高体积分数SiC_p增强6063Al基复合材料的真空加压钎焊

在580℃、保温40min、压力为4kPa的钎焊条件下,采用Al70-Cu22.3-Si6.1-Mg1.6膏状钎料对增强相体积分数为60%的SiCp/6063Al复合材料进行真空加压钎焊,通过扫描电镜和剪切试验等研究了钎料对复合材料基体及SiC增强相的润湿机理以及钎焊接头的显微组织、剪切断口形貌。结果表明:在试验条件下,钎料对复合材料的润湿性较高,可通过扩散及机械压渗作用与基体、SiC颗粒分别形成冶金结合和机械锁合,接头的抗剪强度均值为71.6MPa;钎料与基体合金的反应界面消失,钎料对大块SiC增强相的润湿性一般,二者之间存在较小的间隙;断裂发生在钎料层以及钎料与复合材料界面的母材侧。     

喷射沉积SiC_p/Al-20Si复合材料高周疲劳行为研究

采用喷射沉积法制备15%(体积分数)4.5 m SiCp/Al-20Si复合材料及其基体合金,研究该组材料的微观组织、力学性能、高周疲劳性能以及疲劳断口形貌。结果表明:SiC颗粒的加入有利于提高材料的力学性能;复合材料及其基体的高调疲劳寿命随应力幅值的减小而增加,在相同应力幅值下,复合材料的疲劳寿命远远高于基体合金。疲劳裂纹从大颗粒的初晶Si的断裂以及Si相脱离处形核,并开始扩展。对于复合材料而言,SiC颗粒尺寸较小,不容易发生断裂,在形核过程中,当裂纹遇到SiC颗粒时,裂纹或者避开增强体,或者受阻于SiC颗粒,只能在基体合金中扩展,从而扩大了疲劳形核区的面积,提高了材料的疲劳寿命。Si颗粒的脱离、Si相的断裂以及SiC颗粒与基体界面的脱粘是复合材料疲劳断裂失效的主要机制。     

纳米SiC晶须增强Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的显微组织与力学性能

采用真空烧结法制备了纳米SiC晶须增强Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷复合材料,用XRD、FESEM、EDS、万能试验机及维氏硬度仪等手段研究了纳米SiC晶须对复合材料显微组织和抗弯强度及断裂韧度的影响。结果表明:复合材料的显微组织具有典型的芯-壳结构,主要由黑色的硬质核心相,灰色的环形相,灰白色的粘结相以及部分分布于外环形相/粘结相界面、部分弥散分布于粘结相中的白色增强相组成;随着纳米SiC晶须添加量的增加,粘结相的体积分数减小,增强相的体积分数增大;与未添加晶须的金属陶瓷相比,复合材料的抗弯强度和断裂韧度均有显著提高,当纳米SiC晶须的体积分数为7.5%时,复合材料的力学性能最佳,抗弯强度为2 346 MPa,断裂韧度为16.82 MPa·m~(1/2)。     

挤压铸造SiCp/2A50铝基复合材料的组织和力学性能研究

研究了在常规铸造工艺下使用挤压铸造方法制备SiC颗粒增强2A50的复合材料,分析了复合材料及增强相的微观组织,检测复合材料的室温力学性能,并探讨复合材料中SiC的强韧化机理以及SiC颗粒体积分数对力学性能的影响。研究表明,使用挤压铸造工艺制备的材料力学性能明显高于铝合金基体;SiCp/2A50复合材料力学性能的提高是位错强化、界面强化和时效强化等机制共同作用的结果;SiCp颗粒的体积分数应控制在20%左右,才能提高复合材料的力学性能。     

表面镀镍SiC_p/Al复合材料与可伐合金的真空钎焊

采用扫描电镜、材料试验机等研究了表面化学镀镍后增强相体积分数为55%的SiCp/6063Al复合材料与可伐合金真空钎焊接头的显微组织、剪切断口形貌以及钎焊保温时间对接头组织和性能的影响。结果表明:表面镀镍后的SiCp/6063Al复合材料能够实现与可伐合金的真空钎焊,在550℃下保温20min能得到剪切强度为100 MPa的接头,其断裂性质为脆性断裂;钎料中的钛元素能够与复合材料中的SiC颗粒发生化学反应,达到钎料与基体的冶金结合;焊缝组织致密,钎料对可伐合金和镀镍复合材料的润湿性都良好。     

