基于标准CMOS工艺的UHF无源通讯电源电路设计与实现

针对UHF射频无源通信系统中,无源射频接收端的电源电路设计难题,以提高其电源转换电路的能量转换效率和输出电压的稳定性为目标,研究了在标准CMOS工艺下实现肖特基二极管的方法,并从理论上推导了其传输特性,提出了一种新型的限压电路,改进了传统带隙结构。与传统结构相比,新的UHF射频无源通信接收端的电源电路的能量转换效率高,开启速度快,输出电压稳定性更好,能够大幅改善射频无源接收电路的工作性能。最后还给出了芯片实现的版图,以及模拟和测试结果。     

无线能量及信息传输系统

本设计采用PIC16F877单片机作为主控芯片,系统通信载波频率选用184kHz,由ATC205IMCUP：生,具有较高的稳定性。通过线圈耦合实现能量的无线传输,相关的信患使用LCD显示,具有较好的显示界面;通过改变LC谐振两端的电压值可以调节接收端的电压值。并且在发射端闱一个采样电阻测量整机工作电流,根据P=U’I可以实时用液晶显示发射机的功耗。接收模块通过控制其线圈回路的通断,通过耦合改变能量发射模块的谐振回路的Q值,实现了照明模块和能量发射模块之间的数据传输。     

一种用于极性反转热电能量收集的升降压转换器

针对传统TEG能量收集系统输入电压单一化与可用功率范围较窄的问题,提出了一种适用于极性反转热电能量收集的升降压DC-DC转换器。采用双极性输入升降压拓扑结构,能够自适应收集双极性输入热电能量,并增加储能升降压回路,有效拓宽了重载下可用功率范围,保证输出电压稳定性,并在轻负载时收集多余能量,显著提高轻载转换效率,保证系统续航能力。最大功率追踪方法采用结构简单、追踪效率较高的开路电压法。180 nm CMOS工艺仿真验证表明,所提出的能量收集系统轻重负载条件下转换效率均高于85％,最高转换效率为93.26%(VTEG=500 mV,RS=210 Ω),最大功率追踪效率达到99.52％(VTEG=-600 mV),电路最低工作输入电压为±25 mV,且重负载下1.8 V输出电压纹波小于30 mV。     

矩阵整流器输入与输出滤波器特性的研究

矩阵整流器是一种真正的降压型四象限AC-DC变换器,可以用在各种三相电压供电的直流电源领域。鉴于矩阵整流器采用波形高频合成原理实现输入电压-输出电压的变换和输出电流-输入电流的变换,并非纯硅变换器,输入LC滤波器与输出LC滤波器的设计至关重要,并决定着整流器系统的功能、性能和可靠性。在理论分析矩阵整流器与电流源PWM整流器具有共同变换本质的基础上,采用电路DQ转换方法,建立输入LC滤波器-矩阵整流器-输出LC滤波器系统的DC等效电路,重点分析了DC特性高低对滤波器参数设计要求,进而给出设计原则和参数选择公式,并进行实验验证。     

用于无线能量传输的高效率半导体激光器设计

激光无线能量传输在无人机、卫星空间站和探月机器人供电等方面具有潜在应用前景,其系统效率成为了其应用的关键瓶颈。为了提高激光无线能量传输系统发射端激光器的电光转换效率、接收端光斑均匀性和有效窗口收光比,提出了用于激光无线能量传输发射端的高效率半导体激光器设计方案。基于合束效率较高的空间合束设计了一套高功率高效率半导体激光系统,接收端光斑不均匀度可优化至0.207,有效窗口内收光比大于94%。搭建了千瓦级激光无线能量传输实验装置,发射端半导体激光系统直接输出矩形光斑,与矩形光电池匹配,提高了电池阵布片率。利用多光束指向性可调节特点,优化了接收端光斑均匀度,有利于提高接收端电池的转换效率及简化电源管理。该设计与研究为激光无线能量传输的实际应用提供了借鉴意义。     

