掺混孔参数影响燃烧室出口温度场的计算方法

合理的温度场分布是燃烧室设计的主要问题之一.在气动计算基础上,借鉴有关流动和射流穿透经验关系,依据发动机工况及试车测试数据,针对某型发动机燃烧室,进行了通过改变掺混孔孔径调整出口温度场分布的计算方法研究.利用气动函数结合流阻法进行流动参数计算,采用气动方法计算射流穿透深度和掺混温度,得出相应掺混孔改变量与掺混气变化量及相应燃烧室出口截面处的温度变化量.提出一种比拟法,预估改变掺混孔孔径后燃烧室出口温度的变化情况,并给出根据出口温度要求预估燃烧室需要调整的掺混孔位置及尺寸,为实验调试提供计算依据.     

掺混孔调整对燃气轮机DLN燃烧室性能影响研究

掺混孔是影响燃气轮机燃烧室出口温度分布的重要设计参数.针对多喷嘴DLN燃烧室开展整体数值计算,探讨了掺混孔尺寸调整对燃烧室性能的影响规律.研究表明,减小掺混孔一方面可使进入燃烧室头部的空气量增多,燃烧峰值温度和平均温度显著下降,有利于改善燃烧特性,另一方面削弱了掺混孔射流卷吸效应,使火焰筒金属壁面的高温区范围大幅缩小....     

中心分级高温升燃烧室的油气掺混特性

针对超高温升燃烧室的需求,设计了一种基于中心分级燃烧方案的主燃级组合式旋流器头部结构.借助数值模拟,从油气掺混特性角度分析比较了主预级旋向和主燃级燃油喷点径向位置对燃烧室性能的影响.研究结果表明:主预级同旋布置加强了燃烧室内的油气掺混,降低燃烧室出口径向温度分布系数;增加主燃级燃油喷点的径向高度,显著改善了主燃级通道和燃烧室内的油气掺混,提高了燃烧效率并降低燃烧室出口温度分布系数,但同时导致油气掺混径向不均匀位置偏移,造成燃烧室出口径向温度分布系数增加.     

进气畸变对回流燃烧室性能的影响研究

针对燃气轮机实际运行过程中不同火焰筒之间的空气流量畸变问题,以回流燃烧室为研究对象,开展三维数值模拟,分析进气流量改变对燃烧室多物理场分布特征和燃烧室性能的影响。结果表明：进气流量偏离理想设计对燃烧室回流区结构、温度场、总压恢复系数和燃烧效率等参数产生不利影响,而对燃烧室空气流量分配比例、主燃孔和掺混孔射流深度等参数的影响不明显;随着进气流量的减小,燃烧火焰拉长,燃烧室出口温度均匀性变差,燃烧效率急剧降低。     

新型低NOx排放高温空气燃烧的数值研究

通过数值模拟对燃料射流环绕空气射流的五喷口高温空气燃烧的燃烧特性进行了研究.详细阐述了燃烧室内燃烧温度和燃烧组分的分布情况,并对NOx生成及其影响因素进行了分析.结果表明:燃烧室出口可燃物浓度低于0.1%,燃烧反应完全;燃烧反应主要发生在燃料射流包围的圆柱体内,沿射流方向,燃烧逐渐向空气射流方向扩大,燃烧过程缓慢,并在燃烧室后半段稳定燃烧;NOx主要在燃烧室的高温区域形成,降低燃烧室内高温区域的氧气浓度是抑制燃烧过程NOx生成的关键,在燃烧室入口附近,NOx的生成受燃料射流的入口温度影响较大.     

燃烧室出口温度分布的研究

本文研究小型燃气轮机环形回流燃烧室出口温度的分布，包括燃烧室进口温度和速度、余气系数、出口温度、喷嘴类型、喷嘴数目、涡流器、火焰筒头部小孔、掺混孔、火焰筒长度等对燃烧室出口径向温度分布和圆周温度分布的影响．     

某重型燃气轮机燃烧室的性能试验与调试

在中国一航涡轮院高压试验台上,对中国第一台具有自主知识产权的某重型燃气轮机(E级)燃烧室进行了燃用天然气的性能试验与调试,着重于燃烧室出口温度场试验与调试以及污染物排放含量试验.结果表明:设计工况下燃烧室出口周向温度分布系数为0.30,径向温度分布系数为0.13,排放污染物含量(NOx)为 204 mg/m3,这些指标均超出设计要求.通过调整火焰筒掺混孔尺寸,增加预混燃烧比例,使周向温度分布系数降为0.20,达到设计要求,并使径向温度分布系数降为0.10,接近设计要求.此外,还从理论上分析了燃烧室排放超标的原因及改进方向.     