切削SiCp/Al复合材料的切屑形成及颗粒损伤仿真分析

为探究SiCp/Al复合材料在切削过程中的切屑形成及颗粒损伤过程,运用ABAQUS有限元分析软件建立了考虑颗粒随机分布的SiCp/Al复合材料切削仿真模型,并在模型中分别定义了Al基体、Al基体-SiC颗粒结合界面以及SiC颗粒的损伤失效行为。结果表明,裂纹在Al基体-SiC颗粒结合界面或Al基体中的形成与扩展是导致切屑断裂的主要原因,也是影响切屑形态的主要因素;SiC颗粒存在完全断裂、局部破碎、整体拔出以及局部脱黏等损伤形式,并相应在切削加工表面或亚表面留下划痕、凹坑、孔洞和凸起等缺陷;椭圆形SiC颗粒的中心位置相对于切削路径的位置越高,SiC颗粒越容易脱黏,切削加工表面缺陷也越小;椭圆形SiC颗粒倾斜夹角(椭圆形长轴与切削方向之间的夹角)为135°时,颗粒损伤程度最高,切削加工表面缺陷最大。分析切屑形成和颗粒损伤过程是研究SiCp/Al复合材料切削加工特性的有效途径,对于优化SiCp/Al复合材料的制造工艺,改善SiCp/Al复合材料已加工表面质量具有重要意义。     

SiC颗粒表面处理对SiC/Cu复合材料性能的影响

将SiC颗粒在1 100℃和空气气氛下锻烧6 h得到氧化态的SiC颗粒,在5%HF酸中浸泡24 h得到酸洗过的SiC颗粒;然后采用非均相沉淀包裹法制得铜包裹不同状态SiC复合粉体,采用热压烧结工艺制备了含有35%SiC(体积分数)的SiC/Cu复合材料;对复合材料的微观结构和性能进行了研究和分析。结果表明:与原始态SiC颗粒的复合材料相比,对SiC颗粒进行高温氧化和酸洗后使得SiC/Cu复合材料具有不同的界面结合状态,均能提高复合材料的强度和硬度,酸洗态SiC颗粒制备的复合材料强度和硬度均最高。     

增强体颗粒失效对SiCp/Al复合材料屈服强度的影响

采用Eshelby等效夹杂理论,分析SiCp/Al复合材料受载时作用在SiC颗粒上的应力.假设SiC颗粒失效符合Weibull统计分布,在综合考虑复合材料各种强化机制的基础上,引入颗粒失效对材料屈服强度的影响,建立SiCp/Al复合材料的屈服强度模型.结果表明,该模型预测的屈服强度与相应的实验结果吻合较好.同时模型显示在屈服状态下,颗粒直径较小时,复合材料的颗粒失效以界面脱粘为主,而随着粒度的增大,颗粒的断裂分数迅速增大,颗粒失效则转变为由颗粒断裂和界面脱粘共同控制.     

SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料的制备及性能

利用粉末冶金法制备出了SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料(SiCp/Al),研究了SiC颗粒添加量对复合材料布氏硬度、抗拉强度及显微结构的影响。结果表明:SiC颗粒在基体材料中分布均匀,界面清晰;SiCp/Al复合材料的硬度与抗拉强度随SiC颗粒含量的增加先升高后降低,在SiC颗粒添加量为7 Wt%时,硬度与抗拉强度达到最大值,分别为89.4HBS与311MPa。     

铺粉工艺对SiC 颗粒增强铝基表面复合材料性能的影响*

搅拌法制备SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料时铺粉工艺对材料性能影响很大,影响SiC颗粒能否均匀地嵌入基体中。研究黏接剂、SiC颗粒粒径、颗粒铺粉厚度等对搅拌摩擦制备SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料的影响。以焊缝宏观质量、SiC颗粒体积分数与硬度、基体组织及颗粒、复合材料不同深度维氏硬度、复合区面积(宏观)为表征参量对制备的复合材料进行表征,并得出最佳的铺粉工艺。结果表明:相比于α-氰基丙烯酸乙酯,聚乙烯醇作为黏接剂时,复合材料中SiC颗粒的分布更加均匀;嵌入基体的SiC颗粒体积分数随着SiC粉末粒径的增加而增加,而基体中SiC颗粒体积分数相同情况下,SiC颗粒的粒径越小对基体材料硬度的提高越明显;复合材料中SiC颗粒增强区面积会随着铺粉厚度的增加而增加,但增加铺粉厚度会使得SiC颗粒增强区硬度、体积分数的变化梯度增加。     

