, apparent biaxial extensional viscosity, compressive stress, force decay parameter, hardness and adhesiveness, and increased the cohesiveness of dough. The values for peak viscosity increased with DATEM, PS‐60 and SSL and decreased with GMS and lecithin. Among the surfactants tested, SSL and PS‐60 brought about the greatest improvement in the quality of parotta, followed in decreasing order by DATEM, lecithin and GMS.     

Gluten‐free pasta: effect of green plantain flour addition and influence of starch modification on the functional properties and resistant starch content

Green plantain flour (GPF) is rich in indigestible carbohydrates, especially in resistant starch (RS). The objective of this study was to improve the functional pasta properties and RS content by producing gluten‐free (GF) pasta based on rice flour with different amounts of GPF addition (15–60% of total flour blend). Egg albumen (3.5–6.0% of total flour) and dough moisture (36–40%, dough humidity%), at constant emulsifier (0.5% of total flour) addition, were optimised in the first trials. The results showed that an addition up to 30% GPF with higher amount of egg albumen (6%) at dough moisture of 38% provided pasta with acceptable cooking quality and high RS content. Some qualities and/or RS content of GF pasta samples was further improved by adding 30% pregelatinised flours from the native GPF or drum‐dried green banana flour (DDGBF) in combination with applying varied steps of cooking and/or cooling, which were applied after pasta extrusion prior to drying them. The study suggests that GPF, in its native form, but particularly when pregelatinised, is a promising ingredient to be used for the production of GF pasta.     

Effect of common and new gums on the quality,physical, and textural properties of bakery products: A review

Hydrocolloids (gums) have a good functional characteristic such as emulsifying, gelling, solubility, and textural improvement. In the bakery products, hydrocolloids were used to improving dough performance, bread and cake characteristics, sensorial quality, and extension the products shelf life. Several studies reported the potential use of hydrocolloids in breads, biscuits, cakes, and pasta formulation. The present review summarized the effect of the most common and new hydrocolloids (xanthan, guar, Arabic, carrageenan, karaya, alginate, acacia, methylcellulose, carboxy methyl cellulose, hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose, locust bean, balangu seed, wild sage seed, basil seed, and cress seed gums) on the rheological, physicochemical, textural, and quality characteristics of bakery products. Gums addition improved volume and porosity of the breads and cakes. Gums influence on the gelatinization and retrogradation of starch and decreased the retrogradation of starch. In the bakery products, hydrocolloids were used to improving mixing and increasing the shelf life of the products through moisture preservation and avoidance of syneresis in some frozen foods. This study summarized the influence of the most common and new hydrocolloids on the rheological, physicochemical, textural, and quality characteristics of bakery products. Addition of seeds gum to the breads, biscuits, cakes, and pasta formula led to an increase in the viscosity of the batter. Also, the firmness of bakery products showed that they became softer with increasing gum levels.