共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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介绍了胶团强化超滤技术(Micelleenhanced uhrafiltration,MEUF)的原理、膜的选择、主要影响因素和存在的问题及改进方向,着重阐述了胶团强化超滤在废水处理方面的应用及研究进展。 相似文献
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近年来,水处理工艺的革新日新月异,水处理设备也是种类繁多层出不穷。新工艺与新设备的出现直接影响着我们的生活。随着多种新技术的逐渐成熟及广泛应用,也让水处理这一古老的课题焕发出勃勃的生机。研究一种用超滤膜与表面活性剂相结合处理含微量金属离子废水的新技术.胶束强化超滤(MEUF).探讨影响去除效果的各种因素,并指出了存在的问题,实验结果表明该技术具有较好的应用前景。 相似文献
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采用胶团强化超滤(MEUF)-泡沫分离(FF)组合工艺,对含镉重金属废水进行深度处理.探讨了两种技术联用对分离效果的影响.结果表明,表面活性剂SDS和金属Cd2 离子浓度对分离效果有很大的影响.MEUF-FF联用后,大大降低了表面活性剂SDS用量,节省了经济成本.相比于单一的MEUF,MEUF-FF联用后能降低出水中SDS浓度,显著提高Cd2 分离效率.经过组合工艺处理后,Cd2 出水的浓度小于0.1mg/L,满足国家污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996). 相似文献
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本研究工作分两部分:增溶和超滤。首先,用正交实验的方法研究阴、阳、非离子三种不同类型的表面活性剂增溶废永中的二氯乙烷以确定最佳表面活性剂种类、投加浓度、增溶振荡时间和平衡静置时间。正交实验结果表明:表面活性剂浓度越高,对二氯乙烷的去除率也越高;实验所选的三种表面活性剂对二氯乙烷的去除率由高到低的顺序依次为:非离子、阳离子、阴离子表面活性剂;表面活性剂种类和投加浓度对二氯乙烷的去除率影响最大,振荡时间其次,静置时间影响最小。其次,用不同截留分子量的超痣膜超滤测得胶团强化超滤法对二氯乙烷去除率在60%~90%。 相似文献
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纳滤去除水中的有害离子 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
本文综述了纳滤去除饮用水和重金属废水中的有毒有害离子的应用研究,阐述了纳滤膜对无机盐的截留效果主要取决于膜对离子的电荷效应,表现在对多价离子的截留率高于单价离子。利用纳滤膜这种分离性能,可以去除部分饮用水中微量的有害单价离子(如NO2^-、NO3^-、F^-等)和大部分的有毒二价离子(如HAsO4^2-和重金属离子),获取优质安全的饮用水;也可以用于处理重金属废水,能有效去除废水中的重金属离子。将纳滤和反渗透集成用于重金属废水处理,可以做到对有毒重金属离子的回收利用和出水回用,实现清洁生产,既具经济效益,又具环境效益,在工程实际中极具推广应用价值。 相似文献
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《分离科学与技术》2012,47(18):2435-2450
Abstract Conventional treatment methods for removal of heavy metals from metal finishing operations are usually energy-intensive and costly. Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) with synthetic surfactants is a recently developed technique which can remove heavy metals and other small molecular weight ions from wastestreams at relatively lower costs and without a phase change. Lecithin, a natural, inexpensive, nontoxic, and biodegradable surfactant exhibits emulsifying characteristics which can be used in a MEUF. The binding of various lecithins to cadmium, copper, lead, nickel, and zinc—in a mixture and individually—was studied using a continuous diafiltration method. This technique uses small volumes of toxic waters and produces an entire isotherm with just one experiment. In the presence of all five heavy metals, the lecithin in this study showed the following affinity: Cu > Cd ~ Zn > Ni. In experiments when only one metal was present, lecithin exhibited the following affinity: Ni > Cu ~ Zn > Cd. Lead was not bound significantly in either scenario. 相似文献
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用电导法对十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)的临界胶团浓度(CMC)进行了研究,考虑了温度、pH值、金属离子(Cd2+、Zn2+、Pb2+)浓度变化以及SDS和3种非离子表面活性剂(Brij35、TritonX-100、APG)的复配对溶液CMC值的影响。结果表明,随温度升高,pH值上升,金属离子浓度增加以及Brij35/SDS、TritonX-100/SDS、APG/SDS混合体系配比的增加,溶液CMC值减小。特别当复配比在0.13~1时,CMC值的下降趋势非常明显。这一结果为采用胶团强化超滤技术处理电解锌废水时SDS最佳添加量的确定提供了有效的依据。 相似文献
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《分离科学与技术》2012,47(6):802-810
This study was undertaken to check the possibility of using micellar enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) in the removal of chromium(III) ions from water systems. The influence of ion concentration in the feed, type of surfactant (SDS or Rofam 10), and the membrane material on separation efficiency were studied and discussed. The use of environmentally safer surfactants from renewable sources was proposed, that is, oxyethylated rape fatty acid methyl esters – trade name: Rofam 10. The results presented show the possibility of using MEUF as an effective method for removing chromium(III) ions from aqueous solutions, especially from solutions of low concentration. 相似文献
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Jinhui Huang Liuxia Liu Guangming Zeng Xue Li Lei Peng Fei Li Yongbing Jiang Yong Zhao Xiaolong Huang 《Desalination》2014
Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) is a promising technology developed for treating the wastewater containing metal ions or organic pollutants. One of the greatest problems in MEUF is membrane fouling which is mainly caused by concentration polarization, gel layer or cake formation caused by the deposition of surfactant micelles on the membrane surface and surfactant adsorption in the membrane interior. In this study, surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), which was used in membrane separation as colloidal particles, caused the flux decline. The transmembrane pressure (TMP) and feed concentration of SDS had significant influences on the flux. This paper presented that the lower TMP had a smaller effect on membrane fouling, and when SDS concentration was around the critical micelle concentration (CMC), lower permeate flux and higher additional membrane fouling resistance were obtained. The effects of three kinds of hydraulic flushing methods on membrane permeate flux were investigated, including periodic forward flushing, periodic backwashing and forward flushing followed by backwashing. It was found that when the periodic combined flushing interval was 10 min, forward flushing and backwashing phase times were 150 s and 90 s, respectively, and that combined flushing was more conductive to permeate flux recovery in this study. 相似文献
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DTC改性壳聚糖的合成及其对重金属捕集性能的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文对壳聚糖(CTS)进行化学改性,合成了一种重金属捕集剂-二硫代氨基甲酸改性壳聚糖(DTC—CTS)。根据CTS本身的溶解性能,及反应动力学、热力学等特点实验探讨了影响合成DTC—CTS的因素:反应介质、反应物浓度、碱度、温度、时间、反应物的投加速度等,并确定了适宜的合成方法。文章研究了DTC-CTS与未改性的CTS对水溶液中重金属捕集性能的差别。实验表明,与未改性的CTS相比,DTC—CTS捕集重金属的性能更好,可以在更宽的pH范围内使用,捕集重金属的数量更大。可以预见,对于含有重金属的工业废水,DTC—CTS是一种优良的重金属捕集剂。 相似文献