Mechanical and tribological properties of short-fiber-reinforced SiC composites

The short-carbon-fiber-reinforced SiC (C_sf/SiC) composites were prepared by hot-pressing sintering with Si, Al and B as sintering additives. The effects of fiber volume fraction on the mechanical and tribological properties of the C_sf/SiC composites were investigated. The results show that the bending strength values of the composites containing a certain content of the short carbon fibers are higher than that of the monolithic SiC. The friction coefficients of the composites decrease with increasing short carbon fibers content. Except of the composite containing 53 vol% short carbon fibers, the wear rates of the composites decrease with increasing short carbon fibers content, and are lower than that of the monolithic SiC drastically.     

Effect of matrix/reinforcement particle size ratio (PSR) on the mechanical properties of extruded Al–SiC composites

This paper studied the combined effects of matrix-to-reinforcement particle size ratio (PSR) and SiC volume fraction on the mechanical properties of extruded Al–SiC composites. A powder metallurgy technique (PM) of cold pressing at 500 MPa followed by hot extrusion at 580 °C was adopted to produce Al/SiC composite. Aluminum powder of size 60 μm and silicon carbide with different sizes, i.e., 50, 20, and 8 μm, were used. Three different volume fractions of SiC were employed, i.e., 5, 10, and 15 %, for each investigated size using a constant extrusion ratio of 14.36. The effect of matrix-to-reinforcement PSR on the reinforcement spatial distribution, fabricability, and resulting mechanical properties of a PM-processed Al/SiC composite were investigated. It has been shown that small ratio between matrix to reinforcement particle size resulted in more uniform distribution of the SiC particles in the matrix. As the PSR increases, the agglomerations and voids increase and the reinforcement particulates seem to have nonuniform distribution. In addition, the agglomerations increased as the volume fraction of the SiC increased. It has also been shown that homogenous distribution of the SiC particles resulted in higher yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation. Yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the composite reinforced by PSR (1.2) are higher than those of composite reinforced by PSR (7.5), while the elongation shows opposite trend with yield strength and ultimate tensile strength.     

填料中锌含量和焊接温度对SiC/Al复合材料接头性能的影响

通过烧结铝粉和碳化硅微粒制备SiC/Al复合材料,以组成(质量分数/%)分别为Al-20SiC、Al-20SiC-20Zn、Al-20 SiC-40Zn的填料作为中间层材料,在420,520,600℃焊接温度下对复合材料进行扩散焊接,研究了填料中锌含量与焊接温度对复合材料接头性能的影响。结果表明:在420℃焊接后,接头附近的锌呈明显团聚状态,而在520,600℃焊接后,接头附近未见锌团聚现象,较高的焊接温度有助于锌的均匀扩散;采用Al-20SiC-40Zn填料并在520℃焊接后,接头发生了氧化,形成明显的裂纹;采用Al-20SiC-20Zn填料焊接后试样的剪切强度大于采用Al-20SiC和Al-20SiC-40Zn填料的,且随着焊接温度的升高而增大;随着填料中锌含量的增加,接头的硬度提高,且均高于母材的;接头的硬度随着焊接温度的升高而增大,但增幅减小。     

Effect of the Graphite Content on the Tribological Behavior of Al/Gr and Al/30SiC/Gr Composites Processed by In Situ Powder Metallurgy (IPM) Method

The influence of graphite content on the dry sliding wear characteristics of Al6061/Gr composites along with Al6061/30SiC/Gr hybrid composites has been assessed using a pin-on-disc wear test. The composites with different volume fraction of graphite particles up to 13% were processed by in situ powder metallurgy (IPM) technique. The porosity and hardness of the resultant composites were also examined. It was found that an increase in the graphite content reduced the porosity, hardness, and friction coefficient of both types of composites. The hybrid composites were more porous and exhibited higher hardness and lower coefficient of friction at identical graphite contents. The increased graphite content in the range of 0–13 vol.% resulted in increased wear rate of Al/Gr composites. The Al/30SiC composite exhibited a lower wear rate as compared with the base alloy and graphite addition up to 9 vol.% improved the wear resistance of these hybrid composites. However, more graphite particles addition resulted in increased wear rate. SEM micrographs revealed that the wear mechanism was changed from mostly adhesive in the base alloy sample (Al/0Gr) to the prominently abrasive and delamination wear for Al/Gr and Al/SiC/Gr/composites.     

