视频监控标准化最新进展

关注视频监控主流国际及国内标准化组织工作，分析了ITU-T、ONVIF、IEC、ISO、PSIA、HDcctv、IEEE、3GPP、ETSI、TC100、CCSA、AVS、全国信息技术标准化技术委员会等主要标准组织的视频监控相关标准化工作进展，介绍了视频监控系统、架构、设备、编解码、安全、智能应用、大数据应用、云存储、云计算、边缘存储、边缘计算等标准化研究最新进展。在此基础上，探讨了视频监控未来的产品研发方向和标准化内容，给出了视频监控标准化路线图，提出了未来的视频监控标准化及预研方向及建议。     

脉冲神经网络在运动目标检测中的应用

近几年,在智能监控系统中,广泛应用了基于生物视觉原理的运动目标检测与跟踪计算模型。这里提出一种基于神经轴突延迟机制,利用脉冲神经元网络模型对运动目标进行检测与跟踪的算法,该神经网络模型是利用轴突延迟脉冲神经网络模拟人类的视觉特性,从而提取运动目标,并具体分析脉冲神经元网络算法的实际意义。实验结果表明,该算法能够动态并行地进行运动目标提取,可通过硬件实现而应用于监控系统中。     

基于统计分类的多行人跟踪算法

为了使视频监控系统具备多行人自动跟踪能力,提出了一种基于统计分类的多行人跟踪算法。首先采用了背景差和Canny算子准确提取出运动区域,然后利用特征匹配实现帧间目标的对应,最后提出一种利用人体表面颜色空间分布信息的统计分类方法,完成合并或遮挡时多个行人的分离和单独跟踪。实验表明,在相互遮挡时,该算法也能有效地分割和跟踪多个行人,适于智能视觉监控应用。     

智能化技术在电气工程中的应用

随着电气工程以及自动化行业的蓬勃发展,自动化生产控制系统进一步与人工智能融合,根据电气工程的自动化特性,智能化设备已经能够实现故障实时监测、智能化设备故障检修、智能规划分析等功能,充分适应当前电气工程及其自动化行业的发展需要。文中基于智能化技术的概念,阐述了智能化技术在电气工程中的应用优势与实际应用效果。     

Video anomaly detection using CycleGan based on skeleton features

Anomaly detection is a challenging task in the field of intelligent video surveillance. It aims to identify anomalous events by monitoring the video captured by visual sensors. The main difficulty of this task is that the definition of anomalies is ambiguous. In recent years, most anomaly detection methods use a two-stage learning strategy, i.e., feature extraction and model building. In this paper, with the idea of refactoring, we propose an end-to-end anomaly detection framework using cyclic consistent adversarial networks (CycleGAN). Dynamic skeleton features are used as network constraints to alleviate the inaccuracy of feature extraction algorithms of a single generative adversarial network. In the training phase, only normal video frames and the corresponding skeleton features are used to train the generator and discriminator. In the testing phase, anomalous behaviors with high reconstruction errors can be filtered out by manually set thresholds. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time CycleGAN has been used for video anomaly detection. Experimental results on challenging datasets show that our method can accurately detect anomalous behaviors in videos collected by video surveillance systems and is comparable to the current state-of-the-art methods.     

国外智能视频监控的热点探究

随着智能视频监控在安全防范监控领域广泛应用,其相关技术备受国内外专家和研究人员的重视。智能视频监控作为一种综合技术,涉及多个科学领域知识。本文探讨当前国外智能视频监控的研究热点,总结归纳与其相关的研究领域,以期为国内智能视频监控的研究与发展提供借鉴。     

双目协同多分辨率主动跟踪方法

PTZ（pan-tilt-zoom）相机由于其具有可变视角和可变分辨率能力,在视频监控领域得到了广泛的应用。该文针对智能监控的需求,提出了一种基于双目PTZ相机的多分辨率主动跟踪方法。该方法分为离线标定和在线协同跟踪两部分。离线标定部分,提出了一种基于图像特征匹配的单目自标定和基于目标运动信息的双目自标定方法,该方法操作简单,无需标定物,在最大程度上减小了对人工干预的依赖,在此基础上推导了系统所具有的两个重要性质;在线协同跟踪部分,设计了一种分段静止的协同跟踪策略。通过实际监控场景下的视频实验,验证方法的有效性和可行性。实验结果表明,该方法可以在复杂环境下有效的主动跟踪目标,在智能监控领域具有较广泛的应用前景。     