某100,kW微燃机燃烧室结构优化及数值模拟

为解决某微型燃气轮机燃烧室的燃料由燃油改为燃气时出现的火焰偏长、出口温度均匀性差的问题,对此燃烧室的头部和掺混孔的结构进行了优化设计,并利用计算流体力学方法研究了燃烧室头部结构和各区段空气量分配比例对燃烧室内燃烧过程的影响.研究结果表明,采用带有旋流器的多孔喷头能够促进燃烧室内燃气与空气的混合,有效解决燃烧室内火焰偏长的问题.采用多孔、多段的掺混孔能够避免掺混空气在燃烧室出口集中送入,更利于燃烧室出口温度的均匀分布.     

主燃孔对某小型发动机燃烧室流动及燃烧特性影响

以头部涡流片加主燃孔形式的小型发动机环形回流燃烧室为研究对象,采用Fluent软件进行了数值研究,对比分析了有无主燃孔、主燃孔相对位置以及主燃孔轴向位置对该类型燃烧室主燃区流场、温度场以及出口温度分布的影响。结果表明：该类型燃烧室主要通过火焰筒头部圆形结构、涡流片形成回流区,而内外环主燃孔的射流主要起到截断主流、促进回流区形成以及改变回流区形态的作用;主燃孔相互交错,有利于促进内外环主燃孔的射流相互对冲剪切,形成较为饱满的回流区;主燃孔轴向位置向燃烧室出口方向移动,主燃孔射流截断主流和挤压主流的效果减弱,出口温度分布系数急剧变大。     

不同长高比RQL燃烧室燃烧和排放特性研究

针对3种长高比富油/焠熄/贫油(RQL)燃烧室,保持头部旋流器入口空气和燃料体积流量不变,通过改变焠熄空气体积流量,研究了不同长高比燃烧室冷态流场、掺混不均匀度、轴向温度分布及排气温度分布均匀性和污染物排放变化。结果表明:相同工况下长高比越小,射流深度越大,上下射流相互干涉作用越强;长高比为3.75的燃烧室掺混不均匀度最小,掺混效果最好;随着长高比的增加,焠熄区最低温度降低;长高比为3.75时,排气温度不均匀度较好,长高比大于3.75时,排气温度不均匀度迅速增加;随着长高比增加,燃烧室NO_x排放质量浓度升高,随着焠熄空气体积流量减小,不同长高比燃烧室NO_x排放质量浓度均先升高后降低,且在高焠熄空气体积流量工况下,低长高比燃烧室的燃烧效率下降。     

Unerroric of control of mutual compliance of the efficiency of hydrogen engines of unmanned vehicles in the conditions of mass production

The issues related to the reliability of hydrogen engines of unmanned vehicles and increasing the efficiency of using hydrogen as fuel when using the method of its production during the decomposition of hydrogen-containing molecules of liquid-phase organic compounds in a plasma discharge under the action of intense ultrasonic exposure are considered. Experiments have shown that as a result of decomposition in the acoustoplasma discharge of liquid hydrocarbons, solid-phase carbon-containing products are formed, chemical transformations occur in the liquid phase and hydrogen-containing combustible gas is formed. Hydrogen-containing gas can be used as fuel immediately after synthesis, i.e. it does not require separation, since in addition to hydrogen it contains only impurities of CO₂ and water vapor. The purpose of the study is to formalize the basic conditions for tightening the control of mutual compliance with the efficiency of hydrogen engines of the same series in the conditions of their mass production. Methods of mathematical statistics and hardware-software modeling were used in the study. The term “unerroric of quality mutual compliance control” is introduced to describe a set of hardware and software tools for such control. The principle of in-depth testing of the technical condition of such engines of one series is described in a multidimensional formulation of the quality control problem for three of their operating parameters at once. The conditions for increasing the mutual correspondence of the measured values of such parameters in the conditions of serial production of hydrogen engines are formalized.     

