电力系统备用电源自投装置实施方案研究

介绍备用电源备自投装置的几种接线运行方式,分析每种运行方式下备用电源自投装置的实施方案,以及如何避免备自投装置动作造成电网事故的发生.     

备用电源自动投入方案设计

备用电源自动投入装置的正确应用，可以提高电网供电的可靠性，广泛应用于厂用电系统和配电网络中。论述了备自投的作用、基本要求、典型接线和实现方式。备自投方案的设计应按照系统的特殊要求进行，尽可能提高对用户不间断供电，保证网络电源点出力的连续与可靠。     

备用电源自投装置在主电源未失电情况下误动作的原因分析

备用电源自投装置广泛应用于我国供电企业中,备用电源自投装置的正确动作及闭锁可以保障电网的供电可靠性,而误动作则会影响到电网的安全运行。基于此,本文就我国某地区的一起备用电源自投装置在主电源未失电情况下的误动作为例,分析了备用电源自投装置在主电源未失电情况下误动作的原因,并给出了相应的解决措施。目的是帮助供电企业避免备用电源自投装置出现误动作。     

基于PLC的备自投试验仪的研制与应用

备自投是广泛应用于电网中的自动装置,它的作用是在变电站失去工作电源时,自动将备用电源投入,保证可靠供电.对备自投的检验必须将与其相关联的线路全部停电,进行整组传动试验,以验证其控制逻辑的正确性.但运行中往往会因停电困难而不能进行,导致检验项目不完整,其正确性得不到保证.针对这一问题,以PLC和触摸屏为核心元件,研制了一种备自投校验仪,仪器能在电源不停电状态下完成对备自投逻辑的完整检验,确保备自投在电网故障时能可靠、正确动作,提高供电可靠性.     

浅析备自投装置正常运行时的操作注意事项

备自投装置是指在工作电源出现问题时,能够充当备用电源来使用的一种自动化装置。本文从备自投装置的原理出发,然后分析了设计备自投装置和主变备自投装置的注意事项,最后提出改进措施,为以后工作提供借鉴和指导。     

考虑备自投投退控制策略的软件开发

备用电源自动投入装置（简称备自投）对电力系统的安全可靠供电有重要意义。制定备自投的投退控制策略时要充分考虑多个备自投之间的组合以及上下级配合问题。该文章介绍了备自投在110kv电网中的设置及自动投切的方式和逻辑;指出了在投切过程中应注意的问题及解决对策。算例分析表明能有效处理发生故障情况时的备自投装置投退组合问题。     

备自投装置异常动作问题探讨

供电网络为了保证供电可靠性,在变电站内通常会配置备用电源自动投入装置,简称备自投装置。当系统电源因为故障失电后,能快速自动将备用电源投入使用,保证供电的连续可靠性。备自投装置主要用于110kV及以下的中、低压配电系统中,在纯负荷变电站的220kV供电网络中也有配置。当变电站低压侧带有电源时,备自投的逻辑将受到影响,无法按照定值设定的时间动作,对供电稳定性和可靠性带来了一定的影响。本文结合某220kV负荷变电站备自投的实际动作情况,对这一问题进行了分析,并尝试提出一些解决方案。     

微机型备自投装置在焦煤电网的应用

煤矿的电力系统对供电的可靠性和连续性要求很高,因为一旦供电中断,变电站将无法正常运行,煤矿井下用电属一级负荷,突然的停电将造成人身伤亡、或将损坏主要设备且长期难以修复、或对企业经济带来巨大损失。备用电源自投装置,简称备自投,是能自动而迅速的将备用电源投入工作的装置,当工作电源失去电压时,备用电源自动投入,从而保证了供电的可靠性。     

浅析备自投装置正常运行吋的操作注意事项

备自投装置的目的是在出现故障造成工作电源断开时,其能作为备用电源及时投入运行,避免用户出现被停电的一种自动化装置。就装置原理而言,备自投装置并不复杂,其因为本身明显的供电可靠性优势,已经成为电力系统中不可缺少的一种装置。因此,本文对备自投装置在正常运行时必须注意几个主要问题进行分析,为其在电力系统中的应用提供依据。     

基于变电站自动化系统的10kV后台备自投研究及其应用

备用电源自动投入装置简称备自投,对于保障供电的可靠性有着至关重要的作用。随着智能化变电站的不断发展,10KV后台备自投供电系统向着信息化以及网络化的方向发展,在探索的道路上呈现出高效、稳定的趋势,被越来越多的地区所采用。在本文中,笔者结合自身经验,从变电站自动化系统备自投装置设计可行性出发,解释了了变电站10KV后备自投的启动条件和闭锁条件,分析了自动化变电站后备自投的实现方案,并在此基础上列举了后备自投的特殊问题处理,与同行共勉。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。