变电站智能布点系统中摄像机安装方案

摄像机是变电站视频监控系统的前端设备,其正确合理的布点,对于发挥视频监控系统的遥视作用及保障变电站的安全可靠运行起重要作用。通过导入三维模型,生成变电站三维虚拟场景,建立布点规则知识库,在三维场景中对摄像机的监控范围进行计算和模拟展现。给出变电站中摄像机的安装数量、位置等,自动生成全站的摄像机安装方案,实现变电站摄像机布点的智能化。检验结果表明,本系统能有效消除摄像机可能存在的监控隐患,促进变电站遥视系统建设和运维技术的进步,提高远程巡检、智能联动的效率,具有较高的应用价值。     

变电站智能布点系统中摄像机安装方案

摄像机是变电站视频监控系统的前端设备,其正确合理的布点,对于发挥视频监控系统的遥视作用及保障变电站的安全可靠运行起重要作用。通过导入三维模型,生成变电站三维虚拟场景,建立布点规则知识库,在三维场景中对摄像机的监控范围进行计算和模拟展现。给出变电站中摄像机的安装数量、位置等,自动生成全站的摄像机安装方案,实现变电站摄像机布点的智能化。检验结果表明,本系统能有效消除摄像机可能存在的监控隐患,促进变电站遥视系统建设和运维技术的进步,提高远程巡检、智能联动的效率,具有较高的应用价值。     

Electrically Responsive Materials and Devices Directly Driven by the High Voltage of Triboelectric Nanogenerators

Smart materials with electrically responsive characteristics and devices relying on different electrostatic effects can be directly driven by triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). The open circuit voltage from a TENG can easily reach thousands of volts with a separation distance of a few millimeters and this high output voltage can be used to effectively drive or control some devices with high internal resistance. This kind of combination is the most straightforward way for achieving a self‐powered smart system. Hence, a detailed survey of electrically responsive materials and devices that can be successfully combined with TENG is summarized, including dielectric elastomers, piezoelectric materials, ferroelectric materials, electrostatic manipulators, electrostatic air cleaners, and field emission and mass spectrometers. Moreover, key factors in determining suitable materials or devices to work with TENG are clarified and an in‐depth discussion of the current challenges related to these combined systems is provided. With the cost‐effectiveness and simple manufacturing process, these TENG‐based composite systems have great application prospects in the field of smart mechanics, human–machine interaction systems, intelligent storage systems, self‐powered microfluidic chips, portable mass spectrometers, and so on.     

Application Potential of Multimedia Information Retrieval

This paper will first briefly survey the existing impact of multimedia information retrieval (MIR) in applications. It will then analyze the current trends of MIR research which can have an influence on future applications. It will then detail the future possibilities and bottlenecks in applying the MIR research results in the main target application areas, such as the consumer (e.g., personal video recorders, web information retrieval), public safety (e.g., automated smart surveillance systems), and professional world (e.g., automated meeting capture and summarization). In particular, recommendations will be made to the research community regarding the challenges that need to be met to make the knowledge transfer towards the applications more efficient and effective. It will also attempt to study the trends in the applications which can inform the MIR community on directing intellectual resources towards MIR problems which can have a maximal real-world impact.     

基于达芬奇技术的智能视频监控终端的开发

为了使监视系统具备自动检测与跟踪移动目标的能力,利用达芬奇技术开发了一种智能视频监控终端。实现了以双核芯片TMS320DM6446为主处理器的硬件平台,在达芬奇软件框架下设计了系统软件。提出的运动目标检测与跟踪算法,融合了背景减除和边缘检测技术分割出运动目标,利用目标特征匹配方法建立连续帧间目标的对应关系。测试表明,此终端实现了实时视频编码、运动目标的检测跟踪以及记录目标运动轨迹等功能。     

A survey of systems approaches to green design with illustrationsfrom the computer industry

