邻异丙基酚残液的综合利用

介绍利用邻异丙基酚残液生产2，6-二异丙基酚并利用余下残液作热油炉燃料。文章还从其投资、产品质量、效益等方面进行了综述。     

投产邻异丙基酚产品，拓展企业增长新空间——湖南海利株洲精细化工有限公司年产1000吨邻异丁基酚项目投产

2007年7月25日，在一阵热烈的欢呼声中，湖南海利株洲精细化工有限公司1000吨／年邻异丙基酚项目建成并顺利投产。[第一段]     

2,6-二异丙基苯酚胺化制备2,6-二异丙基苯胺反应的热力学分析

采用Benson基团贡献法计算了2，6－二异丙基苯酚和2，6－二异丙基苯胺的标准生成热△H、绝对熵S和热溶Cp ,计算了化法制备2，6－二异丙基苯胺的反应自由能变化△G、平衡常数Kp及2，6－二异丙基苯酚的平衡转化率X。结果表明：该反应为放热反应，其吉布斯自由能变化为负值，2，6－二异丙基苯酚可望得到较高的平衡转化率。该热力学分析为工业生产提供了一定的理论依据。     

棉酚的总合成

以2-异丙基-3,4-二甲氧基-苯甲醛为起始原料,经缩合、环化与皂化过程得到3-羧基-5-异丙基-6,7-二甲氧基-1-萘酚.再经回流、重结晶、氧化、双聚和甲基化,制成棉酚六甲基醚和阿朴棉酚六甲基醚,经去甲基化制成阿朴棉酚,然后与二苯基甲脒反应后再经水解等九步反应,最终合成棉酚.     

二异丙基萘的研制

二异丙基萘的研制崔秀菊李金来刘桂军（河北省石油化工研究所石家庄市０５００３１１前言二异丙基萘是一种重要的有机化工产品，主要用于无碳复写纸的生产中，可作为无色染料的溶剂、电力电容器绝缘油、喷射印刷油墨、木材防腐剂、有机热载体等。据不完全统计，目前我国无...     

甲基异丙基甲酮-苯酚-对苯二酚-水的液液相平衡数据测定、模型关联及萃取过程模拟

液液相平衡测定为溶剂萃取及回收的准确模拟、设计和过程开发提供基础数据。以甲基异丙基甲酮为萃取剂,在处理高浓煤化工含酚废水的三元液液相平衡萃取基础上,选定其中典型单元酚苯酚和多元酚对苯二酚为代表物,测定甲基异丙基甲酮-苯酚-对苯二酚-水在常压40℃下的液液相平衡数据。采用NRTL和UNIQUAC活度系数模型对实验数据进行热力学关联,回归得到该四元体系的二元交互作用参数。结果表明该模型可以很好地关联实验数据,两种模型的相对均方根偏差分别小于0.190%和0.266%。进一步将得到的二元交互参数导入流程模拟系统,对萃取单元模块进行计算。当萃取温度40℃、萃取级数5级、相比1：7.72时,甲基异丙基甲酮能将总酚12700 mg×L^-1,多元酚4250 mg×L^-1的含酚废水的酚浓度分别降低至300 mg×L^-1和299 mg×L^-1以下。     

杂多酸固相催化合成麝香DDHI的研究

以杂多酸为催化剂 ,2 ,6 二异丙基酚 (DIPP)与异戊二烯 (IP)经环烷基化反应合成麝香DDHI。研究了催化剂种类和用量、原料配比、反应温度及时间对反应结果的影响。反应最佳条件为∶催化剂为磷钨酸固载于活性炭上 ,n(DIPP)∶n(IP) =2 .0 ,m(C1)∶m(IP) =0 .8～ 0 .9,反应温度 36℃～ 4 2℃ ,滴加时间 2h ,保温时间 1h ,产品收率 83.7%。     

合成异丙基苯胺催化剂研究进展

介绍了近十几年来苯胺与异丙醇或丙烯以固体酸为催化剂烷基化合成异丙基苯胺的进展情况及有关机理，比较了固体酸尤其分子筛在苯胺异丙基烷基反应中的特点，以ZSM－5型分子筛的催化剂，产物以对异丙基苯胺为主，以Y、M型分子筛为催化剂主要生成邻异丙基苯胺。     

