Implications of customer value perceptions for the design of electricity efficiency services in times of smart metering

Smart meters are the backbone of modern electricity metering and an important enabler of reaching energy efficiency targets. The implementation of new metering infrastructure is, however, making little progress and is often focused on technical aspects only. Additionally, existing smart metering information systems do not yet exploit the possibilities to optimally support customers in their electricity savings activities. Knowing customer preferences is absolutely essential for the effectiveness of energy efficiency measures and, as a consequence, for realizing the economic value of smart metering technology. The presented research contributes to the field by identifying customer value perceptions concerning new smart meter services in the retail electricity market in Switzerland. Founded on a choice-based conjoint analysis with a data sample of more than 1500 respondents from three Swiss regions, five customer segments with different preferences are identified. With the exception of the comfort-oriented customer segment, the other four segments are comprised of customers who are willing (1) to pay for smart meter services and (2) to change their behavior to save electricity. Based on the identified customer value perceptions, implications for the design of smart meter-based energy efficiency services are elaborated.     

射频卡智能水表系统的设计

给出了一种基于超低功耗芯片MSP430F149单片机的射频卡智能水表系统的设计方案,其中采用射频卡T5557及其读写基站U2270B作为系统的射频读写模块。重点阐述了系统的硬件构成及软件设计流程,并简单介绍了基于此系统的用水管理系统的设计。该射频卡智能水表可广泛应用于各城市供水系统,并可作进一步推广应用到工业用液体如石油,化工等流量计量计费系统。     

智能电网中的智能抄表技术分析

抄表系统的智能化发展已成为一种趋势,智能抄表系统具有节约成本,高效管理,抄表精确,方便用户等优点,在智能电网中有着重要的意义.本文介绍了智能电网中智能抄表的意义,列举了现有的智能抄表技术,然后对智能抄表的新热点进行了探讨,并设计实现了基于Zigbee的抄表系统,给出了系统组成及工作原理和系统软件设计过程,说明了该系统的实用性和优越性,最后对全文进行了总结.     

Privacy-preserving smart metering revisited

Privacy-preserving billing protocols are useful in settings where a meter measures user consumption of some service, such as smart metering of utility consumption, pay-as-you-drive insurance and electronic toll collection. In such settings, service providers apply fine-grained tariff policies that require meters to provide a detailed account of user consumption. The protocols allow the user to pay to the service provider without revealing the user’s consumption measurements. Our contribution is twofold. First, we propose a general model where a meter can output meter readings to multiple users, and where a user receives meter readings from multiple meters. Unlike previous schemes, our model accommodates a wider variety of smart metering applications. Second, we describe a protocol based on polynomial commitments that improves the efficiency of previous protocols for tariff policies that employ splines to compute the price due.     

基于71M6542F的高精度智能电表的设计

介绍一种以美信片上系统71M6542F为核心的单相智能电能表的设计,给出了该电表的关键硬件电路和软件流程。该系统采用了单芯片集成系统的设计方法,打破了智能电表由计量芯片加控制芯片的常规设计思路。应用表明,该电表计量精度高、抗干扰能力强、市场前景好。     

基于误差在线自诊断技术的智能电表设计

随着坚强智能电网的建设,电能表的现场检验技术滞后于电网发展,造成大量的资源浪费。对误差在线自诊断技术进行了研究。基于ADE9153计量芯片的mSure技术,设计一款具有在线误差自诊断功能的智能电能表。对电能表的软件和硬件作了设计改进。通过分析电能表采样电路的性能改变,监测电能表因窃电、计量故障、器件老化或失效引起的误差改变。通过远程数据采集实现对电能表生命周期内的误差在线监测,便于故障及时发现、精准定位。基于大数据分析,为供电部门合理规划、有序轮换电能表提供参考依据,延长了电能表的使用寿命、减少了资源浪费。通过试验室测试及现场运行测试,验证了误差在线自诊断技术的准确性、稳定性、可靠性。     

面向自动抄表系统的智能消息语言

针对传统自动抄表系统存在的多种计量设备相互通信困难的问题,提出了一种面向自动化抄表系统的智能消息语言(SML).分别阐述了SML的基本概念、结构及其在网络结构中的定位,分析了SML语言标准中的消息簇组成格式、封装和编码方式等.最后,结合电力抄表系统的应用实例,给出了SML语言在电力自动抄表系统中的各种数据传输格式.通过...     

