明式家具风格形成中明代文人设计的影响

目的从设计师的角度分析明代文人对家具设计的参与行为及其对明式家具风格形成的重要影响。方法研究首先对明式家具的风格特点及其形成背景进行阐述,继而从明代文人的生活状态、审美观念、文化修养以及精神追求等特性和个性化设计偏好等多重角度出发,结合典型设计案例,探讨文人参与家具设计对其风格形成产生的重要影响。结论研究结果不仅有助于理解明式家具的文人特征,亦能为现代中式家具设计的研究提供重要的设计参考。     

现代中式家具的设计

正设计说明:从古至今中国文化经历了上千年的传承,是一种精神与物质的汲取与沉淀。本设计中,将传统文化元素融入到我们的生活中,结合现代美学及人体工程学,设计出符合现代人生活需求的中国文人家具。使家具不仅富有文化内涵和文人气质,更能让传统文化得到发扬与传承。     

论融诗词于酒 茶包装装潢设计之中

中国饮食文化的“四大天使”,酒、茶居其二。翻开6千年中华文明史首卷,即飘溢着酒与茶的馥郁芳香。中华酒文化、茶文化源远流长,丰富多彩,既是饮食文化,亦为精神文化。唐代僧人冒死参与走私茶叶,即缘酷爱茶文化之故,非为贪利忘义之举。而古今多少文人骚客饮酒品茗为之留下的佳句绝唱,更是使其文化意蕴愈益深邃丰厚。酒,形似水,性如火。它能为观者添乐,为悲者解忧,可给社会增辉,给生活加彩,它更为文人雅士带来诗情画意,给英雄义士增添侠胆豪气。自古有言曰:诗酒同     

绿茶与绿茶包装探析

生活中处处有茶,绿茶作为其中的一类,以其特有的汤澄碧绿备受人们喜爱。文化与包装的关系应为表里关系,茶文化是一种实体性的包含物质形态同时又体现高雅精神趣味的文化。浅析了茶文化的世俗与文人特质,分析了绿茶包装应体现文化特质,重点论述了绿茶的商品属性色。     

传承羌茶文化，发展羌茶产业--以北川县“古羌茶艺传习所”为例

传说羌人神农氏尝百草发现茶树时羌族人就开始饮茶,茶在古羌人的生活中占有重要地位,它既是日常饮食的必需品,也是人与人之间情感交流的纽带。在羌人漫长的饮茶活动中形成了厚重而独特的羌茶文化。现代文明的入侵瓦解了传统的羌族生活习俗,带有明显羌族文化烙印的茶事活动逐渐淡出现代羌人的视线,羌茶文化于外族人更是无从谈起。北川县“古羌茶艺传习所”尽一己之力起到了保护和传承羌茶文化的作用,它客观地记录和梳理出羌茶文化历史发展脉络,采用声、光、影等现代展示手段,结合传统的图文展示方法,再现了羌茶文化发展历程和羌族饮茶习俗,对羌茶文化的传承及羌茶产业的发展起到积极作用。     

茶室设计中的明式家具与文人情怀

中国的茶文化源远流长,文人雅士常在茶道中品味高雅情趣获得精神上的满足,进而得到人生的乐趣。随着社会的发展,饮茶问道称走入了寻常百姓的生活,茶室的营建称为了生活休闲空间的主流选择。明式家具是茶室设计中重要的组成部分,不仅因为其做工精良、造型优美,更加体现了中国传统文化中文人阶层的文人情怀和审美理想。茶室设计中的明式家具的运用与人文情怀的体现也成为了茶室设计的灵魂和成败的关键。     

白居易茶诗意境在茶室家具及空间中的设计

目的白居易是唐代第一个大量引茶入诗的诗人,其茶诗蕴涵丰富的文化内涵和优美的意境,探索白居易茶诗意境,挖掘出其文化内涵和背后的营境规律,是对现代茶室家具及其空间设计的一种新思路探究。方法将白居易茶诗作为研究对象,分析茶诗形成的条件和特点,将具体茶诗意象分析总结探寻规律,得到茶诗意境组合方式为3种,分别是"形容词+名词"、"动词+名词"和"名词+名词"的组合方式。在此基础上结合茶诗中的色彩,形成设计方法,最后进行茶室家具和空间的设计实践。结论茶诗是茶文化的精髓,白居易茶诗数量众多,可作为研究茶文化的样本,也有益于探究寻找茶诗意境规律。将白居易茶诗意境运用到茶家具及空间设计中,是对茶文化的探索,也是茶家具及空间设计回归传统文化的尝试。     

苏作红木家具标准化体系研究

苏作红木家具不能简单的认为是指苏州地区生产的,广义上应指在造型、卯榫结构、制作工艺、髹漆技艺上保持明代家具的大部分特性,以及在装饰手法和雕刻技巧上受"清式家具"影响的部分红木家具。但是目前市场上出现大量粗劣仿制苏作红木家具的产品,大大降低了"苏作印象",即人们对苏作红木技艺的信任及好感程度。为了保证、保持苏作红木家具的文化艺术价值、技艺传承,结构合理,质量过硬,目前需要一套标准化的体系用于规范、指导、测评苏作红木家具。苏州市质量技术监督综合检验检测中心与苏州市家俱协会联合起草了苏作红木家具团体标准,用于开展苏作红木家具的标准化工作。     

基于中国茶文化的现代茶叶包装设计

茶文化是中国传统文化中的一朵奇葩,它植根于悠久的中华民族传统文化之中,在漫长的形成和发展过程中逐渐由物质文化上升到精神文化的范畴。茶包装作为茶文化的一种独特文化载体,既要有包装的原有功能,还应充分体现茶的历史文化意蕴。以茶文化定位的茶包装设计可以从包装造型、图案装饰及色彩配置方面予以视觉表现。     

云南茶文化与宗教文化初探

本文详细介绍了云南茶的起源及少数民族茶的种类和文化,探讨了道家与茶的关系是“茶艺”;儒家与茶的关系是“茶礼”,佛教与茶的关系是“茶道”。揭示了道、懦、佛对茶文化共同的特点是：追求质朴、自然、清静、无私、平和。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.