La2(MoO4)3:Eu均一花瓣状微/纳米结构的构筑及其荧光性能

在表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)的作用下,采用温和的水热方法,成功制备了Eu掺杂的花瓣状La2(MoO4)3∶Eu纳米微结构.这些形貌新颖的微米绒球的直径约3μm,由厚度30nm左右的纳米片次级结构单元自组装构筑而成,分散性良好,形貌规整、大小均一.通过XRD、SEM、TEM测试技术,研究了形貌的形成机理.由于具有良好的结晶度,这些花瓣状La2(MoO4)3∶Eu纳米微结构显示出良好的发光性能.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备Li（MoO4）2：Eu及表征

用溶胶-凝胶法制备了平均粒径为2～3μm的小颗粒、高亮度的Li（2-x）（MoO4）2：Eu系列钼酸盐红色荧光体。用XRD、SEM、粒度分析和分子荧光光度计对荧光体进行了表征和研究。常规的固相反应合成Li（2-x）（MoO4）2：Eux系列红色荧光粉需要在900℃以上的高温才能够形成均一的固溶体，而采用溶胶-凝胶法制取，在700℃就可以形成均一的单相Li（2-x）（MoO4）2：Eux，在750℃就可得到发光亮度最高的荧光体。其亮度是常规固相反应于900℃制得的荧光体的124％。采用溶胶-凝胶法制取Li（2-x）（MoO4）2：Eux系列，可以在相当宽的实验条件范围内得到小粒径、窄分布和高亮度的荧光体，具有良好的颗粒形貌。     

溶胶-凝胶法合成LED用红色发光材料R2-xEux（MoO4）3（R=Gd，Y，La）及性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了发光二极管（LED）用R2-xEux（MoO4）3（R=Gd，YLa；0≤x≤2）系列高亮度红色荧光粉，并对其结构与发光性能进行了详细研究。采用粉末x射线衍射（XRD）测量了不同温度下合成的样品结构变化情况，发现当R=y和Gd时，它们具有单斜和正交两种结构：当R=La时，荧光粉只有一种单斜结构．同时用荧光光谱对它们的发光性能进行了研究，发现在相同条件下（相同温度，相同时间，相同浓度）得到的样品的发光强度顺序为La0.8Eu1.2（MoO4）3〉Gd0.8Eu1.2（MoO4）3〉Y0.8Eu1.2（MoO4）3，且它们在395和465nm均有较强的有效激发，这两种波长正好与商用的GaN基LED芯片相匹配,同时研究了煅烧温度及掺杂浓度对其发光性能的影响。     

微反应器中LaPO4:Eu3+纳米棒的制备及表征

以Eu2O3、La(NO3)3·6H2O和NaHzPO4·2H2O为原料、乙二醇为溶剂,在微反应器中合成了铕掺杂磷酸镧(LaPO4:Eu3 )纳米棒.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和荧光光谱仪对LaPO4:Eu3 纳米棒的物相、微结构和荧光性能进行了表征.结果表明:LaP04:Eu3 纳米棒具有六方晶系的晶体结构,形貌为长度100nm左右,直径10nm左右的针状纳米棒,并且具有较强的荧光性能.     

热处理对溶胶凝胶MoO3薄膜特性的影响

报道了以钼粉为原料,采用溶胶凝胶技术和旋转镀膜方法,制备MoO3纳米薄膜。采用TG-DSC分析、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、红外光谱仪等方法分析了薄膜的特性。研究结果表明MoO3薄膜具有纳米颗粒结构,热处理使得MoO3颗粒长大,且表面平整度降低;XRD分析显示,250℃热处理的MoO3粉末已结晶(为α-MoO3),且沿(Ok0)方向取向强烈;随热处理温度的升高,MoO3微结构发生了相应的变化,Mo——O（2）、Mo——O（3）键振动吸收增强,且峰位移动。这些变化归因于热处理导致的MoO3颗粒形状、团聚状态的变化以及应变键的产生。     

低温下ZnO花状微结构的合成和性质

在无表面活性剂的条件下，通过水热法在三种不同的基底上制备了由纳米棒组成的花状氧化锌微结构，其纳米棒沿c轴方向生长。通过X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对花状氧化锌微结构进行了表征。XRD测试结果表明ZnO为纤锌矿结构，扫描电镜照片表明ZnO微结构具有花状形貌。简单讨论了反应物浓度对花状ZnO纳米棒形成的影响及生长机理。     

纳米Ln2O3:Eu(Ln=Gd,Y)荧光粉的燃烧法合成及其光致发光性质

本文报道了用燃烧法制备的纳米（5～100nm）Gd2O3：Eu和Y2O3：Eu荧光粉，对它们的晶体结构和光致发光性质进行了研究．结果表明，纳米Gd2O3：Eu和Y2O3：Eu的光致发光性质与常规的Gd2O3：Eu和Y2O3：Eu的性质有很大的差别，纳米Gd2O3：Eu和Y2O3：Eu表现出很强的介观效应．对实验结果进行了初步的探讨．     

