N对奥氏体不锈钢0Crl8Ni9N热塑性的影响

采用Gleeble 1500热模拟试验机研究了0.008 7%～0.1500%N对热轧0Cr18Ni9N钢(%:0.044～0.049C、0.41～0.51 si、1.46～1.52Mn、17.92～18.15Cr、9.09～9.24Ni、0.01～0.03Ti)以应变速率5×10-3s-1和18-1在800～1 300℃的拉伸和压缩性能的影响,并分析了N含量对该钢动态再结晶性能的影响.结果表明,随着N含量的增加,该钢断面收缩率显著下降,同时其最佳热塑性的温度区间提高;当N含量低于0.0500%时,最佳热塑性区间为950～1100℃;而当N含量为0.0800%～0.150 0%时,则为1150～1 250℃.     

铈对超级双相不锈钢00Cr25Ni7Mo4N热加工性能的影响

通过Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机对0～0.034%Ce的超级双相不锈钢00Cr25Ni7Mo4N(%:0.016～0.020C、24.50～24.72Cr、7.06～7.18Ni、3.61～3.73Mo、0.26～0.27N)进行了950～1 200℃、应变速率5×10-3s-1的热拉伸和变形量60%、应变速率1×10~0s~(-1)的热压缩试验。结果表明,适量铈的加入能提高00Cr25Ni7Mo4N钢的热塑性,铈含量为0.012%时有最好的热塑性;铈含量为0.021%以上时,该钢的峰值应力低于未加稀土钢;铈的加入有助于钢提前达到稳态流变阶段。     

铸态 00Cr22Ni5Mo3N 的热塑性

采用Gleeble1500对00Cr22Ni5Mo3N铸态试样进行了热拉伸和热压缩试验,找出了铸态00Cr22Ni5Mo3N的最佳热塑性温度区间为1 150～1 250 ℃,并且分析了该钢的热塑性与其组织、性能的关系.     

固溶处理对00Cr25Ni7Mo4N双相不锈钢组织和力学性能的影响

研究了真空感应炉(6.5 kg锭)熔炼的00Cr25Ni7Mo4N钢(%:0.007～0.009C、24.50～24.84Cr、6.92～6.99Ni、3.65～3.72Mo、0.27～0.30N)的相比例和固溶处理温度对钢的组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随固溶温度由1 050℃增至1 200℃,钢中铁素体含量由48%～50%提高至53%～55%。当固溶温度由1 050℃提高至1100℃,钢的强度下降,伸长率和冲击韧性增加,当固溶温度由1 100℃提高至1 200℃,钢的强度增加,伸长率和韧性降低,该钢最佳固溶温度为1 100℃±50℃。     

00Cr22Ni5Mo3N钢的热扭转性能

研究了00Cr22Ni5Mo3N双相不锈钢的热扭转性能,比较了N和Ni元素对该钢热扭转性能的影响,并采用Themo-Calc热力学软件进行了相关计算及分析.结果表明,在1 000～1 200℃,随变形温度升高,00Cr22Ni5Mo3N钢的热扭转塑性逐渐提高,当变形温度达到1 150～1 200℃时,该钢的热扭转塑性大幅度提高,而且N比Ni元素对钢热扭转塑性的影响更加显著.     

温度对Mn16Cr22Ni1.6N0.6高氮钢的热变形行为和组织的影响

通过Gleeble 1500D热模拟实验,研究了Mn16Cr22Ni1.6N0.6高氮奥氏体不锈钢(%:0.12C、22.05Cr、15.52Mn、1.64Ni、0.58N)在900～1 300℃,应变速率(ε)0.005 s~(-1)时拉伸热变形行为及其组织变化。结果表明,该高氮钢在1 100～1 250℃时塑性较好。1 220℃断面收缩率最大为59%。拉伸断口处组织的观察表明,900～1 000℃拉伸时,已发生再结晶,有较细的晶粒生成;1 000～1 100℃时,再结晶的晶粒长大,有锯齿状的晶界;1 100～1 300℃时有铁素体出现,而且随温度的升高,铁素体含量增多,1 300℃时晶界发生了融化现象。     

