基于汉语节律特征描述的语音合成模型

汉语节律的合理使用能使合成语音表现出语篇的正确内涵和感情色彩。本文介绍了一种基于汉语节律特征描述的语音合成模型。本文首先介绍了汉语节律的停延、词重音、句重音、变调、调模等节律特征的分析和提取,详细描述了节律特征的各类情形,并阐述了基于汉语节律的语音合成算法模型,包括切词、标注、分析、定模、修正、输出的处理流程和合成语音声学参数序列{（h,l,s）}的生成。最后,给出了语音合成模型的实验结果与分析。     

可训练语音合成在越南语合成中的应用

现代越南语是一种拼音化文字,采用“声、韵、调”标记其音节。采用基于HMM的可训练语音合成方法实现越南语语音合成。针对越南语的特点收集语料、录音、标注、确定音素列表、设计上下文属性集和问题集。在HTS平台下构建越南语的STRAIGHT语音合成器。对合成语音进行主观评测。初步评测结果表明,可懂度基本接近100%,自然度还处在“可以接受”和“比较自然”之间。     

基于韵律信息的连续语流调型评测研究

汉语连续语流中的调型评测是汉语语音评测的一个重要环节,利用连续语流中韵律耦合效应和韵律结构紧密相关这一特性,以韵律词为基本建模单元,建立基于多空间概率分布的HMM调型模型(MSD-HMM),使得汉语普通话水平评测系统针对标准连续语流的调型识别率从82.0% 提升至84.6%;针对有方言背景的非标准发音,机器评分与专家评分的相关度绝对提升超过3.0%。     

汉语语篇理解中元指代消解初步

指代消解是语篇机器理解中的重要一环.研究发现,由于表示语篇本身某一部分而非语篇内容的元指代现象普遍存在,语篇元指代消解也就成为困扰着语篇机器理解实现的困难之一.对语篇中的元指代现象进行了分析,提出句焦点的概念,并在句焦点集的基础上,用优先和过滤算法实现了元指代的消解.在使用自然语料的实验中表明,句焦点集的作用对于元指代机器消解有重要作用.它丰富了语篇分析和表述理论,对汉语语篇分析理解中寻找元指代关系,从而完成连贯语篇意义具有重要意义.     

基于韵律特征参数的情感语音合成算法研究

为了合成更为自然的情感语音,提出了基于语音信号声学韵律参数及时域基音同步叠加算法的情感语音合成系统.实验通过对情感语音数据库中生气、无聊、高兴和悲伤4种情感的韵律参数分析,建立4种情感模板,采用波形拼接语音合成技术,运用时域基音同步叠加算法合成含有目标感情色彩的语音信号.实验结果表明,运用波形拼接算法,调节自然状态下语音信号的韵律特征参数,可合成较理想的情感语音.合成的目标情感语音具有明显的感情色彩,其主观情感类别判别正确率较高.     

基于正弦模型的语音频域参数编码

本文提出了一种基于正弦模型的语音编码技术，通过对语音频率，幅值和相位参数的分析处理，合成高质量的语音。在编码处理过程中，我们应用了语音叠加技术和频迹跟踪技术，以提高合成语音清晰度，实验结果表明，谝编码方式具有很好的顽健性，适合于不同来语的信号，使如带背景音乐的语音。     

一种基于Straight的语音焦点合成方法

针对汉语焦点的特性,设计了接近自然语流风格的实验语料。通过对语料的分析,运用CART技术,建立了焦点的韵律模型。在语音合成阶段,使用韵律模型生成语音的韵律参数,结合Straight算法,实现了语音焦点的合成。对合成效果的评测表明,该方法能够合成自然度很高的语音焦点。     

一个实用的汉语文语转换系统

本文首先简述语音合成技术和文语转换系统（TTS：Text to Speech)的基本原理,而后介绍一种可用来进行韵律修正的基音同步叠加算法（PSOLA）,最后介绍调素论在系统中的应用,使合成语音的自然度得以提高。     

