银杏叶提取天然活性黄酮工艺研究

用0．2％的氢氧化钠溶液从银杏叶中提取天然活性黄酮,分析了不同提取液、浸取温度、浸取时间、提取液的体积等因素对提取率的影响,得到最佳提取条件为：固液比为1：20、浸取温度为50℃、浸取时间为2h,在此条件下银杏叶中黄酮类似物的提取率是1．78％。并对所得样品进行红外表征和紫外表征,通过分析波谱图可以说明样品为黄酮类物质。     

废次烟叶中茄尼醇的提取工艺研究

采用有机溶剂浸取法提取湖南废次烟叶中的茄尼醇,单因素实验获得了其较佳工艺条件：正己烷为溶剂,浸取温度为30℃,浸取时间为2h,重复浸取时间为2次。在该较佳工艺条件下进行实验,提取率为1．25％,粗品产率为90％。     

天然红色素的提取工艺研究

对天然红色素的提取工艺进行了研究,通过单因素试验和L9(33)正交试验,研究了溶剂种类、浸取温度、固液比对天然红色素提取率的影响.结果显示温度是影响提取率的主要因素,最佳工艺条件是丙酮为溶剂、浸取温度35 ℃、固液质量比1∶5,红色素的浸出率可达到92.3%.     

碳酸钠溶液浸取钼酸钙的实验研究

以碳酸钠溶液为浸取液,采用正交实验设计法,研究了碳酸钠溶液浸取钼酸钙时的工艺条件.碳酸钠溶液的浓度、浸取温度、浸取时间等工艺条件对钼提取率的影响,确定适宜实验条件.实验结果表明,碳酸钠浓度是影响钼提取率的主要因素,浸取温度是影响浸取质量的次要因素,浸取时间对钼提取率有一定程度的影响;在适宜实验条件下,钼的提取率可以达到99.70%.     

银杏叶中黄酮类化合物的提取工艺研究

对银杏叶中黄酮类化合物的提取工艺进行了研究,通过单因素试验和L9(33)正交试验,研究了浸取温度、乙醇含量和固液质量比对黄酮类化合物提取率的影响.结果显示温度是影响提取率的主要因素,最佳工艺为浸取温度80 ℃,乙醇的体积分数为70%和固液质量比1:7,银杏叶中黄酮类化合物的浸出率可达到923%.     

赤泥脱碱处理和有价金属钛钪提取的研究

赤泥是用碱从铝土矿中提取氧化铝后排除的固体残渣。研究了用石灰脱碱,降低赤泥对土壤的环境危害,并提取其中贵重金属的方法。赤泥脱碱的条件：氧化钙用量占赤泥质量的5％～8％,质量分数20％的石灰乳与赤泥质量比为（3～5）：1,在80～90℃浸取2h,当原赤泥粒度小于180μm时,脱碱后赤泥含总碱质量分数〈1．0％。从赤泥中提取钪、钛采用两段酸浸工艺：先用6mol／L盐酸浸取,盐酸浸出液用质量分数1％的P507萃取,在50℃时用2．0mol／L氢氧化钠溶液反萃取,钪的提取率达90％以上;再用17．1mol／L硫酸浸取,酸渣质量比为3：1,浸取温度为200℃,浸取时间为2h,钛提取率可达95％。     

信阳毛尖茶多酚提取工艺研究

研究温度、料液比、浸取时间三个因素对信阳毛尖中茶多酚提取率的影响,并设计L9(33)正交试验进行提取工艺优化研究.结果表明:水提取信阳毛尖中茶多酚的最佳工艺条件为A3B1 C1,即温度为95℃,料液比1:25,提取时间20 min,茶多酚提取率为13.99%.     

功率超声浸取厚朴药材中的厚朴酚

研究了功率超声的频率,时间对厚朴药材中的厚朴酚提取量的影响,实验结果表明,超声频率为20KHz的提取量较高,提取时间以10min以上为宜,与冷浸法和超临界流体萃取法相比,超声法具有浸取时间短,提取率高的优点。     

硫酸浸取法从硫铁矿烧渣中提取铁的研究

研究了在常压下采用硫酸浸出法提取硫铁矿烧渣中铁的工艺流程及其主要的参数对铁提取率的影响。实验结果表明，影响铁提取率的因素按其重要性排列为：温度、时间及硫酸质量分数。当硫酸质量分数为55％、温度110℃、浸取在2h以上时，铁的提取率近50％。本方法设备及流程简单，成本低，无二次污染。     

酸浸法从高铝煤矸石中提取氧化铝的研究

试验分析了在用酸浸法从煤矸石中提取氧化铝的过程中,固液比、反应温度、盐酸浓度、反应时间、煤矸石活化时间、活化温度等因素对氧化铝浸取率的影响,并通过正交试验确定最佳条件,可使氧化铝提取率达到84%左右。     

米糠制植酸的工艺研究和进展

植酸是一种价格昂贵、用途极广的精细化学品。目前我国的植酸产品绝大部分属于中低档产品,另一方面,食品、日化、医药等行业对高纯度的植酸产品的需求日渐升温,我们应该大力发展植酸生产,加快产品的升级换代。生产植酸的方法有3种,目前仍以溶剂萃取法为主,对此法的生产和研发重点做了论述,指出了植酸以后生产研发的方向。     