亚甲基二膦酸四异丙基酯的合成研究

研究了以二溴甲烷和亚磷酸三异丙基酯为原料合成亚甲基二磷酸四异丙基酯的生产工艺，确定了优惠反应条件。     

不同萃取剂在含酚废水脱酚流程中的对比研究

煤化工企业生产过程会产生大量的废水,这类废水含有大量的酸性气、酚、氨等有毒有害物质,要想使废水达标排放,必须将废水经过萃取脱酚,然后进行生化处理。萃取剂对脱酚过程的影响较大,为了选择合适的萃取剂,建立最优的萃取流程,对不同萃取剂脱酚流程进行模拟研究,这些萃取剂包括二异丙基醚、乙酸异丙酯和甲基异丁基酮。对比了不同萃取剂的脱酚效果、工艺条件和能耗等,结果同实际生产数据规律一致,研究方法准确。结果为含酚废水的脱酚处理提供了理论依据。     

油气储运技术的创新研究

石油和天然气的储存和运输,即石油和天然气资源的储存和运输,是有效利用石油和天然气资源的重要先决条件。随着中国经济社会的快速发展和油气储运技术的更新和发展,油气储运业面临着重大机遇和挑战。针对油气储运技术发展现状,确定基于安全,环保,节能的油气储运技术要不断的创新,才能促进油气进一步发展。     

油气储运存在问题及安全技术探讨

对目前油气储运技术中存在的安全问题进行深层次的探讨,根据引起这些问题的原因,提出相应的解决措施,为保障油气储运过程中的安全奠定基础。     

Physicochemical Nature and Structural Dependence of the Unique Properties of Polyester Fibres

The structure and properties of PET and PET fibres are examined on three structural levels — molecular, supermolecular, and micromolecular. It was shown that the unique properties of the fibres are determined by the aliphatic-aromatic structure of PET and the chemically regular molecular structure. The structural dependence of the fundamental physicomechanical and physicochemical properties of PET and PET fibres was analyzed. It was shown that the high glass transition temperature of PET and PET fibres is determined more by molecular rigidity than by intermolecular interactions and varies little under the effect of moisture. This causes high stability of the structure in mechanical effects and exposure to heat and moisture, high reversibility of deformation, and insignificant creep under mechanical stresses. The structure and fundamental properties of PET and PET fibres are compared with the characteristics of other kinds of large-tonnage fibre-forming polymers and fibres and other aliphatic-aromatic polyesters and fibres. The advantages of using polyester fibres for fabrication of household and industrial articles are substantiated and summarized based on an examination of the properties of these fibres.     

海水海砂混凝土力学性能与耐久性研究综述

远海工程建设面临钢筋混凝土易腐蚀、河砂和淡水匮乏等难题。国内外学者选择资源丰富的海水海砂代替淡水河砂制备混凝土,并研究其工作性能、力学性能及耐久性能。海水海砂中高含量的氯盐会加快水泥水化和凝结,导致早凝和早期强度提高,但后期增长变缓,最终强度与淡水河砂混凝土相近。海砂中少量的贝壳对混凝土工作性能和力学性能影响不大。海水海砂混凝土中的氯离子传输及结合方式更为复杂,其不同于内掺型氯离子,由此导致海水海砂混凝土中的钢筋锈蚀机理改变。辅助胶凝材料、复合型阻锈剂及纤维增强复合筋等为海水海砂混凝土结构应用提供了保障。     

多杀菌素类杀虫剂的应用及其抗性研究进展

多杀菌素类杀虫剂兼具生物农药的安全性和化学农药的速效性,且具广谱高效、环境相容性好的特点,在害虫防治中具有很好应用前景.但随着多杀菌素和乙基多杀菌素的广泛应用,多种害虫已对其产生了抗性.对比了不同生物农药作用机制和多杀菌素及其结构类似物的主要杀虫谱,总结近年多杀菌素和乙基多杀菌素对不同害虫防治的抗性发展状况、代谢及靶标...     

ESR and ENDOR Probes of Skeletal Conformations Implications for Conformations and Orientations of Chlorophylls In Vivo

ESR and ENDOR studies of sterically hindered porphyrins and chlorins provide clear evidence of the flexibility of the porphyrin skeleton, in agreement with crystallographic results. Examples considered are the cation radicals of zinc tetraphenyl-octaethylporphyrin and of the zinc and cobaltous nitrosyl complexes of octaethyl- and methyl octaethyl-chlorins. Extrapolation of the above results suggests that, in vivo, the protein pocket into which the chromophores fit and neighboring residues provide ready means of altering the conformations and properties of the pigments. These considerations can be applied to the primary acceptors of photosystems I and II: a combination of theoretical calculations, model studies and ENDOR results for the chlorophyll and pheophytin acceptors of photosystems I and II, respectively, suggests specific orientation of the 2-vinyl substituents of the chromophores and, in addition, supports the existence of hydrogen bonding at the 9-keto group. The implications of these results are that the protein environment helps control the orientations of the macrocycles and substituents, and thereby optimizes the relative orientations of donors and acceptors to facilitate electron transfer.     