尖晶石型MnFe（2-x）GdxO4纳米晶的

以Fe2（SO4）3、MnSO4和Gd2O3,为原料,NaOH溶液为沉淀剂,通过水热法制备了尖晶石型MnFe（2-x）GdO4系列纳米晶,利用XRD、SEM和VSM分别对MnFe（2-x）Gd3O4纳米晶的微结构、形貌和磁性能进行表征,结果表明,所制备的MnFe（2-x）GdxO4均为立方尖晶石结构,晶粒为球形或类球形,粒径约100nm,具有良好的均匀性,掺入Gd3＋后MnFe（2-x）GdxO4纳米晶的饱和磁化强度（crs）总体呈现减小趋势,只有当掺杂量x=0．02时制备的MnFe（2-x）GdxO4纳米晶的比饱和磁化强度（δs）增大,δs为67．2emu／g。     

白光LED用LiY(MoO_4)_2∶RE~(3+)(RE=Eu,Sm,Pr)荧光粉的制备与性能

采用水热法制备了LiY(MoO4)2∶RE3+(RE=Eu、Sm、Pr)系列荧光粉,通过X射线衍射(XRD),扫描电镜(SEM)对该系列荧光粉的物相、形貌进行了表征。结果表明,稀土离子的掺入没有改变荧光粉的晶相,3种稀土离子的加入使得LiY(MoO4)2粉体形成片层状结构。利用PL(光致发光光谱)对样品的发光性能进行了测试,分析了稀土离子掺杂浓度对发光强度的影响并进行浓度猝灭机理分析,结果表明,Eu3+、Sm3+、Pr3+最佳掺杂浓度分别为7%,4%和1.5%。LiY(MoO4)2∶Eu3+荧光粉能够很好地被395nm的紫外光和465nm的蓝光有效激发而发射红光,而Sm3+和Pr3+掺杂的LiY(MoO4)2分别在406和453nm激发下,发射出650和657nm的红光,LiY(MoO4)2∶RE3+(RE=Eu、Sm、Pr)系列荧光粉有望成为白光LED用红色荧光粉。     

共沉淀法合成NaLa(MoO_4)_2∶Eu~(3+)红色荧光粉及其发光性能的研究

采用共沉淀法合成了微米花状,四方晶系的NaLa(MoO4)2∶Eu3+红色荧光粉。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、光致发光光谱等分析手段对样品的结构、形貌以及发光性能进行了表征。研究了结构控制剂种类、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)添加量、Eu3+掺杂浓度、反应物浓度等系列对合成NaLa(MoO4)2∶Eu3+发光材料发光性能的影响。结果表明:所合成的微米花状NaLa(MoO4)2∶Eu3+红色荧光粉为四方晶系,在464nm紫外激发下,观察到其发射主峰位置在615nm。当反应条件分别为PVP=0.75g、Eu3+掺杂浓度10%、反应物浓度为0.12mol/L时样品具有最强的发光强度。在紫外灯照射下,样品呈现出明亮的红色。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Synthesis of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites by Solgel Process

Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were developed starting with the solgel process. Composite alumina-zirconia nanopowders were synthesized from metallorganic precursors (Aluminium secondary butoxide and zirconium Iso propoxide) using the solgel process. The parameters affecting the synthesis—solvent, concentration of precursor, R/H ratio (i.e., dilution of water in solvent)—were varied as also the temperature and pH. BET and TEM were used to measure nanosize. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and also qualitative optical absorption led to identical particle size estimate. The variation of process parameters was used to study the effect and interdependence of process parameters. Artificial Neural Networks was used to rigorously analyze the process. Although this led to confirmation of interdependence of parameters, the presence of a single overwhelming solvent variable was also established. Then the optimal process was used to synthesize more nanopowder. To produce bulk nanocomposite the nanopowders were sintered by varying the temperature and time period. The sintered lithoids were probed with a vickers hardness tester to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. The results showed high elastic modulus, modest hardness, and very high fracture toughness.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Friction Stir Processing Strategies for Uniform Distribution of Reinforcement in a Surface Composite

Friction stir processing (FSP) is an important technique for preparing surface composites. Fabricating defect-free surface composites with uniform particle distribution by FSP is a challenging task. In this study, silicon carbide particles reinforced AA5083 alloy surface composites was fabricated using different FSP strategies including variation in process parameters, dual-tool processing and tool offset overlapping. Material flow of the processed material with reinforcement particles demonstrated that the distribution of particles was influenced by the stirring action of the probe as well as the extrusion of the plasticized material due to the movement of the tool. Process parameters, particularly rotational speed, showed a dominant influence on the distribution of silicon carbide particles.