德州仪器针对工业应用推出模拟电流／电压输出驱动器

<正>日前,德州仪器宣布推出一款针对工业级可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)等工业应用与工艺控制设备的数控电流／电压输出驱动器。XTR300的输出电压高达±17V,电流达到± 24mA,可满足几乎所有标准模拟信号的传输要求。由于     

一种改进型高增益Π源DC-DC变换器

针对传统Π源DC-DC变换器输入电流不连续、升压能力不强、电路效率低等问题,提出了一种改进型Π源DC-DC变换器拓扑,在保留传统Π源DC-DC变换器所有优点的同时,新的拓扑利用由电容、电感和二极管构成的无源吸收回路来吸收漏感能量,从而抑制输出电压尖峰。该网络不仅具有更高的电压增益,而且连续的输入电流特性使其能够应用于现代能源系统。对网络的电路结构和工作原理进行分析,并用仿真和实验进行了验证,仿真和实验结果证明了该变换器的有效性及其作为高升压DC-DC转换器应用的可行性。     

单相正弦波逆变电源

本系统实现输入直流电压15V,输出交流电压有效值10V,额定功率10W,交流电压频率在20至100Hz可步进调整。以MSP430单片机为控制核心,产生SPWM波控制全桥电路,然后经过LC滤波电路得到失真度小于0.5%的正弦波。采用PID算法反馈控制使输出交流电压负载调整率低于1%,采用开关电源作为辅助电源、合理选用MOSFET等使系统效率达到90%,采用输入电流前馈法来估计输出电流以实现过流保护以及自恢复功能。     

基于电磁感应的无线充电接收电路设计

传统的有线充电方式有许多缺点,如机械老化、漏电和占用空间等,无线充电方式可以解决上述问题,具有良好的实用性和发展前景。本文基于电磁感应和等效电路理论,建立串并型双共振无线充电系统仿真模型,并搭建无线充电系统接收端样机,实验测试表明本文设计的电路能够接收发射端传输的电压电流信号,并且保持同步,输出电压稳定。     

闭环曲率补偿的低电源电压带隙基准源的设计

这篇文章提出了一种低电源电压高温度稳定性的带隙基准源.这种基准源主要思路是将输出基准电压反馈回曲率补偿回路,从而建立了一个闭环反馈回路.在这个闭环回路中,一方面,输出电压的温度系数越低,补偿电路就可以产生更准确地补偿电流,从而更加完全的抵消掉具有温度依赖的对数项;另一方面,如果补偿电路将对数项抵消得更彻底,输出电压的温度系数就会更低,这就形成了一种静态的正反馈.因而通过不断的调节补偿电阻,可以完全抵消掉对数项,实现高温度稳定性的基准源.同时利用电平移位技术为基准源设计了一个适合低电压工作的运算放大器.基于标准的0.18μmCMOS工艺设计了一种基准源电路.仿真结果表明这种基准源可以工作在电源电压从0.8V到1.8V,输出基准电压Vref的电压偏差只有0.87mV/V,在-20到80度温度范围内,Vref的温度系数为0.63ppm/oC.     

A robust low quiescent current power receiver for inductive power transmission in bio implants

In this paper, a robust low quiescent current complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) power receiver for wireless power transmission is presented. This power receiver consists of three main parts including rectifier, switch capacitor DC–DC converter and low-dropout regulator (LDO) without output capacitor. The switch capacitor DC–DC converter has variable conversion ratios and synchronous controller that lets the DC–DC converter to switch among five different conversion ratios to prevent output voltage drop and LDO regulator efficiency reduction. For all ranges of output current (0–10 mA), the voltage regulator is compensated and is stable. Voltage regulator stabilisation does not need the off-chip capacitor. In addition, a novel adaptive biasing frequency compensation method for low dropout voltage regulator is proposed in this paper. This method provides essential minimum current for compensation and reduces the quiescent current more effectively. The power receiver was designed in a 180-nm industrial CMOS technology, and the voltage range of the input is from 0.8 to 2 V, while the voltage range of the output is from 1.2 to 1.75 V, with a maximum load current of 10 mA, the unregulated efficiency of 79.2%, and the regulated efficiency of 64.4%.     

