中国专利

无轨电车铁基粉末冶金集电器滑决:九轨电车铁基粉末冶金集电器滑块,本发明是关于九轨电车所用集电器滑块的研究,本发明的集电器滑块采用新型材料配方,且采用粉末冶金方法制成,其所研制的粉末冶金集电器滑块寿命超过石墨滑块10倍以上,导电性能超过石墨滑块的19.4倍,对导线的减摩性能为石墨滑块的56倍。进而在性能上、效果上、经济上均优于现在所使用的石墨滑块,是     

轧膜成形制备石墨/Cu复合材料及其性能研究

以电解Cu粉和鳞片状石墨粉为原料,聚乙烯缩丁醛(PVB)为粘结剂,环己酮为增塑剂,通过有机基轧膜成形法制备出石墨/铜(C/Cu)复合生坯;随后在H_2气氛中烧结,制备出C/Cu复合材料,考察了粘结剂含量、烧结温度等对所制备复合材料组织和性能的影响。结果表明:轧膜成形可以制备厚度0.4~1.0 mm的薄片状C/Cu复合材料;粘结剂含量对C/Cu轧膜生坯和最终复合材料的组织性能有显著影响;随着烧结温度的升高,C/Cu复合材料的性能提高,4.0%粘结剂含量的C/Cu生坯经970℃烧结后的相对密度达91.4%、电导率为44.4%IACS、维氏硬度为72.2 HV。     

纳米晶Fe3Al材料的抗腐蚀性能和高温抗氧化性能

通过铝热反应熔化法制备纯纳米晶Fe3Al材料以及添加质量分数分别为10％Ni,10％Cr,10％ Mn,15％ Mo,5％ Cu和10％Cu合金元素的6种块体纳米晶Fe3Al材料;对含10％ Ni的纳米晶Fe3Al材料分别进行600 ℃、1000℃,8h的等温处理.采用质量损耗法测定不同纳米晶Fe3Al材料在质量分数为5％ H2SO4溶液中的均匀腐蚀速率;并研究各纳米晶Fe3Al材料在1200℃空气中的高温氧化性能.结果表明:添加15％Mo和添加10％Cu的纳米晶Fe3Al材料较纯纳米晶Fe3Al材料抗腐蚀性能提高明显;含10％ Ni的纳米晶Fe3Al材料经过600℃ 等温处理后的腐蚀速率略高于未等温处理的材料,而经1000℃等温处理后腐蚀速率明显下降;随着合金元素Ni、Mn、Cr、Cu的加入,纳米晶Fe3Al材料的氧化速度增大,抗氧化性能降低.     

机械合金化结合放电等离子烧结制备高软化温度Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料

Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料的软化温度是材料耐热性能的重要指标。本实验采用机械合金化法和放电等离子烧结法制备不同组分的Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料,并对Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料进行不同温度梯度的加热保温试验,探讨了Al_2O_3含量及其分散性对材料本身软化温度的影响,得到了性能优异的Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料,其软化温度区间为700~750℃,其导电率为74%IACS,硬度为142 HV。     

Fe–Mo–(Ni/Cu)–石墨粉末冶金复合材料的制备及组织性能研究

采用粉末冶金方法制备了Fe–Mo–Ni–石墨(Fe–Mo–Cu–graphite,FMNG)和Fe–Mo–Cu–石墨(Fe–Mo–Cu–graphite,FMCG)材料,对比研究了Ni及Cu组元对Fe–Mo–石墨材料组织、物相、硬度及抗压强度等的影响。结果表明:烧结态FMNG、FMCG材料组织主要由珠光体、铁素体、贝氏体、石墨及夹杂分布的强化相Mo_2C、Fe_3Mo_3C组成;热处理提高了FMCG/FMNG材料的硬度及抗压强度;FMCG材料的抗压强度高于FMNG材料;FMCG材料的硬度低于FMNG材料。     