Increased recognition of the importance of sustainable development is posing new challenges for industry. A systems approach provides a framework for reconciling the needs of sustainable development with all of the other demands on industry. The computer industry has been chosen to illustrate the application of a systems approach to green design in industry on account of both its increasing economic importance and the increasing role of computers in society. A brief discussion of the current environmental impact of the computer lifecycle is presented to set the context for the discussion of systems approaches to green design, and a survey of existing systems-based design approaches and discussion of their application to the computer industry is given. A number of examples are presented to illustrate the advantages and application of a systems approach to green design, and the principles as well as some of the main issues in a systems approach to green design in the computer industry are discussed     

Multi-view and multi-plane data fusion for effective pedestrian detection in intelligent visual surveillance

For the robust detection of pedestrians in intelligent video surveillance, an approach to multi-view and multi-plane data fusion is proposed. Through the estimated homography, foreground regions are projected from multiple camera views to a reference view. To identify false-positive detections caused by foreground intersections of non-corresponding objects, the homographic transformations for a set of parallel planes, which are from the head plane to the ground, are applied. Multiple features including occupancy information and colour cues are extracted from such planes for joint decision-making. Experimental results on real world sequences have demonstrated the good performance of the proposed approach in pedestrian detection for intelligent visual surveillance.     

Traffic accident prediction using 3-D model-based vehicle tracking

Intelligent visual surveillance for road vehicles is the key to developing autonomous intelligent traffic systems. Recently, traffic incident detection employing computer vision and image processing has attracted much attention. In this paper, a probabilistic model for predicting traffic accidents using three-dimensional (3-D) model-based vehicle tracking is proposed. Sample data including motion trajectories are first obtained by 3-D model-based vehicle tracking. A fuzzy self-organizing neural network algorithm is then applied to learn activity patterns from the sample trajectories. Finally, vehicle activity is predicted by locating and matching each partial trajectory with the learned activity patterns, and the occurrence probability of a traffic accident is determined. Experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.     

分布式网络性能智能监测系统的设计与实现

设计并实现了一种分布式网络性能智能监测系统。系统由很多分布式的客户端组成，可以监测跨交换机域网络。系统同时将神经网络算法引入到流量分析，形成了智能流量分析功能。最后提出了一种基于Hash表的可视化的入侵检测机制，可以简单直观实时地反应网络入侵。     

Image authentication techniques for surveillance applications

In automatic video surveillance (VS) systems, the issue of authenticating the video content is of primary importance. Given the ease with which digital images and videos can be manipulated, practically they do not have any value as legal proof, if the possibility of authenticating their content is not provided. In this paper, the problem of authenticating video surveillance image sequences is considered. After an introduction motivating the need for a watermarking-based authentication of VS sequences, a brief survey of the main watermarking-based authentication techniques is presented and the requirements that an authentication algorithm should satisfy for VS applications, are discussed. A novel algorithm which is suitable for VS visual data authentication is also presented and the results obtained by applying it to test data are discussed     

A framework for building intelligent manufacturing systems

The paper describes a systematic approach to design and development of software for intelligent manufacturing systems. The approach is based on a multilevel, general object oriented model of intelligent systems. Current methods and software design and development tools for intelligent manufacturing systems either stress particular components of intelligence (e.g., high level domain expertise, or learning capabilities, or fuzziness of decisions), or their domain dependence (e.g., monitoring and control systems, or CAPP systems). It is usually difficult to make extensions of such methods and tools, nor is it easy to reuse their components in developing intelligent manufacturing systems. Considerable efforts are being dedicated to the development of interoperable software components, distributed object environments, and flexible and scalable applications to overcome some of these problems. The approach described in the paper starts with a well founded software engineering principle, making clear distinction between generic, low level intelligent software components, and domain-dependent, high level components of an intelligent manufacturing system. It is extensible and adjustable. It also suggests some steps toward design of future software development tools for intelligent manufacturing systems. Several intelligent systems have been developed using the approach. One of these systems, in the cement manufacturing domain, is briefly overviewed, illustrating how the approach is used in practice. Finally, some informal discussion on the performance and complexity of the approach is presented