基于71M6543G的三相智能电表实现

针对我国智能电网的发展趋势和需求,介绍一种以71M6543G为核心的三相智能电表的设计方案。详细介绍了智能电表关键硬件部分以及软件部分的实现。设计采用MAXIM公司生产的第四代多相电表片上系统(SoC)71M6543G,实际使用表明,该电表设计抗干扰能力强,精度高,符合当前市场对智能电表的实际需求。     

An autonomous and intelligent expert system for residential water end-use classification

Intelligent metering technology combined with advanced numerical techniques enable a paradigm shift in the current level of water consumption information provision that is available to the customer and the water business. The aim of this study was to develop an autonomous and intelligent system for residential water end-use classification that could interface with customers and water business managers via a user-friendly web-based application. Water flow data collected directly from smart water meters includes both single (e.g., a shower event occurring alone) and combined (i.e., an event that comprises several overlapping single events) water end use events. The authors recently developed intelligent algorithms to solve the complex problem of autonomously categorising residential water consumption data into a registry of single and combined events using a hybrid combination of techniques including Hidden Markov Model (HMM), Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm, time-of-day probability functions, threshold values and various physical features. However, the issue still remained, which is the focus of this current paper, on how to integrate self-learning functionality into the visioned expert system, in order that it can learn from newly collected datasets from different cities, regions and countries, to that collected for the training data. Such versatility and adaptive capacity is essential to make the expert system widely applicable. Through applying alternate forms of HMM and DTW in association with a frequency analysis technique, a suitable self-learning methodology was formulated and tested on three independent households located in Melbourne, Australia with a prediction accuracy of between 80% and 90% for the major end-use categories. The three principle flow data processing modules (i.e., single and combined event recognition and self-learning function) were integrated into a prototype software application for performing autonomous water end-use analysis and its functionality is presented in the latter sections of this paper. The developed expert system has profound implications for government, water businesses and consumers, seeking to better manage precious urban water resources.     

智能电能表应用安全性研究

电能表是测量电路中消耗电能的仪表,是供电企业和电力用户进行电能贸易结算的计量器具,也是《计量法》规定实施强制检定的计量器具。因此,确保电能表安全、正确、可靠是电能表使用的前提。本文分析了传统电能表在安全使用上的局限,总结了智能电能表在防攻击方面的措施,着重提出了一种基于混合加密的智能电能表数据信息安全交互方案,并进行了相关的分析比较,从比较结果可以看出,采用众多防攻击措施的智能表在应用的安全性上得到极大的提高。     

A Stackelberg game-theoretic approach to optimal real-time pricing for the smart grid

This paper proposes a Stackelberg game approach to maximize the profit of the electricity retailer (utility company) and minimize the payment bills of its customers. The electricity retailer determines the retail price through the proposed smart energy pricing scheme to optimally adjust the real-time pricing with the aim to maximize its profit. The price information is sent to the customers through a smart meter. According to the announced price, the customers can automatically manage the energy use of appliances in the households by the proposed optimal electricity consumption scheduling system with the aim to minimize their electricity bills. We model the interactions between the retailer and its electricity customers as a 1-leader, N-follower Stackelberg game. At the leader’s side, i.e., for the retailer, we adopt genetic algorithms to maximize its profit while at the followers’ side, i.e., for customers, we develop an analytical solution to the linear programming problem to minimize their bills. Simulation results show that the proposed approach is beneficial for both the customers and the retailer.     

Agglomeration development strategy of telecom industry based on embedded system and data mining

Aggregation is driven by both the size of the concentration and the city itself in the industry (urbanization). Since the new company to follow the existing companies in the same industry continues to cluster in these areas, the localized economy will create a cluster to produce the same product. The crisis of power shortage in the telecommunications industry in the summer of the peak power consumption period reduces the power cost through load management measures based on Neural Network (NN) using FPGA tool. Field of Business Intelligence (BI) is, by performing the direct mining data in the database, applying the power of data mining in a number of the hands of the business line and analysts. Sample of the customer, install the collect energy consumption data that the digital power meter. Effective load management strategies have been proposed; the load management measures’ contents can be summarized to compare the measured data. Result join the show's load management strategy, the telecommunications industry, and are very satisfied. In the margin adjustment and Time of Use (ToU) period, customers of this industry can save a certain amount of electricity.     

Privacy-enhanced architecture for smart metering

The recent deployment of smart grids promises to bring numerous advantages in terms of energy consumption reduction in both homes and businesses. A more transparent and instantaneous measurement of electricity consumption through smart meters utilization leads to an enhancement in the ability of monitoring, controlling and predicting energy usage. Nevertheless, it also has associated drawbacks related to the privacy of customers, since such management might reveal their personal habits, which electrical appliances they are using at each moment, whether they are at home or not, etc. In this work, we present a privacy-enhanced architecture for smart metering aimed at tackling this threat by means of encrypting individual measurements while allowing the electricity supplier to access the aggregation of the corresponding decrypted values.     

