钛合金微弧氧化陶瓷层的结构研究

利用微弧氧化技术,采用甘油磷酸钙和乙酸钙混合电解液体系,在Ti6Al4V钛合金表面制备了陶瓷涂层,对涂层的结构、形貌及表面特性进行了综合研究．结果表明,Ti6Al4V钛合金表面微孤氧化层为富含Ca,P元素的粗糙多孔结构．随电压的升高,表面微孔尺寸和深度增加,表面粗糙度增大．微弧氧化层主要由金红石型TiO2和锐钛矿型TiO2构成,Ca,P则以无定形态钙磷酸盐和少量羟基磷灰石2种物相形式存在．随电压升高,金红石和羟基磷灰石含量增加,锐钛矿减少．微弧氧化后Ti6Al4V钛合金表面的显微硬度提高,最大可提高近2．4倍．     

Ti基体上形成微弧氧化膜组成和结构的研究

在甘油磷酸钙和醋酸钙电解液中采用直流电源对纯Ti进行了微弧氧化。采用微弧氧化方法所制备的氧化膜具有粗糙多孔的结构,且微孔直径随着电压的增加而增大。AES分析表明在基体与氧化膜界面发生了扩散,从基体钛到氧化膜的表面氧的浓度逐渐增大,钛的浓度逐渐减小。XPS分析表明氧化膜的组成随着所施加的微弧氧化电压而改变,微弧氧化电压为200V时TiO2、Ti2O3和TiO占Ti的原子百分比分别为72．61％、22．08％和5.31％;当微弧氧化电压为350V时氧化膜表面Ti元素只由TiO2、Ti2O3组成,且占Ti的原子百分比分别为85．48％、14．52％。     

氧化时间对钛合金微弧氧化膜层的影响

为增强钛合金的生物活性,选用磷酸盐为电解液的主配方,对钛合金进行微弧氧化表面处理,研究氧化时间对微弧氧化膜层的影响,其中包括氧化过程中电解液中钛离子浓度的变化,并借助XRD,SEM等手段对膜层进行物相及表面形貌的分析。结果表明:在微弧氧化过程中,钛合金基体中的钛离子溶解到电解液中;随着氧化时间的增加,电解液中的钛离子浓度也随之增加,氧化膜层为金红石和锐钛矿的混合晶相;但随着氧化时间的增加,氧化膜层中的金红石型晶相逐渐减少直至消失,表面形貌出现孔径不均匀,粗糙度变大等现象。     

钛表面原位生长TiO2膜及其光催化活性

为提高钛表面原位生长TiO2膜层的光催化活性,研究了电流密度(3、5、10、15 A/dm2)对所得膜层光催化活性的影响.用SEM和XRD分析膜层表面形貌和结构,发现随着电流密度的增加,膜层微孔增多而且膜层中二氧化钛含量增多.用所得膜层光催化降解罗丹明B,发现当电流密度为10 A/dm2时,膜层具有较高的光催化活性,这归功于膜层比表面积增加,而且膜层是由以锐钛矿型为主晶相同时含有少量金红石型二氧化钛组成.     

TC4合金微弧氧化及膜层生物活性探究

对TC4钛合金进行微弧氧化处理,制备出TiO_2陶瓷膜,通过对陶瓷膜进行热处理,引导亚稳相锐钛矿向稳定相金红石的转变并研究了物相变化对陶瓷膜生物活性的影响。采用XRD、SEM、EDS等手段分析了热处理后及模拟体液培养后膜层的微观形貌及物相组成。分析结果表明,膜层的物相为锐钛矿与金红石相共存,随着热处理温度的升高,金红石相相对含量增多。模拟体液培养结果表明,随着金红石相对含量增加,膜层表面类球状羟基磷灰石分布均匀性下降,数量减少,膜层生物活性呈下降趋势。     

铸造纯钛表面微弧氧化工艺研究

微弧氧化技术可以有效地改善钛合金的表面性能.实验以Na3PO4.12H2O为电解质对铸造纯钛进行微弧氧化.结果表明,不同电压的微弧氧化效果不同,铸造纯钛的微弧氧化的最佳工艺参数为电压275V,电解质浓度15g/L,时间15min.纯钛微弧氧化后表面为一层为致密和一层带有微孔的双层TiO2氧化膜,氧化膜是由于火花放电和排出气体形成的.     

Al-Si合金Al2O3-ZrO2微弧氧化涂层生长机理研究

为了解决Al2O3微弧氧化层不能满足Al-Si合金使用要求的问题,采用微弧氧化法在Al-Si合金表面制备了Al2O3-ZrO2复合膜层,通过SEM、XRD分析测试手段研究膜层的微观表面形貌、组织结构和相组成.结果显示:微弧氧化初期,陶瓷层生长速率较快且反应速率稳定,反应后期陶瓷层生长速率减缓;陶瓷层微观表面形貌比较均匀,有部分放电微孔和裂纹;陶瓷层与金属基体呈犬牙状交错结合;陶瓷层的主要相组成是t-ZrO2、α?Al2O3、m-ZrO2、γ?Al2O3,其中t-ZrO2为膜层主晶相.并根据实验结果研究了微弧氧化涂层的生长机理.     