机械合金化制备(Al_2O_3+Gr)/Cu复合材料的性能

采用机械合金化制备Al2O3、Gr(石墨)双相强化Cu基复合材料((Al2O3+Gr)/Cu),研究球磨时间对复合材料组织与性能的影响。结果表明:球磨时间为9 h时,细长条状的Gr和纳米Al2O3颗粒弥散分布在Cu基体中,(Al2O3+Gr)/Cu复合材料具有最佳的综合性能,相对密度、硬度、导电率、摩擦系数和体积磨损率分别为95.3%、142 HV、39.8%IACS、0.15和1.4×10-3mm3/m;球磨时间对(Al2O3+Gr)/Cu复合材料的摩擦系数影响较小,体积磨损率则随着球磨时间的延长先增大后减小,与Al2O3/Cu复合材料相比,(Al2O3+Gr)/Cu复合材料具有优良的减磨耐磨性能。     

7B04铝合金预拉伸厚板的微观组织与性能

研究了7B04铝合金材料在不同热处理状态下的微观组织和性能。结果表明,目前的单级固溶处理（470℃×80min）并未使合金内一次析出相充分回溶,经物相分析确定残留相为MgZn2,S（Al2CuMg）,T（Mg32（Al,Zn）49）及Al7Cu2Fe相等。T6状态下晶内析出相为细小GP区和η′相,晶界析出相为半连续状态,无明显的晶间无析出带（PFZ）存在,合金的抗拉强度达595MPa,电导率为31.7%IACS;在T7（115℃×7h＋160℃×12h）状态下,晶内的析出相为GP区、η′和η相,尺寸约为5～20nm,晶界有不连续的较为粗大相析出,有明显的PFZ存在,此时抗拉强度为532MPa,电导率为37.0%IACS;采用RRA处理可使合金获得较高强度和较高电导率,抗拉强度和电导率分别为575MPa和36.3%IACS,此时晶内析出相为η′和η相,晶界析出物粗大呈完全不连续分布,有明显PFZ存在。     

Ti-xCr-yCu钛基材料的制备及组织性能研究

通过粉末冶金法制备了Ti-xCr、Ti-yCu及Ti-xCr-yCu钛基材料,研究了Cr、Cu含量对其相组成、显微组织、压缩屈服强度、弹性模量以及切削加工性能的影响规律。结果表明:随Cr含量的增加,Ti-xCr钛基材料依次出现了Ti_4Cr、TiCr_2及Cr相,其压缩屈服强度表现出先增大后减小的趋势,当Cr含量为10%时其屈服强度达到最大值(710 MPa),同时,添加Cr元素有利于降低钛基材料的弹性模量,最低可达25 GPa。添加Cu元素的钛基材料,随Cu含量的增加,Ti_2Cu相增加,并且显微组织细化,屈服强度降低;弹性模量受Cu含量影响较小而受烧结温度影响较大。添加Cr和Cu元素的钛基材料,其显微组织主要为网篮组织,弹性模量低于纯钛,其中添加Cu元素有利于细化层片,添加Cr元素有利于细化等轴组织。此外,Cr含量为5%时,钛基材料具有较佳的切削加工性能。     

赤泥-煤矸石基公路路面基层材料的耐久与环境性能

以拜耳法赤泥、煤矸石和粉煤灰等工业固废为基本原料在实验室制备了一种公路路面基层材料,并研究了其力学性能、耐久性能和环境性能.通过开展干湿循环以及冻融循环试验研究了该公路路面基层材料的耐久性能,并利用ICP浸出试验和放射性检测研究其环境性能.结果表明,赤泥-煤矸石基路面基层材料赤泥和煤矸石掺量之和75%、固废总掺量97%时,7 d养护后无侧限抗压强度达到6 MPa以上;经过20个干湿循环后,矿渣掺量为5%的路面基层试块强度为5.98 MPa,满足国家标准;经过5个冻融循环后,路面基层材料的7 d抗压强度仍然达到6.89 MPa,具有良好的耐久性能.浸出试验结果显示,浸出液中Na+浓度均符合国家饮用水标准,同时浸出液中Zn、Hg、Cu、Pb、Ni等重金属均未检测出;放射性试验结果表明,试验所用纯赤泥的放射性符合相应的国家标准.通过对该路面基层材料进行固碱分析以及能谱分析发现,硅铝体系能有效固结钠离子.此公路路面基层材料具有良好的环境效益和社会效益,拓宽了路面基层材料的选材范围.      