MgO膨胀剂细度对MgO水化和水泥浆体膨胀的影响

基于《水工混凝土掺用氧化镁技术规范》中的Ⅰ型氧化镁（MgO）,研究了该型MgO膨胀剂（MEA）细度对掺粉煤灰水泥浆体膨胀性能的影响。即采用X射线衍射分析(XRD)及同步热分析（TG DSC）分析了掺MEA水泥浆体中MgO的水化性。结果表明,养护温度相同时,MEA的细度对水泥浆体内MEA中MgO的水化和水泥浆体的膨胀无显著影响,产生的膨胀均能补偿水泥浆体的收缩;MEA的细度可从试验设计采用的45 μm筛筛余15%左右增加到30%左右,这将有利于MEA生产企业的节能降耗。     

小型锅炉烟尘测试时锅炉出力的计算

锅炉烟尘测试时,必须对锅炉出力进行测试。但监测中,许多小型锅炉往往不具备相关的计量装置和仪表,为解决这一问题,文章提出了用烟气量和空气过剩系数来计算锅炉的出力的公式,在实际使用中,该方法简单易行,其结果和实测值具有很好的一致怀。     

Heat of vaporization of mixtures

General expressions for the heat of vaporization of mixtures at constant pressure; at constant temperature; and at constant pressure, temperature, and composition are proposed. The last one is related to the liquid-vapor interface where steady vaporization or condensation is taking place. Numerical examples by the proposed expressions are shown for binary mixtures of HCFC22(R22) and (HCFC123(R123) © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Heat Trans Jpn Res, 25(1): 12–24, 1996     

生物质催化热裂解技术的研究进展

生物质催化裂解是生物质热化学转化的一种重要途径。综述了生物质催化热裂解技术使用的反应器、催化剂类型,以及催化热裂解过程中热裂解温度、吹扫气、升温速率、生物质原料等条件的影响,展望了生物质催化热裂解技术的发展趋势。     

燃烧流化床气泡能量分布模型

应用瞬态谱分析方法对燃烧流化床声波信号进行了频谱分析,发现气泡能量分布呈Ｇａｍｍａ分布形式,在Ａｒｇｙｒｉｏｕｓ和Ｙｏｓｈｉｄａ等人提出的模型的基础上,发展了燃烧流化床气泡能量分布模型,并通过优化迭代对模型参数进行求解,在实验和理论的基础上得出了更加切合实际的燃烧流化床气泡能量分布模型     

促进城镇生活污水处理装置产业化

城镇生活污水处理装置是由农村户用沼气地发展演变而来，是一种小型、分散化处理污水的装置 ，是环境建设的需要。文章着重从我国环保政策及目标、生活污水造成的污染状况、急需整治的公共设施、生活污水净化装置的演变以及社会经济效益和环境效益等方面，阐述了其产业化的重要性。     

中国煤炭地下气化技术的发展

本文综述了煤炭地下汽化技术的国内外发展现状,对我国“长通道、大断面”煤炭地下气化新工艺给予了技术经济评述,并提出了发展煤炭地下汽化技术的政策建议。     

Investigation of effect of variation of cycle parameters on thermodynamic performance of gas-steam combined cycle

The paper deals with second law thermodynamic analysis of a basic gas turbine based gas-steam combined cycle. The article investigates the effect of variation of cycle parameters on rational efficiency and component-wise non-dimensionalised exergy destruction of the plant. Component-wise inefficiencies of the combined cycle have been quantified with the objective to pin-point the major sources of exergy destruction. The parameter that affects cycle performance most is the TIT (turbine inlet temperature). TIT should be kept on the higher side, because at lower values, the exergy destruction is higher. The summation of total exergy destruction of all components in percentage terms is lower (44.88%) at TIT of 1800 K & r_p,c = 23, as compared to that at TIT = 1700 K. The sum total of rational efficiency of gas turbine and steam turbine is found to be higher (54.91%) at TIT = 1800 K & r_p,c = 23, as compared to that at TIT = 1700 K. Compressor pressure ratio also affects the exergy performance. The sum total of exergy destruction of all components of the combined cycle plant is lower (44.17%) at higher value of compressor pressure ratio (23)& TIT = 1700 K, as compared to that at compressor pressure ratio (16). Also exergy destruction is minimized with the adoption of multi-pressure-reheat steam generator configuration.     

Review of theory of distortion and disintegration of liquid streams

Linear and nonlinear analyses of the instabilities and distortion of liquid streams injected into a gaseous media are discussed. The various fundamental mechanisms and the predictive capabilities for the distortions are emphasized. Round jets, planar sheets, annular sheets, and conical sheets are discussed in detail. The balance between capillary and inertial forces is primarily examined. The method for simplifying the analyses in the case of thin liquid sheets is discussed. The capabilities for representing the droplet size distribution that follows the stream disintegration are outlined.