共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
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海水稀释下石蜡基高蜡原油微波破乳脱水研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
石蜡基高蜡原油中含有的微晶蜡是一种天然乳化剂,不仅能增加原油粘度,同时易于形成网状结构吸附在油水界面,阻碍水漓的聚并,加大原油乳化液破乳难度.作者利用海水对大庆高蜡原油进行稀释,应用正交设计法研究其在微波辐射下的破乳规律.结果表明,添加海水能显著提高原油乳化液的脱水效果.利用SH9402微波反应系统,含水50%的大庆高蜡原油乳化液在海水添加量为20 mL、系统压力为0.7 MPa、恒压时间为11 min,辐射功率为225 W时脱水率高速94.15%. 相似文献
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正交设计在微波辐射原油脱水中的应用研究 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
研究了微波辐射对原油乳状液脱水的机理及其3个主要影响因素,用正交实验设计法考察微波辐射对原油乳状液脱水的最佳实验条件,以达到较好的脱水效果。采用MSP-100D微波消解系统对水质量分数为50%的大庆原油乳化液进行微波辐射实验。通过极差和方差分析可知,在影响大庆原油乳化液脱水率的3个因素中系统压力值影响最大,微波辐射功率其次,微波辐照时间影响最小。在微波辐射功率为400W,辐照时间为10min,系统压力值为0.3MPa,水质量分数为50%的大庆原油乳化液的平均脱水率高迭93.9896。实验结果表明.微波辐射原油脱水具有效率高,时间短,无污染和节约能源等优点,有良好的工业化应用前景。 相似文献
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微波化学法原油破乳脱水工艺的优化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对原油乳状液分别采用热化学法及微波热化学法进行了破乳脱水实验。对于本实验所用含水量为78%的1#原油乳状液,采用热化学方法时,破乳剂的用量为100 mg/L,加热温度为65℃,加热9 min后,可脱水约为96.2%;而采用微波化学法时,破乳剂的用量为50 mg/L,辐射时间为10 s,沉降时间为2 min,可脱水约为94.9%。提出了原油乳状液脱水的工艺为对原油乳状液采用二次脱水处理,首先采用微波化学法,再对一次脱水后的上层原油乳状液采用加热法。对1#原油乳状液,一次微波辐射脱水后,上层油的含水量在18%左右;对上层油进行加热二次脱水后,原油的含水率小于0.3%,可得到合格原油。 相似文献
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超声波辅助原油脱水技术,因其流程简易、耗费成本低及产生污染少等优势,已被许多油田现场大量使用。开展了室内声波破乳实验,对原油进行声波处理,结合超声波破乳机理、正交实验和控制变量法,分析和比较了各变量对油水分离的作用效果,最终优选出最佳参数范围:加入破乳试剂30μg·g-1,频率28k Hz,声强0.62W·cm-2,辐射时间10min,基于该频率和时间,最佳沉降温度为80℃,最佳沉降时间为60min。设计了将声波、化学剂单独及两者结合破乳实验,得出超声波-化学结合作用下原油破乳后含水率达到最低值2.6%,验证了其协同性。 相似文献
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原油脱水技术研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
原油脱盐、脱水是石油工业中不可缺少的环节,受到广泛关注.作者简要介绍了原油乳状液破乳脱水的机理,在此基础上综述了国内外原油脱盐、脱水的主要方法,包括沉降法、电化学法、过滤法、声化学法、磁处理法、微波辐射法、生物法等,并对未来发展方向进行展望. 相似文献
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超声波原油破乳是一种很有发展前景的新型破乳方法,文中给出了超生波原油破乳的基本原理,利用超声波对原油在实验室进行了破乳脱水实验,研究了声强、频率、温度、辐照时间对超声波原油破乳脱水的影响。试验结果表明,超生波参数有一个最佳值或范围,声强为0.61 W/cm2、频率20 kHz、辐照时间5~10 min。 相似文献
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为解决破乳剂的选择性强、破乳效率低的问题,采用化学破乳剂和微生物破乳剂复合的方法,研制出了广谱、高效、低成本的破乳剂,并用大庆三次采油采出液、塔河原油、南阳原油、蓬莱原油、俄罗斯混合原油进行了脱水、脱盐评价。结果表明:对于大庆油田采出液,微生物复合与化学破乳剂比较,脱水效率提高5%以上,脱出水含油可降低40%以上;对于易乳化的南阳原油、蓬莱原油,脱后含盐可达3 mg/L以下,脱出水含油可降低50%以上。工业应用表明:对于俄罗斯混合原油脱后含盐可达2 mg/L以下,脱出水含油可降低70%以上,脱后排水含油小于15 mg/L。所研制的微生物复合破乳剂适应性强,成本可降低20%~50%。 相似文献
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克拉玛依油田百重七稠油处理站原油乳状液中含有大量泥砂,泥沙体积含量0.6‰~1‰,给原油脱水造成困难。本文以百重七原油处理站所处理的综合原油为研究对象,研制出破乳脱水用的KXDS破乳剂;同时考察了影响原油破乳脱水的几个因素,确定出最佳破乳温度和破乳剂最佳加量。KXDS破乳剂应用于现场后,破乳剂用量由120 mg/kg降低到80 mg/kg,破乳脱水温度由85℃降低到65℃,脱后原油达到外输优质标准,污水水质达标。 相似文献
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《分离科学与技术》2012,47(8):1799-1815
Abstract This work investigates the effect of a set of operating variables, including irradiation time, irradiation power, dosage of NaCl, settling time, pH, and the initial oil concentration, on the separation efficiency in the treatment of an oil in water (O/W) type cutting oil emulsion by microwave assisted demulsification. As a result of a series of batch demulsification tests a set of optimum operating conditions was found, consisting of 2 min of microwave irradiation at 280 