基于智能电表海量数据的台区运行态势分析与应用

随着智能电网的快速推进,配网智能化水平越来越高。用户智能电表的覆盖率逐年提升,利用用户智能电表每十五分钟一次采集形成的海量数据,辅以公变终端运行数据,从低压台区线损、故障、网架分析三个视角入手开展台区运行态势分析和应用。通过精益化线损分析,研判线损异常的原因,对配网变户一致性进行研判,对智能装置数据准确性进行评价;通过低压台区回路阻抗模型计算,利用阻抗值实现了配网异常情况的预判和网架阻抗评估;通过配网故障研究分析,及时实现不同类型故障的准确主动研判,进一步提升供电服务“最后一公里”服务效率。本文通过深入挖掘智能电网领域大数据价值,促进业务创新、绩效提升,细化客户分类,满足智能化、多样化用电需要,提升配电网感知度。     

基于WirelessHART的电力无线传感网设计

为推动泛在电力物联网建设,提高感知层电力数据采集量,解决传统电力系统有线电表布线成本大、恶劣环境下施工不便及人工抄表效率差等问题,设计了一种基于WirelessHART协议的无线智能电表,建立节点路由算法与时间同步算法,使多台智能电表构成完整的电力无线传感网络,对电能实现实时可靠的电力计量与调度。将无线网关在上位机进行测试,判断网络的传输效率与稳定性。     

基于3G的能耗数据采集器设计

针对大型公共建筑实时监控能耗的需求,借助3G网络传输的优势,提出了一种基于3G的能耗数据采集器的设计方案。该方案使用STM32为主控制器,根据Modbus通信规约通过RS485方式实现对智能电表的能耗数据采集,再将数据通过3G无线网络远传至服务器。重点设计了采集器的硬件电路,数据采集与传输驱动程序。经实验室测试,该采集器能实时、准确地采集数据并传送至服务器,性能稳定可靠,能够满足能耗监测系统的需求。     

多网融合下异构分层的智能化供水系统研究

在多网融合的过程中,网络和服务覆盖的范围向更多的行业延伸。探讨供水行业的智能化供水系统,特别是系统的网络架构、远程预付费、IC卡预付费、自动抄表功能的设计。针对目前用水计量与信息环境的复杂特点,提出在多网融合环境下按异构分层模式来构建系统。该系统采用多线程的集中轮询异步模式实现智能水表远程预付费功能,应用虚拟串口技术解决分布式远程设备控制以实现 IC 卡表预付费功能,具有可调时间的自动抄表及水费自动结算、水损分析等功能,应用表明了该系统的有效性与适用性。     

智能电网AMI网络隐私保护的读数采集策略

提出一种网络隐私保护的读数采集策略.本策略在智能电表中采集读数加入掩码,并将所有的智能电表读数进行聚合并消除所有的掩码才能得到真实的电能消费信息,因此单单获取一个智能电表的读数无法得到真实的电能消费读数.每个智能电表和其他电表或电网设施之间通过一个代理分享其自身的掩码信息.NS-3仿真实验结果表明,本文的策略优于其他现有的方案.     

配变监测系统下基于DSP的抄表管理

在电力系统中的自动抄表系统是用来对大用户用电企业的用电情况进行监测处理的系统.鉴于各个省级电力部门所需要监测处理的用电情况各异,因此如何快速有效地对需要的电表数据抄表就成了重要一环.就配变监测系统中在DSP56f827架构下、通过RS-485对电能表进行抄表的抄表管理进行了介绍,对此架构下的抄表管理系统需要的硬件及其环境作了详细介绍,并论述其软件的实现.     

Multi-level association rules for MP3P marketing strategies based on extensive marketing survey data

This study analyzes the purchase patterns of MPEG Audio Layer-3 Players (MP3) customers in Korea. Factor analysis, clustering, and association rules are used to find the purchase patterns of segmented groups. From our analysis, 7 major factors were identified: technique, business, stylishness, rationale, late adaptor, pragmatic propensity, and music. Based on these factors and demographic data, six types of user groups are identified. Subsequently, we identify the chain of purchase processes of each cluster of customers. Finally, we propose target marketing strategies for segmented groups. We expect that our study results can provide direction for marketing and public relations strategies for MP3P manufacturers.