我国21-4N气阀钢的研究现状和发展趋势

21-4N(5Cr21Mn9Ni4N)钢为汽车发动机排气阀用奥氏体耐热钢，该钢主要通过碳、氮化物沉淀硬化，在700℃使用温度下具有高的强韧性和耐磨性，并具有冷热交变的组织稳定性和抗氧化性，广泛用于制造排气阀。由于21-4N钢的热变形温度范围窄，该钢最佳锻轧温度为1100～980℃，冷加工硬化效应强，变形抗力较1Cr18Ni9Ti钢高30％，在锻造、热轧、冷拔时易产生裂纹。冷拔时两道次变形量≤1．10，钢中冷轧代替冷拔，加入提高钢的热塑性的稀土等微量元素和控制工艺参数是降低钢材表面裂纹、提高成品率的主要措施。     

N含量对17-4PH马氏体时效不锈钢铁素体相和性能的影响

试验用17-4PH不锈钢(/%:0.02～0.03C,0.40～0.54Si,0.41～0.60Mn,0.018～0.026P,0.001S,15. 56～15. 75Cr,4. 31～4. 50Ni,3. 21～3.40Cu,0. 20～0. 25Nb,0. 013～0. 067N)采用20 t EAF+LF+VOD+ESR的工艺冶炼,锻造成Φ150 mm棒材。试验结果表明:钢中N含量由0.013%增加至0.067%时,钢中铁素体含量由0.5%增至6%,钢的强度、硬度升高,塑性降低。当N含量控制在0.020%～0.045%,钢中铁素体含量为1%～3%,经1040℃ 1h水冷+480℃  2 h空冷后,钢的力学性能合格;固溶态钢的HB硬度值≤325,优化了该材料的加工性能。     

重载齿轮钢的高温性能

 通过Gleeble 1500D热模拟试验机高温拉伸试验,对比研究了17Cr2Ni2MoVNb和17Cr2Ni2Mo钢的高温性能。结果表明：因微合金元素V（0.1%,质量分数,下同）、Nb（0.036%）产生细晶强化及固溶强化,17Cr2Ni2MoVNb 钢的抗拉强度比17Cr2Ni2Mo钢稍高。在低N（0.0057%）含量的17Cr2Ni2MoVNb钢中,V和Nb对热塑性的危害很小。而高N（0.0130%）含量的17Cr2Ni2Mo钢在600～900 ℃及1050～1200 ℃温度区间塑性低于17Cr2Ni2MoVNb钢。N含量及相变温度不同导致第二期AlN析出量不同及铁素体先后析出,是造成两试验钢塑性差别的主要原因。     

动车组车轴用钢EA1N的热压缩流变应力行为

试验用EA1N钢(/%:0.35C,0.30Si,0.90Mn,0.013P,0.008S,0.15Cr,0.10Ni,0.10Cu,0.04V,0.04Al)的冶金流程为60 t EBT EAF-LF-VD-下铸8.4 t方锭-车成150 mm×150 mn方坯。采用Gleeble-3800型热模拟机试验研究了EA1N钢在800~1 300℃、应变速率0.01~10 s~(-1)时的热压缩变形,分析该钢变形时的流变应力、应变速率及变形温度之间的关系,得出流变应力方程。结果表明,EA1N钢在热压缩变形时流变应力随应变速率提高而增大,随变形温度升高而降低,当温度高于1 100℃和应变速率大于1 s~(-1)时,该钢流变曲线呈现明显的动态再结晶特征。EA1N钢的热变形激活能为392.43 kJ/mol。     

N63-carboxamides of N15-alkyl and N15,N15-dialkyl derivatives of teicoplanin and deglucoteicoplanin

The synthesis and biological properties of a series of N63-carboxamides of 15-N-alkylated derivatives of teicoplanin A2 (CTA) and its aglycone (TD) are described. Among the compounds, those carrying hydrophilic groups or ionizable amino functions on the N15-alkyl chain are more soluble in water than parent N15-methylated or unmodified amides. Selected compounds were more active in vitro than CTA or TD, and a few of them were also slightly more efficacious in vivo than the parent antibiotics in streptococcal septicemia in the mouse. Their degree of activity varied with the structure and length of the N15-alkyl chains.     

Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of N1,N11-diethylnorspermine

The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of N1,N11-diethylnorspermine (DENSPM) is described. When administered to dogs as an intravenous bolus, DENSPM was shown to have a plasma half-life of 72.8 +/- 11.8 min, with an early distribution phase half-life of approximately 4 min and an apparent volume of distribution of 0.216 +/- 0.032 liter/kg. The renal clearance half-life was 59.7 +/- 7.6 min, with 48.8 +/- 12.5% of the drug recovered in the urine between 0-4 hr unchanged. In three other experiments, the drug was administered to dogs by constant rate intravenous infusion over periods ranging from 10 min to 2 hr. Analysis of plasma concentration-time data and urinary excretion data yielded pharmacokinetic parameters in general agreement with the intravenous bolus experiments. DENSPM metabolites were identified in both beagle dog and mouse tissues. Tissues were sampled from a single beagle 24 hr posttreatment, and rodent samples were examined at 12, 24, 48, and 96 hr posttreatment. Both the concentration of DENSPM and the metabolic profile were shown to vary in the lung, liver, spleen, and kidney. Although all the tissues examined contained DENSPM and its metabolites, the liver and kidney had the highest level of metabolites that included N1-ethylnorspermine, N1-ethylnorspermidine, N1-ethyl-1,3-diaminopropane, and norspermidine. These data suggest that DENSPM is metabolized by N-deethylation and step-wise removal of aminopropyl equivalents by spermine/spermidine N1-acetyltransferase/polyamine oxidase, a metabolic pathway unique to the polyamines.     

Diagnostic and prognostic usefulness of N1,N8-diacetylspermidine and N1,N12-diacetylspermine in urine as novel markers of malignancy

Recently, we found N1,N8-diacetylspermidine (Ac2Spd) and N1,N12-diacetylspermine (Ac2Spm) in human urine, and noted that their amount increased significantly in patients with urogenital malignancies. Previous findings that simultaneous reference to these diacetylpolyamines is useful in distinguishing cancer patients from healthy persons were confirmed by more recent analytical data on urine samples from several cancer patients. Further examination revealed that urinary Ac2Spm and Ac2Spd tended to decrease when cancer patients were treated and entered partial remission. In cases where the Ac2Spm and Ac2Spd levels were normal or near-normal after treatments, the prognosis of the patients was generally good. In contrast, when their level remained far above the normal limits after apparently effective treatment, the prognosis of the patients was poor. When a patient is in remission for more than 3 years, urinary levels of both Ac2Spm and Ac2Spd are stabilized and stay below the normal limits, with rare exceptions. The recurrence of a cancer as well as the complication of a second one during the period of follow-up examination was accompanied by elevation of urinary diacetylpolyamines. These observations indicate that urinary Ac2Spm and Ac2Spd are useful as prognostic indicators after treatment and during follow-up examination of cancer patients.     

Formation of Fe3N,Fe4N and Fe16N2 on the surface of iron

In order to clarify the phenomenon of nitride formation on the surface of iron, highly polished specimens of well refined and coarsened iron grains have nitrided in flowing H2 + NH3 gas. The morphology and the conditions for formation of Fe₃N are clarified; it forms only on the surface of {lll}_α or near {lll}_α grains and grows in {112}_α directions during nitriding treatment at temperatures between 450 and 550°C. Fe₁₆N₂ and Fe₄N are also formed preferentially on the surfaces of {00l}_α and {210}_α grains, respectively. It is suggested that these iron surfaces are those satisfying the coherency relationships between nitrides and iron matrices. The morphologies and the formation temperature regions of Fe₁₆N₂ and Fe₄N on the surface of iron are quite different to those observed in iron. In particular, Fe₁₆N₂, which has been generally accepted as metastable in bulk iron below 200°C, can exist even at temperatures from 450 to 500°C when it is formed on the surface of iron.