磷酸盐浓度对微弧氧化陶瓷膜耐腐蚀性能的影响

为探讨Ti6Al4V合金在不同浓度磷酸盐体系中进行微弧氧化(MAO)后的性能,本实验利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、涡流测厚仪以及电化学工作站等对生成膜层的物相组成、显微形貌、厚度以及耐腐蚀性能等进行研究.结果表明:所制备的微弧氧化膜结构呈表面粗糙,内部致密,含锐钛矿、金红石以及少量羟基磷灰石.随磷酸二氢钾浓度升高,金红石及羟基磷灰石相增多;微弧氧化膜厚度增大到一定值后不再发生变化;微弧氧化致密层与疏松层比例发生变化,增厚的疏松层表面孔增多且孔径增大,降低了膜层的耐腐蚀性能.     

微弧氧化时间及添加剂浓度对TC4合金微弧氧化膜的影响

采用微弧氧化技术在TC4合金表面制备陶瓷氧化膜,用扫描电镜(SEM)及X射线衍射仪(XRD)研究微弧氧化时间和添加剂浓度对膜层表面形貌及其指标和物相组成的影响。结果表明,当微弧氧化时间由10min增加至40min时,膜层表面的粗糙度增加,其厚度由8. 6μm增加至14. 3μm,表面孔密度减小,膜层中金红石相的含量增加。随着添加剂浓度由3g/L增加至7. 5g/L,膜层的平整度及其厚度呈现明显的下降趋势,而孔隙率和表面孔密度两个指标则呈现增加趋势,这种影响在膜层的物相变化中并不明显。     

脉冲频率对钛合金微弧氧化膜层性能的影响

利用微弧氧化设备对钛合金进行表面改性,研究了不同脉冲频率下陶瓷膜层的相组成、表面形貌、耐腐蚀性及Ca、P比。结果表明,当脉冲频率发生变化时,微弧氧化后的膜层表面形貌会发生变化;而脉冲频率的增加,会使陶瓷膜相组成发生改变,锐钛矿型TiO2相对含量先增后减;当脉冲频率为650Hz时,膜层中Ca、P比为1.70,最接近羟基磷灰石的Ca、P比,此时陶瓷膜层的耐腐蚀性能也为最好。     

铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜研究

在硅酸盐电解液中采用微弧氧化法在2024铝合金表面形成氧化物陶瓷膜．分别用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪研究了陶瓷膜的组织形貌和相组成．相对致密均匀的膜层主要由α—Al2O3,γ-Al2O3和少量的非晶相物质组成．陶瓷层纳米硬度从内部到外部呈下降趋势．     

Effects of KMnO_4 on microstructure and corrosion resistance of microarc oxidation coatings on 2024 aluminum alloy

Microarc oxidation(MAO) coatings were prepared on 2024 aluminum alloy in a Na2SiO3-KOH electrolyte with KMnO4 addition varying from 0 to 4 g/L.The microstructure and phases of the coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffractometry(XRD),respectively.The corrosion resistance of MAO coatings was evaluated by electrochemical potentiodynamic polarization in 5%(mass fraction) NaCl solution.The results show that when KMnO4 is added into base electrolyte,the growth speed of oxide coatings is increased obviously.The main phase of oxide coatings is Al2O3,and the contents of MnO2 and Mn2AlO4 phases are increased at the top of oxide coatings with increasing the concentration of KMnO4.The solute elements participate in forming the oxide coatings.When a proper concentration of KMnO4(2.5 g/L) is added into the base solution,the micropores of the MAO coatings are small and compact,and the corrosion resistance of oxide coatings is increased largely.     

热处理对锐钛矿/金红石混晶TiO2质量分数及光催化性能的影响

采用溶胶凝胶法制备锐钛矿/金红石混合晶型TiO₂,通过晶体结构、表面形貌、元素组成以及光催化性能分析研究热处理对锐钛矿/金红石混晶TiO₂质量分数以及光催化性能的影响。实验结果表明:热处理温度升高以及保温时间延长都能促进锐钛矿向金红石转变,使金红石含量增加;混晶TiO₂的光催化性能高于单一的锐钛矿和金红石TiO₂;550 ℃保温3 h样品有最佳的光催化性能,其锐钛矿的质量分数为40%,金红石质量分数为60%,反应3 h后对罗丹明B的降解率达到84.1%。     

Surface characteristics and structure of oxide films containing Ca and P on Ti substrate