一个实用的汉语文语转换系统

本文介绍了一个基于语音参数规则合成的汉语文语转换系统。本系统采用汉语音节和词汇作为合成单元，保留了音节构词时音节与音节之间以及音节内部的超音段信息，保证了合成语音的自然度；采用目前较成功的ＣＥＬＰ语音编码方法对合成单元进行压缩，在２０多倍的情况下仍能保证合成语音的高清晰度。作者在构建系统时对系统软件的完善考虑以及对用户编程接口的设计，使得该系统成为一个有广泛用途的汉语文语转换系统。     

基于HMM的可训练中文语音合成

本文将基于HMM的可训练语音合成方法应用到中文语音合成。通过对HMM建模参数的合理选择和优化,并基于中文语音特性设计上下文属性集以及用于模型聚类的问题集,提高其建模和训练效果。从对比评测实验结果来看, 98.5%的合成语音在改进后其音质得到改善。此外,针对合成语音节奏感不强的问题,提出了一种基于状态和声韵母单元的两层模型用于时长建模和预测,集外时长预测RMSE由29,56ms降为27.01ms。从最终的合成系统效果来看,合成语音整体稳定流畅,而且节奏感也比较强。由于合成系统所需的存贮量非常小,特别适合嵌入式应用。     

交互式电子白板在课堂教学中的应用

本文通过交互式电子白板和之前教育方式的对比,以及交互式电子白板在历史课堂上的种种合适的应用,描绘了一个高效的,生动活泼的,师生相长相宜的新兴历史教学法。     

High Resolution Tracking of Non-Rigid Motion of Densely Sampled 3D Data Using Harmonic Maps

We present a novel automatic method for high resolution, non-rigid dense 3D point tracking. High quality dense point clouds of non-rigid geometry moving at video speeds are acquired using a phase-shifting structured light ranging technique. To use such data for the temporal study of subtle motions such as those seen in facial expressions, an efficient non-rigid 3D motion tracking algorithm is needed to establish inter-frame correspondences. The novelty of this paper is the development of an algorithmic framework for 3D tracking that unifies tracking of intensity and geometric features, using harmonic maps with added feature correspondence constraints. While the previous uses of harmonic maps provided only global alignment, the proposed introduction of interior feature constraints allows to track non-rigid deformations accurately as well. The harmonic map between two topological disks is a diffeomorphism with minimal stretching energy and bounded angle distortion. The map is stable, insensitive to resolution changes and is robust to noise. Due to the strong implicit and explicit smoothness constraints imposed by the algorithm and the high-resolution data, the resulting registration/deformation field is smooth, continuous and gives dense one-to-one inter-frame correspondences. Our method is validated through a series of experiments demonstrating its accuracy and efficiency.     

Study and application of temporal index technology

This paper addresses the mathematical relation on a set of periods and temporal indexing constructions as well as their applications. First we introduce two concepts, i.e. the temporal connection and temporal inclusion, which are equivalence relation and preorder relation respectively. Second, by studying some basic topics such as the division of “large” equivalence classes and the overlaps of preorder relational sets, we propose a temporal data index model (TDIM) with a tree-structure consisting of a root node, equivalence class nodes and linearly ordered branch nodes. Third, we study algorithms for the temporal querying and incremental updating as well as dynamical management within the framework of TDIM. Based on a proper mathematical supporting, TDIM can be applied to researching some significant practical cases such as temporal relational and temporal XML data and so on. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60373081, 60673135), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (Grant No. 05003348), the Program of New Century Excellent Person Supporting of Ministery of Education of China (Grant No. NCET-04-0805)     

Type inference of SELF: Analysis of objects with dynamic and multiple inheritance

We have designed and implemented a type inference algorithm for the SELF language. The algorithm can guarantee the safety and disambiguity of message sends, and provide useful information for browsers and optimizing compilers. SELF features objects with dynamic inheritance. This construct has until now been considered incompatible with type inference because it allows the inheritance graph to change dynamically. Our algorithm handles this by deriving and solving type constraints that simultaneously define supersets of both the possible values of expressions and of the possible inheritance graphs. The apparent circularity is resolved by computing a global fixed-point, in polynomial time. The algorithm has been implemented and can successfully handle the SELF benchmark programs, which exist in the ‘standard SELF world’ of more than 40,000 lines of code.     