SiC颗粒对镁基复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

采用粉末冶金法制备了AZ91镁合金和SiC颗粒增强的镁基复合材料,SiC的粒度分别为18 μm和8μm,经热压烧结后制得试样.通过扫描电子显微镜观察分析基体和增强体的微观组织形貌,并将制备出的材料分别放入MMW-1型摩擦磨损试验机上,研究SiC的粒度对镁基复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响.实验结果表明:SiC颗粒的加入能有效...     

Heat Treated NiP–SiC Composite Coatings: Elaboration and Tribocorrosion Behaviour in NaCl Solution

Tribocorrosion behaviour of heat-treated NiP and NiP–SiC composite coatings was investigated in a 0.6 M NaCl solution. The tribocorrosion tests were performed in a linear sliding tribometer with an electrochemical cell interface. It was analyzed the influence of SiC particles dispersion in the NiP matrix on current density developed, on coefficient of friction and on wear volume loss. The results showed that NiP–SiC composite coatings had a lower wear volume loss compared to NiP coatings. However, the incorporation of SiC particles into the metallic matrix affects the current density developed by the system during the tribocorrosion test. It was verified that not only the volume of co-deposited particles (SiC vol.%) but also the number of SiC particles per coating area unit (and consequently the SiC particles size) have made influence on the tribocorrosion behaviour of NiP–SiC composite coatings.     

Processing and properties of Al2O3/SiC nanocomposites

Alumina/SiC nanocomposites were produced by mechanical mixture of commercial powders. The preparation steps involved the vigorous mixing of the powders and drying under conditions where the homogeneous mixture was kept stable. Pressureless sintering of die-pressed powders achieved reasonable densities (～97% theoretical density) for 2·5wt% of SiC on sintering at 2073 K. Higher SiC contents strongly reduced the sintered density. The use of a more reactive alumina (finer matrix powder) gave similar results. Hot pressing at 1973 K/1 h/25 MPa produced high-density materials for SiC contents as high as 20 wt%. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the SiC particles were well distributed and were situated both inside the grains and on the grain boundaries of the alumina matrix. The SiC strongly inhibited grain growth in the matrix in keeping with the Zener model. The bend strength increased as the SiC content increased, a result partly explained by the grain size refinement. The strength improvement of 20% over monolithic was explained in terms of the change to an intergranular fracture mode.     

Mechanism and influence of pulse-impact on the properties of liquid-phase pulse-impact diffusion welded SiCp/A356

An investigation was conducted to study: (1) the mechanism of liquid-phase pulse-impact diffusion welding (LPPIDW); and (2) the influence of pulse-impact on the microstructure and tensile strength of LPPIDW-welded joints of the aluminum matrix composite (AMC) SiC_p/A356. The results showed that, during LPPIDW: (1) the interface state between the SiC particles and matrix was prominently affected by the pulse-impact; (2) the initial pernicious contact-state of reinforcement particles was changed from reinforcement (SiC)/reinforcement (SiC) to reinforcement (SiC)/matrix/reinforcement (SiC); (3) the harmful microstructure/brittle phase of Al₄C₃ was restrained from the welded joint; (4) the density of dislocation in the matrix neighboring to and away from the interface in the matrix was higher than its parent composite; and (5) the intensively mutual entwisting of dislocation was taking place. Studies illustrated that: (1) deformation mainly occurred in the matrix grain; and (2) in the deformation of rapid thermal pressing, the matrices around SiC particles engendered intensive aberration and offered a high-density nucleus area for matrix crystals, which was in favor of forming nano-grains and improved the properties of the successfully welded composite joints. Such distinctly welded composite joints gave: (1) a tensile strength of up to 179 MPa, which was about 74.6% of the stir-cast SiC_p/A356; and (2) a corresponding radial deformation of below 3%, which conformed well to the deformation specification of the welded specimens.