The oxide films were obtained in an electrolyte of calcium glyeerphosphate (Ca-GP) and calcium acetate (CA) by mieroare oxidation (MAO). The oxide films displayed a porous and rough structure on the film surface, and the roughness tended to increase with inereasing voltage of mieroare oxidation. The oxide film exhibited a uniform coating and tends to be well boned to the substrate. The thiekness of oxide films depended on the final voltage at a eonstant concentration of eleetrolyte solution. Ca and P were also incorporated into the oxide film during the mieroarc oxidation process, It was found that the electrolyte of ealeium glyeerphosphate ( Ca-GP) and ealeium acetate (CA) was suitable for microarc oxidation to form oxide film eontaining Ca and P on Ti substrate. The eoneentration of Ca and P were 11.6 at% and 6. 4 at% , respectively, when microare oxidation was performed in the electrolyte of 0. 06 M Ca-GP and 0. 25 M CA at current density 50 A/m^2 and final voltage 350 V. The composition of the Ca, P and Ti changed during depth profiling. The crystalline phases were only anatase when final voltage was below 300 V and rutile was presented when voltage was up to 350V. The microstructure, phase structure and phase composition were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) , atomic foree microscope (AFM) , energy dispersive X-ray mieroanalyser (EDX) , and X-ray diffraction (XRD),     

电参数对TC4钛合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜的影响

以恒压模式在Na2CO3-Na2SiO3的电解液中对TC4钛合金进行微弧氧化,研究微弧氧化电参数:正向电压、脉宽、脉间对陶瓷膜表面形貌、厚度、粗糙度的影响。结果表明:电压恒定时增加脉宽和脉间有利于提高陶瓷膜的致密性;降低正向电压,降低脉宽,增加脉间有利于得到较薄的钛合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜;降低正向电压,降低脉宽,增加脉间有利于钛合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜的粗糙度减小.     

Impact fatigue behavior of ZrN/Zr-N/Zr coatings on H13 steel by CFUBMSIP

ZrN/Zr-N/Zr coatings were deposited on H13 steel by close field unbalanced magnetron sputtering ion plating （CFUBMSIP） technique. The effect of two main parameters such as OEM and bias voltage for the CFUBMSIP process on the microstructure, mechanical properties and impact fatigue behavior of the coatings was investigated. The results indicate that with OEM increasing from 55% to 65% the surface particles size of the coatings increases while it remains almost similar when the bias voltage changes from 60 to 75 V. An aggregation of the particles occurs on the coatings surface, with further increasing the OEM and bias voltage to 75% and 90 V, respectively. The coatings show a columnar grain structure and are mainly composed of two phases of ZrN and Zr. The coating hardness decreases with OEM value increasing and both the coating hardness and modulus go up with bias voltage. The coating deposited under OEM of 65% and bias voltage of 75 V shows the best impact fatigue property.     

Effect of attapulgite added in plating bath on the properties of Ni/TiC nano-composite coatings

Pure copper plates were coated by Ni-TiC dipulse current plating method. The effects of adding different concentration(ranging from 0.5 g/L to 3.0 g/L) of attapulgite nano particles to the plating bath on the surface morphology, wear resistance, and oxidation resistance of Ni/TiC/Attapulgite nano-composite coatings were investigated. The experimental results show that the composite coating is flat and compact with adding 3.0 g/L in the bath, and the coating preferred orientation is changed from the planes (111) to (200). The coefficient of the composite coatings decreases from 0.68 to 0.18 with increasing content of attapulgite in the bath, a mixed mode of adhesive-abrasive wear occurs for all coatings, and the wear mechanism shows a transition from adhesive-abrasive to predominantly abrasive wear mechanism when the concentration of attapulgite is beyond 1.5 g/L in electrolyte. The oxidation resistance of composite coatings is the best prepared when adding attapulgite particles at 0.5 g/L in the bath, the oxide mainly consists of a NiO phase by X-ray analysis.     

微弧氧化过程中不同阶段超声波作用对陶瓷层的影响

研究发现在微弧氧化过程中引入超声波作用能够提高陶瓷层生长速率和质量。本文通过在微弧氧化过程的不同阶段引入超声波作用,将超声波引入时间细化,来研究超声波对不同时期微弧氧化的作用。利用XRD、SEM以及电化学分析等方法对陶瓷层断面形貌、元素含量分布、相组成、表面形貌和耐蚀性进行了分析,结果表明超声波对微弧氧化各阶段都有影响。超声波的引入促进陶瓷层厚度的增加,尤其是在后期引入超声波,厚度增加最大;前期引入超声波,陶瓷层内γ-A12O3含量增加,Si、P元素含量最高,陶瓷层质量最好,耐蚀性能也最好;后期引入超声波陶瓷层内α-A12O2相含量最高。     

Effect of Auxiliary Gas Flow Parameters on Microstructure and Properties of Ta Coatings Prepared by Three-Cathode Atmosphere Plasma Spraying

Based on the three-cathode plasma spraying system, tantalum (Ta) coatings were prepared on the substrate of CuCrZr alloy. The effects of different auxiliary gas (helium) flow rates on the microstructure, phase composition, mechanical and wear resistance properties of Ta coatings were studied. The results showed that the oxidation degree of the coatings decreases first and then increases with the increase of the auxiliary gas flow. When the auxiliary gas flow rate is 70 L·min–1, the oxidation degree of the coating is the lowest, minimum value of the porosity is 0.21%, and the bonding strength reaches the maximum, 59.3 MPa. At this time, the coating wear rate is 0.0012 mm3·N–1·m–1 with the best wear resistance. This indicates that the auxiliary gas flow has an important influence on the quality and surface mechanical properties of tantalum coating.