国内外标准法规比对分析系统设计与实现

为发现我国国家标准与国外发达国家标准法规的差距,从根本上提高我国国家标准的总体质量,提升我国产品的质量安全水平,以关键指标(因子)为核心,研究国内外标准法规比对的工作流程,利用面向对象的方法设计,实现了国内外标准法规比对分析系统。该系统适用于所有产品国内外标准法规的比对工作。     

An embedding of Timed Transition Systems in HOL

The theory of Timed Transition Systems developed by Henzinger, Manna, and Pnueli provides a formal framework for specifying and reasoning about real-time systems. In this paper, we report on some preliminary investigations into the mechanization of this theory using the HOL theorem prover.We review the main ideas of the theory and describe how it has been formally embedded in HOL. A graphical notation of timed transition diagrams and a real-time temporal logic for requirements have also been embedded in HOL using the embedding of timed transition systems. The proof rules proposed by Henzinger et al have been verified formally and we illustrate their use, as well as some problems we have encountered, by reference to a small example. More work is required on interfaces and proof methods to have a generally usable system.     

矿物与岩石的可见-近红外光谱特性综述

矿物和岩石的系统光谱学研究是当今高光谱遥感发展的基础。在简要介绍了吸收光谱产生的电子过程和振动过程机理后,系统归纳了主要矿物类型和岩石类型的可见-近红外光谱特征。认为矿物的吸收光谱主要由二价、三价铁离子和过渡族元素的电子跃迁以及晶体场效应等电子过程产生;此外,还可以由水分子、Al-OH、Mg-OH、碳酸根的振动过程及卤化物的色心和硫化物的导带产生;岩石的吸收光谱都是杂质、包体、蚀变及替代成分产生的,主要为铁、水和羟基、碳酸根、硼酸根的光谱。最后指出,不同物理、化学环境下的矿物光谱特征变异研究在将来的高光谱遥感地质勘察中将变的更为重要。     

Invariant analysis of CP violation

The invariant formulation of CP violation involves the generation of sets of invariant constraints for CP conservation, the manipulation of their expressions and the identification of complete and minimal subsets of such constraints. In this paper we present a collection of subroutines to deal with these tasks in a fast, reliable and systematic way, with examples for the leptonic sector.     

地方高校计算机专业实践教学体系改革

本文在分析了我国目前地方高等工科院校计算机专业人才培养现状和存在问题的基础上,针对社会对计算机专业人才实践能力的需求,阐述了我院构建的计算机专业实践教学体系,并对突出工程实践特色的教学培养方案制定,验证性、设计性课程实验的设置,毕业实习、设计手段的改革以及实践教学环节的管理考核体系进行了详细论述。实践证明,整个实践教学体系对提高学生实践能力是十分有效的。     

A fuzzy analysis of country-size argument for the Feldstein-Horioka puzzle

This study aims to analyze the effect of country size, represented by relative Gross National Products (GNP), on the association between domestic investment and saving, using data from a panel of 21 OECD countries. The countries are clustered into four groups with respect to their relative country sizes with an application of Fuzzy c-Means clustering technique. The novelty of this approach is that it is an unsupervised method that generates membership values between zero and one instead of binary values that take values of zero or one only. In addition to this it has the advantages of its tolerance to imprecise data and the ease of understanding. The results show that the saving retention coefficients are greater for larger countries except for the cluster which contains the largest country. Thus, this work presents only partial evidence that the country size affects the relationship of domestic saving and investment.