情境故事法在产品设计开发中的应用

从产品设计中"以使用者为中心"的设计要求出发,引入情境故事法的相关内容.详细论述了情境故事法的概念、流程、操作方法,并以商务笔记本为研究载体,对商务笔记本的典型用户的使用特性,以及使用过程中的最初情境和遇到的问题进行综合分析.站在用户的角度建立情境故事以寻求商务笔记本设计的创新点,从而得到新的故事方案.最后对情境故事法使用的局限性作了些简要评述.     

假肢交互中振动反馈的设计方法

目的 完成假肢交互中振动反馈的设计方法,选择合适的振动反馈信号,为假肢反馈端的设计提供科学依据。方法 选择振动作为反馈信号,通过人机交互实验测量不同振动强度下人体的差别阈限,模拟截肢者在振动反馈下使用假肢完成任务的过程。结果 得出相应的用户数据并对其进行分析,在实验结果基础上提出假肢交互中振动反馈的设计方法。结论 振动对于人体是一种新的信号,截肢者可以通过训练逐渐掌握振动反馈,提升其对假肢产品的认同感,将假肢真正作为自己身体的一部分。以振动反馈的设计流程为例所提出的振动反馈的设计方法,为假肢产品反馈端的信号选择提供了包括用户灵敏度、人体对交互方式的适应期和用户的心理学数据等量化信息,提升截肢者对假肢产品的体验。     

基于transformer的工单智能判责方法研究

在图像、文本、视频、语音以及社交类网络数据爆炸增长的时代,企业如何从海量非结构化数据中提取出有效信息并将之转化为生产效率的提升和流程自动化的实现,是目前迫切需要关注和解决的问题。本文以运营商集团电子工单自动判责场景为切入点,提出使用基于transformer架构的双向编码器表示(BERT)作为文本分类模型,自动收集各省份的反馈信息并进行各省份的工单责任智能判定。通过将BERT模型与LightGBM和Bi-LSTM-Attention模型进行实验对比,结果表明BERT模型对各类别工单的预测准确率均达到了 96%以上,具有较好的实际应用效果。     

基于稀疏激光点云数据和单帧图像融合的三维重构算法

由于激光雷达获取的深度数据非常稀疏,为了能够将深度数据与图像数据重构出稠密三维深度图,本文提出了基于稀疏激光点云数据和单帧图像融合的三维重构算法。该方法首先使用点直方图特征有效地选择对应于目标的点数据并消除体素中的非相似点;然后,使用高斯过程回归对局部深度数据建模,并通过插值获得三维深度数据,本文算法获得的三维深度点更接近基准值,并保持了目标的局部形状特征;最后,利用马尔科夫随机场对图像灰度数据和三维插值点进行融合来构建三维深度图。仿真实验结果表明:相比现有基于激光雷达数据和单目图像数据的三维重建算法,本文提出的算法将大大提升算法的鲁棒性与重构的准确度,可辅助用于复杂的城市场景中车辆的无人驾驶。     

瞬态热线法导热系数测量实验数据处理方法的研究

为克服瞬态热线法导热系数测量中实验数据处理一般方法的弊端,将数值模拟引入实验数据处理过程,并通过比较理论计算曲线与实验曲线的符合程度来获得最终的实验结果。通过不同方法对实验数据处理结果的比较分析表明,所使用的方法可以更好地处理瞬态热线法导热系数测量数据,同时,与传统方法相比,采用较少的数据点即可得到正确的结果。研究结果不仅可以改进瞬态热线法导热系数实验数据的分析方法,而且对实验系统的设计与搭建也有借鉴意义。     

笔记本计算机进入数字录音领域

近两年来笔记本型计算机的发展很快，镁铝合成机壳的使用解决了散热的问题，ＵＳＢ尤其是１３９４火线接口的应用，使得笔记本计算机可以与外界进行高速的数据沟通。在这种情况下，使用笔记本计算机来从事多轨数字录音工作的时机已经成熟。因此，目前已经有数家公司推出了适用于笔记本计算机的音频接口。 美国ＭＩＤＩＭＡＮ公司最新推出了一款名为ＵＳＢＱｕａｔｔｒｏ（Ｑｕａｔｔｏ一词来自于汽车领域，意为四轮驱动，这里我们不妨将这个产品称为ＵＳＢ ４ｘ４，见题图）的ＵＳＢ音频接口，它提供了４进４出的模拟插口，端口形式全部为平…     