Multi-load constant current charging technology for wireless charging system

ABSTRACT

In wireless charging system, limited by the coupling effect between the loads and the change of the equivalent impedance of the battery, it becomes difficult to provide efficient and stable energy supply for multiple load devices. In this paper, a multi-load constant current charging technology for wireless charging system is proposed, which combines the primary side control and the secondary side control to achieve quick charge for multiple load batteries at the same time. The system reduces the influence of interference factors by designing the primary side control module and the transmission structure, to ensure sufficient and stable transmission of energy. And utilising the secondary side control module to charge the battery with constant current, which increases the charging speed, and reduces the impact of battery impedance changes on the system’s transmission state. It is verified by experiments that when charging four 1.2 V Ni-MH batteries, the receiver at different positions within the coverage of the transmitting coil can achieve 100mA constant current charging for the battery and the output voltage fluctuation range of each receiver is within 0.2 V, and the working efficiency of the system can reach 70%.     

A high efficiency transmitter and receiver for magnetic resonant wireless battery charging system in 0.35 μm BCD

This paper presents a transmitter and receiver for magnetic resonant wireless battery charging system. In the receiver, a wide-input range CMOS multi-mode active rectifier is proposed for a magnetic resonant wireless battery charging system. The configuration is automatically changed with respect to the magnitude of the input AC voltage. The output voltage of the multi-mode rectifier is sensed by a comparator. Furthermore, the configuration of the multi-mode rectifier is automatically selected by switches as original rectifier mode, 1-stage voltage multiplier or 2-stage voltage multiplier mode. As a result, a rectified DC voltage is output from 7.5 to 19 V for an input AC voltage of 5–20 V. In the transmitter, a class-E power amplifier (PA) with an automatic power control loop and load compensation circuit is proposed to improve the power efficiency. The transmitted power is controlled by adjusting the signal applied to the gate of the power control transistor. In addition, a parallel capacitor is also controlled to enhance the efficiency and compensate for the load variation. This chip is implemented using 0.35 μm BCD technology with an active area of around 5,000 × 2,500 μm. When the magnitude of the input AC voltage is 10 V, the power conversion efficiency of the multi-mode active rectifier is about 94 %.The maximum power efficiency of the receiver is about 70 %. The transmitter provides an output power control range of 10–30.2 dBm. The maximum power efficiency of the PA is 71.5 %.     

Wide input range,high-efficiency magnetic resonant wireless power receiver

This article presents a full-CMOS receiver for magnetic resonant wireless battery charging system. A wide-input range CMOS multi-mode active rectifier is proposed for a magnetic resonant wireless battery charging system. The configuration is automatically changed with respect to the magnitude of the input AC voltage. The output voltage of the multi-mode rectifier is sensed by a comparator. Furthermore, the configuration of the multi-mode rectifier is automatically selected by switches as original rectifier mode, one-stage voltage multiplier or two-stage voltage multiplier mode. As a result, a rectified DC output voltage is from 7.5 to 19 V for an input AC voltage of 5–20 V. This chip is implemented using 0.35 μm BCD technology with an active area of around 5 × 2.5 mm². When the magnitude of the input AC voltage is 10 V, the power conversion efficiency of the multi-mode active rectifier is about 94%.The efficiency of the receiver is about 60% when the distance between the transmitter and receiver is about 1 m.     