高电导率高屈服强度铝合金的研制

用正交试验法对比分析了纯铝合金中添加Fe、Cu、Mg、Zn对其电导率及屈服强度的影响程度;并由此进行成分配比,通过挤压加工试验,研制出一种高电导率高屈服强度铝合金型材,H112状态电导率达60%IACS左右、屈服强度σ0.2大于90MPa.     

超细WC-Co硬质合金的磁性能和金相分析

介绍了超细WC-Co硬质合金的磁性能和金相,对它们之间的关系和作用进行了比较分析,认为磁性能和金相是超细WC-Co硬质合金质量控制的重要检测方法。     

五氯化钼

简单介绍了五氯化钼的应用、化学性能和物理性能.     

LF炉精炼渣冶金性能的研究现状

主要从精炼渣组分对其发泡性能和脱硫性能的影响二个方面综述了精炼渣的研究现状，展望了精炼渣的发展前景和方向，为今后精炼渣的研究和使用提供依据和参考。     

V含量对TaVCN复合膜微结构、力学性能和摩擦磨损性能的影响

采用多靶磁控溅射技术,制备一系列不同V含量的TaVCN复合膜。利用X射线衍射仪、纳米压痕仪和高温摩擦磨损仪研究该复合膜的微结构、力学性能和摩擦磨损性能。结果表明, TaVCN复合膜为面心立方和底心斜方的双相结构。随V含量增加,复合膜的硬度先升高后降低,当V原子分数为26.85%时,复合膜的硬度达到最大值,为31.7 GPa。室温下随V含量增加,复合膜的摩擦因数和磨损率均先减小后增大,V原子分数为32.60%时,摩擦因数达到最小值,为0.213;V原子分数为26.85%时,磨损率达到最小值,为2.1×10?7 mm2/N。随温度升高,复合膜的摩擦因数逐渐减小,磨损率逐渐增大。并对不同温度下 TaVCN 和 TaCN 复合膜的摩擦磨损性能进行了讨论。     

Review of the historical, empirical, and theoretical status of the von Restorff phenomenon.

The major purpose of the review was to examine theoretical and empirical properties of the von Restorff phenomenon. A selection of studies that preceded the von Restorff article demonstrated that isolating an item by making it more vivid than the rest of the list yielded a positive influence on learning that item. Subsequent studies in a variety of contexts have been quite consistent in confirming that isolation facilitates learning of the isolated item. This review attempts to indicate some of the specific features and influences of the von Restorff effect. The final section of the article presents theoretical discussions and suggested attempts to explain the isolation effect. (2 p. ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Nd-doped ZnO as a multifunctional nanomaterial

Chemically synthesised ZnO and Nd-doped ZnO nanoparticles were investigated for structural, optical, magnetic properties along with photocatalytic activity. Transmission electron microscopy measurement was performed on the undoped and doped ZnO nanoparticles. Compared to the undoped ZnO, Nd-doped ZnO nanoparticles showed enhanced photoluminescent and ferromagnetic properties. The Nd-doped ZnO nanoparticles also showed improved photocatalytic properties compared with the undoped ZnO nanoparticles. Furthermore, the effect of UV light irradiation was studied with thermoluminescence (TL) and photoluminescence (PL) measurement techniques. It was found that in case of Nd-doped ZnO nanoparticles TL intensity increased while the green emission in PL spectra decreased with UV-light irradiation. This was attributed to the production of more surface defects on UV irradiation on Nd-doping.     