Scrap of magnesia parts,the reasons for it,and means of reducing it

Conclusions The most common and characteristic forms of scrap of magnesia parts differing in form, dimensions, and composition are shown. These include deviations of the dimensions from the nominal, breaking off of the corners and edges, nonuniformity, welding together, spots, voids, fire cracks, spalls, and cracks of different origin.The reasons for formation of scrap were determined. The primary of them are the reduced quality of the raw material (chromite, magnesite) with a larger quantity of impurities containing limited silicon and calcium oxides, sometimes insufficient density, grain size, and completeness of hydration of the magnesite powders, nonconformity of the bunker, proportioning, mixing, and pressing equipment to the requirements of modern production of progressive high-quality refractories, the insufficiently high binding capacity of lignosulfonates, deviations in the quality of assembly and finishing of press equipment and automatic ejectors, of the car floor lining, and in firing conditions, a high variation in density of the green parts, and nonuniform heating and cooling in the volume of the parts and of the whole charge during firing. More than 50% of the total scrap of all forms is due to firing scrap of parts.The primary means of reducing or eliminating scrap of parts and simultaneously increasing their quality based on the reasons for formation of different forms of it were noted. These above all else, are increasing the volumes and improving and introduction of new methods of concentration of magnesite and chromite, a successive increase in the share of chrome concentrates, chromium-containing broken parts, and powders by firing of magnesite and caustic dust in the production of magnesia refractory parts as the result of a decrease in the share of commercial natural chromite and magnesite, the use in the production of parts of high-quality type PMSP-93 powder produced in shaft kilns and used as the charge for production of fused materials, the use of the prospect of processes for production of dense periclase powders uniform in chemical analysis from recovered caustic dust, replacement of obsolete mixing and press equipment by more modern, increasing the strength of green parts by above all else improving the binding properties of LST and increasing pressing pressure, forming of the taper of parts by the side plates of the die, improving the quality of assembly and increasing the reliability of functioning of press equipment and automatic ejectors, improving car floor linings, introduction of new methods and increasing the volumes of production of progressive unfired refractories in place of certain forms of fired parts, observation of all production parameters, and a relationship of the wages of labor to the quantity of scrap and the quality of refractories.Introduction of the new management system and the active work of the quality groups created will open up and lead to the action of unutilized reserves for reduction of scrap.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 2, pp. 31–38, February, 1989.     

地方高校化学专业创新创业型人才培养模式的构建

湖南文理学院化学化工学院在原有培养模式基础上,将创新创业理论融入到专业基础教育中,探索并构建了化学专业创新创业型人才培养模式,通过实施“理论＋实践＋辅助活动”的创新创业教育模式以及“四层递进式”（基础课程与实验→专业课程与实验→综合课程与实验→创新创业集中实践）人才培养模式,学生创新意识与创业能力得到了很好的锻炼,使就业率稳定在98％以上。     

新时代高职院校学生思想政治工作现状调查——以唐山工业职业技术学院为例

高职院校担当立德树人的根本任务,必须加强学生思想政治教育工作。通过问卷调查,从政治取向、培育践行社会主义核心价值观、心理健康、道德品质、法治观念等多各方面对高职院校学生思想政治状况进行了调查,发现高职学生思想政治状况良好,高职院校学生思政工作的问题主要集中在“思想政治项目”“课程思政改革”和“学生人生规划”等方面。针对问题,结合党的最新理论政策要求,从“加快构建高职院校思想政治工作体系”“加大高职院校思想政治教育项目供给侧结构性改革力度”“充分发挥学生主体作用”等方面提出对策和建议。     

磅秤防作弊单元及IC卡集成设计与应用

由于水泥企业销售与采购过程大物流运行的特殊性,磅秤计量节点成为企业物流过程控制的重要环节,也是现场管理的核心控制点。随着对信息化管理控制技术的适应和掌握,利用汽车衡作弊盗窃水泥的方式层出不穷,为杜绝水泥厂采购、销售计量过程中的各种作弊行为,保证进出厂物料的准确计量,减少公司产品及原燃材料流失等经济损失,提高进出厂物料计量和物流综合管理水平,在不断总结磅秤防作弊系统改造与ERP集成应用经验的同时,进行防作弊单元与IC卡技术集成与流程完善设计,实现了对流程性、作业型作弊的全面防范。