高效率激光无线能量传输系统闭环控制研究

为了实现高效率激光无线能量传输系统的研究,基于Simulink建立了激光无线能量传输系统的闭环控制仿真模型,实现了激光光伏阵列的最大功率点追踪、降压电路搭建和锂电池智能充电控制,并结合激光光伏阵列的输出特性和锂电池多阶段恒流充电方法的特性,提出了一种基于激光功率密度闭环信号控制的新型锂电池多阶段恒流充电方法。结果表明,该方法不仅可以实现传统锂电池多阶段恒流充电效果,而且节省了62.9%的光能,系统转换效率提高了62.96%。该结果对研究高效率激光无线能量传输系统是有帮助的。     

激光传能协同信号传输下的太阳能电池性能测试

激光无线能量传输在为远距离设备供能方面有着潜在的应用前景,在激光无线传能的同时进行激光无线通讯,具有重要的应用价值。针对砷化镓太阳能电池,对激光传能系统在无线能量传输时激光无线通讯性能进行了测试。实验采用波长808 nm激光实现砷化镓太阳能电池的能量传输,采用波长650 nm激光作为信号的传输,分别对单能量传输、单信号传输以及能量和信号同步传输三种情况下的砷化镓太阳能电池的输出特性进行了测试。结果表明:当单能量传输时,太阳能电池的性能与激光功率密度的大小密切相关,激光功率密度在54.9~90 mW/cm2范围内光电转换效率最大值为46.6%;当单信号传输时,通过测量系统的频率响应得到砷化镓太阳能电池的3 dB带宽约为3.7 kHz,并通过设计放大电路提高系统的通信性能,优化输出波形,使得系统的通信速率从10 kbps提升至240 kbps,输出电压峰峰值达到7.2 V。最后实验测量了不同激光强度下可实现的通信速率,当激光功率密度为59.5 mW/cm2时可实现140 kbps的通信速率,使得激光充电系统在无线能量传输下可以进行信号的传输。     

一种基于新型同步算法的脉冲UWB能量检测接收器设计

在RFID和无线传感器网络等应用系统中,脉冲UWB(IR-UWB)技术的低功耗和低成本特点具有很大的优势。为了有效地降低功耗和成本,采用了一种基于能量检测,使用开关键控(OOK)调制的IR-UWB接收器,提出了一种使用能量补偿与自适应门限的新型同步与检测算法,此算法降低了接收器的能耗与硬件复杂度。通过对该接收器的仿真及用FPGA硬件实现,表明此算法降低了同步时的功耗及前导序列长度,提高了传输效率,同时保持了系统性能。测试结果表明此接收器架构能够满足在数据率10Mb/s时,功耗仅为1nJ/bit左右,具有低功耗、低复杂度的特点。     

Analysis and design of power efficient semi-passive RFID tag

The analysis and design of a semi-passive radio frequency identification(RFID) tag is presented.By studying the power transmission link of the backscatter RFID system and exploiting a power conversion efficiency model for a multi-stage AC-DC charge pump,the calculation method for semi-passive tag's read range is proposed.According to different read range limitation factors,an intuitive way to define the specifications of tag's power budget and backscatter modulation index is given.A test chip is implemen...     

基于STM32F103ZET6的程控单相AC-DC变换电路设计

本设计以STM32F103ZET6微控制器和功率因数校正芯片UCC28019为核心,搭建了基于功率因数校正（PFC）的升压式（Boost）拓扑结构AC-DC变换电路,负载调整率和电压调整率均接近规定要求。芯片UCC28019内部采用电压外环和电流内环的双环控制策略,使输出电压稳定在36 V;单片机STM32F103ZET6通过功率因数测量电路实时测出功率因数并且测量误差绝对值不低于0.03。系统的功率因数大于0.98,电路效率接近95%,且具有过流保护和自动启动的功能。     

Low-power CMOS/BiCMOS drivers and receivers for on-chipinterconnects

Novel low-voltage swing CMOS and BiCMOS driver/receiver circuits for low-power VLSI applications are proposed. Interconnect wire drivers with low output signal swing are employed. Special receivers provide single and double level conversion while minimizing the total driver/receiver transmission delay. These level converters have no DC power dissipation. At 3.3 V power supply voltage, the proposed circuits consume less power without delay penalty. The power saving is observed to be as high as 30%. At lower supplies further power and delay improvements are observed