空温式深冷翅片管气化器表面结霜特性实验研究

空温式深冷翅片管气化器实际使用中,表面往往会结霜,影响传热效果。由于结霜过程的非稳态性,理论分析较为困难。这里以液氩为工作介质对气化器结霜过程进行了实验,获取了一些数据。根据实验数据拟合了翅片管表面非稳态的结霜厚度和沿管长方向的结霜速度的多项式,多项式在霜层生长稳定期的计算结果和实验结果均方误差小于23%。表明通过反复实验,不断完善数据,可以使拟合结果具有更好的适用性,也为工程设计提供指导。     

应用minitab进行实验测量系统分析改进实例

六西格玛管理的一大特点是"以事实和数据驱动管理",而数据是测量的结果。因此,在开展统计分析时,六西格玛特别强调测量数据本身的质量和相应的测量系统分析。测量系统分析方法应用到实验设备选定和评价上,分析测试误差来源,找到改善方法,提升数据测量准确性,为实验稳定性控制打下基础。本文通过实验中几个典型的检验项目,介绍了从取样、测量、分析、判定进行测量系统分析的过程。     

林区视频监控下车流量分类统计

针对林区环境中通过监控视频统计车流量的传统方法提取车辆特征困难、无法分类统计等问题,提出了一种基于YOLOv5结合DeepSORT的车流量分类统计方法。该方法使用目标检测算法YOLOv5作为检测器对车辆进行分类检测,为了提升实际场景中的车辆检测效果,在算法中融入CBAM注意力机制增强检测器对车辆的特征提取能力,同时将NMS改进为DIoU-NMS,解决了因车辆相互遮挡导致的漏检问题。使用目标跟踪算法DeepSORT对检测到的车辆进行跟踪,为了减少车辆身份切换现象,将重识别网络在车辆重识别数据集上重新训练。最后通过在视频中设置虚拟线的方法对跟踪到的车辆进行统计。将该方法在实际场景中进行效果验证,实验结果表明,总体车流量统计准确率较改进前提升10.1%,汽车、货车、客车的车流量统计准确率分别为91.8%,94.6%,93.8%。     

R134a汽车空调回热系统热力性能参数的优化分析

理论上在R134a汽车空调系统中使用回热管可显著提升制冷性能,但有实验研究表明回热管的使用对系统产生了不利影响,抵消了收益,使得制冷性能提升不明显且存在一定安全性风险。本文使用空调系统综合性能实验台对不同长度回热管进行对比实验研究,得到了系统不利影响与管长的关系。此外,本文通过膨胀阀调节实验、冷凝风量控制实验和油量控制实验,得到对该不利影响的规避方法,为回热系统匹配调节提供了一定的理论依据。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Synthesis of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites by Solgel Process

Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were developed starting with the solgel process. Composite alumina-zirconia nanopowders were synthesized from metallorganic precursors (Aluminium secondary butoxide and zirconium Iso propoxide) using the solgel process. The parameters affecting the synthesis—solvent, concentration of precursor, R/H ratio (i.e., dilution of water in solvent)—were varied as also the temperature and pH. BET and TEM were used to measure nanosize. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and also qualitative optical absorption led to identical particle size estimate. The variation of process parameters was used to study the effect and interdependence of process parameters. Artificial Neural Networks was used to rigorously analyze the process. Although this led to confirmation of interdependence of parameters, the presence of a single overwhelming solvent variable was also established. Then the optimal process was used to synthesize more nanopowder. To produce bulk nanocomposite the nanopowders were sintered by varying the temperature and time period. The sintered lithoids were probed with a vickers hardness tester to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. The results showed high elastic modulus, modest hardness, and very high fracture toughness.