W, the addition of 14 g/L of NaCl, 1 h settling time, and at a pH of 9.5. A separation efficiency of 93.8% was obtained with these conditions for 50 mL of cutting oil emulsion with an initial oil content of 10 g/L. In addition, data from these tests were treated by a stepwise-regression method which results in a multi-variable equation. This empirical equation was able to describe the separation efficiency fairly well, after excluding those with a separation efficiency less than 40% and temperatures higher than the boiling point. Our principal component analysis (PCA) extracted four principal components with 78% of the total variance explained. 相似文献
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Wei Liu Bing Xiao Guolong Yang Yanlan Bi Fusheng Chen 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2020,122(2)
Aqueous enzymatic extraction (AEE) is an environmentally friendly edible‐oil‐extraction process that can also provide edible protein. However, the AEE process may form a stable emulsion in most cases, which seriously limits the large‐scale industry applications for producing vegetable oils. In this study, the salt‐assisted microwave radiation demulsification of the oil‐rich emulsion prepared with AEE from peanuts is investigated. The microwave demulsification method is compared with other conventional demulsification methods, including heating, and freezing–thawing. The salt‐assisted microwave demulsification of the emulsions shows a greater free oil yield than conventional heating demulsification. Moreover, the microwave demulsification shows a similar free oil yield in less time than freezing–thawing method. Under the optimal operating conditions of demulsification, the free oil yield can reach 92.3% with CaCl2‐assisted microwave demulsification for only 2 min. In addition, the oxidative properties and the fatty acid compositions of the demulsified peanut oil are investigated. No significant difference in the fatty acid composition is observed among salt‐assisted microwave, freezing–thawing, and heating demulsified oil. The oxidative properties of the salt‐assisted microwave demulsified peanut oil is better than the conventional heating demulsified oil. Thus, salt‐assisted microwave demulsification provides a quick and effective demulsification method to obtain vegetable oils with high quality. Practical Applications: Aqueous enzymatic extraction (AEE) is an environmentally friendly edible‐oil‐extraction process. To solve the problem of stable emulsion formed during AEE process, the salt‐assisted microwave demulsification of the oil‐rich emulsion prepared with AEE is developed with high efficiency (demulsification for 2 min). In addition, the oxidative properties of the microwave demulsified oil is better than the conventional heating demulsified oil. 相似文献
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油田沉降罐中间层复杂乳状液微波破乳-离心分离 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对长庆油田沉降罐的乳化层复杂乳状液进行了微波破乳-离心分离实验研究. 详细考察了微波辐射强度、辐射时间、温升速率、离心时间、离心转速等对脱水效果的影响,得出了最佳条件:微波辐射强度2 W/g,微波辐射时间3 min,温升速率8.3℃/min,离心时间4 min,离心转速2500 r/min. 在优化条件下,含水45.1%的乳状液经微波辐射-离心分离后得到的离心油样含水率为2.10%. 通过对Zeta电位的检测,探讨了微波破乳的机理,认为微波辐射减小了油水界面的Zeta电位,失去Zeta电位作用的水珠容易碰撞聚并,导致油水分离. 相似文献