水声通信中信号均衡的仿真研究

针对水声通信中多途效应和环境噪声对信号准确传输的严重影响,为取得水声准确信号,提出了一种果蝇优化正交小波自适应软约束常模盲均衡算法,优化水声通信系统中均衡器的性能,确保水下信号传输质量.用正交小波变换降低了信号的自相关性,加快了自适应软约束常模盲均衡算法(SCS-CMA)的收敛速度,减小了稳态误差,并利用果蝇算法的全局快速寻优能力进一步优化了均衡器性能.水声信道仿真结果验证了新算法的良好性能,信号可在复杂水声信道中准确传输.     

ARC-FSK中程多载波水声通信新技术

海洋水声信道是一种极其复杂多变的时-空-频变参信道。信道通带窄、多途干扰强、衰落严重足水声通信高速可靠传输信息的主要障碍。该文针对中程（10～30km）多载波水声通信系统提出一种非对称升余弦频移键控调制（ARC—FSK）信号。该信号在频率调制的基础上，结合了非对称信号的稳健抗多途特性与相位调制（CPM）信号的高频谱效率，实现了最佳系统性能。理论分析及仿真结果表明：该ARC—FSK信号多释抑制有效，性能稳健，更适合于恶劣水声信道，在中程（10-30km）水下多载波（MC）高速通信中具有良好的应用前景。     

SCTCM在水声OFDM系统中的应用研究

针对信道带宽窄、强多途、强噪声干扰等影响水下信息高速、可靠传输的主要障碍,设计了一种适合水声信道的级连网格编码调制技术SCTCM与正交频分复用技术OFDM相结合的传输体制,可有效解决水下高速数据传输的带宽效率和可靠性问题;采用时变衰落、多途和加性干扰的水声信道模型;理论分析和计算机仿真结果表明使用该传输体制的水声通信系统能在数据速率不损失或损失很小但不增加带宽的情况下获得可观的编码增益,系统性能得到明显改善。     

水声信道的多模型模拟和试验

水声信道是一个时变的多径信道，且在不同的时间由于海面的状况不同而不同。为较好地实现水声通信．必须对各种水声信道进行较好地了解，研究出适合水下通信，尤其是水下实时通信的较为实际的模型，增加水下声通信的可靠性和水声实时通信的可懂率。该文在前期研究的基础上，将多模型方法应用于水下声信道的研究，并得出了相应的实验方法。     

水下无线传感器网络信道研究

水下无线传感器网络通信信道是一种环境噪声高、传播时延长、误比特率高、多径干扰、多普勒效应严重的时、频、空变复杂的随机信道。水下声信道的复杂性和多变性严重限制了水下声通信的性能。本文使用Matlab软件研究、仿真分析了上述因素对水下无线传感器网络通信性能的影响,为更好地设计无线传感器网络信道模型、合理的水下无线传感器网络拓扑结构以及低功耗、高性能的路由协议提供一定的参考依据。     

基于NS2的水声通信信道的扩展与仿真

研究水下信道通信优化问题,由于水下传感器网络在海洋数据采集有广泛的应用。水声信道具有高延迟、低带宽等复杂特点,影响信道通信质量。传统信道模型对网络仿真的效果比较差。为解决上述问题,对水声信道进行了建模,考虑了实际环境中各类噪声以及水温、盐度等因素对声信号传播的影响,并结合NS2进行了水声通信信道的扩展,最后在水声通信信道的基础上建立了一个多节点环境,对水声信道模型与实际水下环境的相似程度采用上述模型进行了仿真。仿真结果验证了信道模型的合理性,并反映出了水下环境中网络通信效果良好。     

水声扩频通信中多假设反馈自适应均衡算法研究

研究了复杂多变的水声信道条件下直接序列扩频-码分复用(DS/SS-CDMA)通信技术.本文将空间分集-多普勒频移补偿-自最佳自适应判决反馈均衡算法应用到水声DS/SS-CDMA通信,提出了基于码片速率的多假设反馈自适应均衡算法.应用该均衡算法可以恢复经过水声信道传输后扩频信号的相关特性.对实际的海上试验数据分析结果表明:算法以增加计算复杂性为代价显著提高了通信性能,在时变的多途扩散、多普勒扩散以及低信噪比的水声信道条件下可以保证低的通信误码率,算法性能良好.     

基于差分相移键控的水声数据传输技术研究

该文研究了四进制差分相移键控水声通信系统,给出了系统调制和解调的工作原理。该系统采用正交调制法生成DPSK信号,解调运用了互谱解调和差分正交解调两种方法。在无多径干扰及一定多径干扰的典型水下声信道条件下,比较了系统性能并给出了仿真结果。结果表明,在所选两组典型水声信道下,当信息以较低速率传输并采用互谱法解调时,即使不使用均衡器处理,在较小的信噪比下仍可实现信息的正确传输。而在以较高数据率传输信息时,在采用基于LMS算法的均衡器的情况下,极大地改善了通信的质量,降低了误码率。在一定的信噪比下仍可实现信息的正确传输。该系统也为构造实际的系统获取了一定的先验知识,并可提高实际系统的研制效率。     

利用阵元异振幅优化超声传感器阵列的指向性能

超声传感器阵列是提高超声指向性性能的重要手段,本文提出利用阵列中阵元发射不同振幅超声波的方法进一步改善发射阵列的指向性性能。通过与常规阵元同振幅发射模式的指向性进行模拟和实验比较,结果表明该方法在超声阵列阵元分布形式完全相同的情况下,获得的超声波波束不但能保证主瓣尖锐的指向性,而且能有效的抑制旁瓣数量和旁瓣级,避免能量分散,提高超声发射效率。     

小波束角超声测距仪的研制

目前的倒车雷达普遍采用大波束角设计,在此情况下易受干扰,虚警概率大;针对此问题提出小波束角超声测距方法,增强了测距的指向性,提高了抗干扰能力,探测范围限制在车身正后方;通过分析波束角与谐振频率、辐射面积及阵元组合的关系,设计出谐振频率为82.7kHz的3元线性传感器阵列,波束宽度为2.2°,满足小波束角超声测距的要求;设计了发射/接收电路,采用了推挽式功率放大电路,回波信号由C8051f300单片机电路处理,经实验验证,回波比较理想。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

基于AD9626的模拟信号采集存储卡设计

自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

A human-computer interface for non-computer specialists

The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users.