Effect of Nd2O3 doping on the electrical properties of Ba0.96Ca0.04Ti0.90Sn0.10O3 ceramics

The Ba_(0.96)Ca_(0.04)Ti_(0.90)Sn_(0.10)O_3-xNd_2 O_3(x = 0-0.08%) ceramics were prepared via traditional solid-state sintering method. The influences of Nd3+ substitution on the phase structure, dielectric properties,piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties of the ceramics were investigated. All the samples possess pure BaTiO_3-type perovskite structure. MPB with orthorhombic and tetragonal phase coexist at around x = 0.03-0.04. Nd~(3+) doping decreases both Tc and T_(O-T) to lower temperature. All the samples exhibit an intermediate state with the coexistence of ferroelectric and diffuse relaxor ferroelectric behavior with the addition of Nd~(3+). The electric properties of the ceramics were optimized at x = 0.03 with d33, K_p, ε_r and P_r values of 545 pC/N, 51.9%, 24,412 and 10.74 μC/cm~2.     

30万,60万千瓦汽轮机紧固件用高温合金的研究

本文研究了GH26合金成分中最佳碳钛含量,抗应力松弛性能、抗蠕变性能和抗应力腐蚀性能,合金组织和在使用温度下长时时效后组织稳定性。合金制作的紧固螺栓和汽封弹簧片等部件已用于国产首台引进60万千瓦汽轮机组上。     

Modeling the Mechanical Behavior of Lung Tissue at the Microlevel

This paper is concerned with the development of a computational model of pulmonary alveoli against the background of ventilator-induced lung injuries. In order to quantify mechanical stimulation of alveolar tissue during artificial respiration, a detailed constitutive model of alveolar septa and an approach to consider interfacial phenomena is needed. For that purpose, a polyconvex hyperelastic material model formerly developed for arteries is adopted for pulmonary alveoli. Information about tissue morphology is inherently integrated into the constitutive model, therefore, establishing a connection between structure and function of the different septal constituents. Structural and interfacial dynamics are directly coupled at the alveolar surface. In order to take into account the complex behavior of surface active agents covering alveoli, a constitutive model considering dynamical changes of surface energy is employed.     

Influence of alloying elements and grain refiner on microstructure,mechanical and wear properties of Mg-Al-Zn alloys

In the present investigation, the effects of alloying elements (Sn, Pb) and grain refiner (Ag, Zr) on microstructure, mechanical and wear properties of as-cast Mg-Al-Zn alloys were studied. The alloys were prepared through melting-casting route under a protective atmosphere and cast into a permanent mould. The microstructure of the base alloy consisted of α-Mg, Mg₁₇Al₁₂ continuous eutectic phase at the grain boundary and Mg-Zn phase was distributed within the grains. Addition of Sn and Pb suppressed the formation of continuous Mg₁₇Al₁₂ eutectic phase and formed Pb enriched Mg₂Sn precipitates at the grain boundary as well as inside the grain. The Ag and Zr addition to Mg-Al-Zn-Sn-Pb alloy suppressed the Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase formation and refined the grains leading to improve mechanical properties. Addition of Sn, Pb and grain refiner (Ag, Zr) significantly enhanced the tensile strength and elongation but reduced hardness. The Ag addition imparted best tensile properties, where ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation are 205?MPa and 8.0%, respectively. The fracture surfaces were examined under SEM which revealed cleavage facets and dimple formation. Therefore, the cleavage fracture and dimple rupture were considered as the dominant fracture mechanisms for developed Mg alloys. The cumulative volume loss of Mg alloys increased with sliding distance and applied load. The coefficient of friction decreased with sliding distance. The microscopic observation, analysis of the wear surface and coefficient of friction revealed that the wear mechanism of developed Mg alloys changes from abrasion oxidation to delamination wear.