植酸改性的明胶复合膜制备及其结构与性能分析

采用溶液共混法,通过添加不同比例的植酸探索制备植酸/明胶复合膜,测试不同植酸含量对复合膜的结晶结构、微观形貌、透明度、溶胀性和机械强度的影响,进而分析探究植酸对明胶膜的结构调控和性能改善作用。结果表明,与纯明胶膜相比,植酸对明胶有明显的交联改性作用,复合膜具有致密均一的内部结构,植酸通过极性基团的相互作用抑制了明胶的自结晶行为,使复合膜结晶度降低。随着植酸含量的增加,复合膜的可见光透过率下降,溶胀率变化表明植酸与明胶的结构重组能有效阻隔水分子的渗透。复合膜力学强度随着植酸的加入呈上升趋势,当植酸质量分数达10%时,植酸/明胶复合膜拉伸强度约为61.57MPa,较纯明胶的拉伸强度（50MPa）提高了约20%,但对断裂伸长率无明显作用。     

Evaluation of Simple and Inexpensive High-Throughput Methods for Phytic Acid Determination

High‐throughput/low‐cost/low‐tech methods for phytic acid determination that are sufficiently accurate and reproducible would be of value in plant genetics, crop breeding and in the food and feed industries. Variants of two candidate methods, those described by Vaintraub and Lapteva (Anal Biochem 175:227–24, 1988 ; “VL” methods) and Huang and Lantzsch (J Sci Food Agric 34:1423–1426, 1983 ; “HL” methods), were evaluated. The primary concern with these methods is that, due to interference of matrix constituents including inorganic P, they can overestimate phytic acid and are ineffective at low levels of phytic acid. Twelve seed flours, representing lines of soybean, maize, barley and dry bean, containing a wide range of phytic acid levels, were analyzed by a minimum of eight cooperating laboratories using three variants of the VL method and two variants of the HL method. No method had consistently acceptable (?2.0”) “Horwitz ratios”, a measure of reproducibility, although some treatments approached that. For example, one variant of the VL method when used to assay a soybean flour with a “standard” level of phytic acid had a Horwitz ratio of 2.15. Some variants of the VL method were adequate for analyses of cereal grains regardless of phytic acid level but none accurately measured phytic acid when at low levels in soybean flours. One variant of the HL method in which the 0.2 N HCl extraction media is modified to contain 10% Na₂SO₄, did accurately measure phytic acid levels in both cereal and legume flours regardless of endogenous phytic acid levels or matrix constituents.     

镁合金化学镀镍前植酸活化工艺

通过植酸活化可提高AZ31镁合金化学镀层的耐蚀性能。采用正交试验优化植酸活化工艺,利用金相显微镜观察了植酸膜的微观形貌,测定了植酸膜在质量分数为3.5%的NaCl溶液中的极化曲线及在化学镀镍液中的开路电位。结果表明,当植酸质量浓度为20g/L、温度为50°C、pH=8时处理25min,植酸膜具有良好的耐蚀性能,并且能够作为化学镀的活化层。     

植酸钠水解制取肌醇新工艺研究

开发了用离子交换树脂吸附法以玉米浸渍水为原料制得的植酸钠,再进行加压水解制取肌醇的新工艺。通过正交试验确定了最佳工艺条件,肌醇的平均收率达到０．１６％,产品质量达到国家药典标准。     

植酸在金属防腐中的应用研究

用失重法研究了植酸对金属的阻蚀性。分别以0.1 mol/L HCl、0.1 mol/L NaCl或0.1 mol/L NaOH为介质,配置不同植酸浓度的(空白自来水,0.5%,1%,1.5%,2%)溶液,并与相同介质下1.5%亚硝酸钠或1.5%磷酸二氢锌的溶液相比较。实验表明,对于铝、锌和铁三种金属,植酸对铝的防腐率最为显著,其中尤以植酸在NaCl介质中对铝的防腐性能最优,最佳防腐浓度为0.5%;对于锌、铁,防腐作用最佳的是空白自来水介质的1.5%磷酸二氢锌钝化液。     

Production and functional characteristics of protein concentrates

Protein concentrates derived from common dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) may improve world protein resources, reduce on-site preparation time and expense and provide improved nutrition. Several different methods have been studied for the production of these concentrates, including alkali extraction and isoelectric precipitation, ultrafiltration, air-classification and salt extraction under high salt concentrations. Recent studies using solid-solid dry roasting, pin milling and air-classification resulted in the following percent mass fractions: hull/fiber (10%), coarse/starch (70%) and fine/protein (20%). Results indicated that the protein fractions were approximately 45–50% protein, low in raffinose and stachyose and hadtrypsin inhibitor activity reduced to about half of that of raw beans. Nitrogen Solubility Index (NSI) ranged from 33–70% and was associated with the thermal conditions applied during dry roasting. The flours had a bland flavor without the bitter off-flavors which have traditionally limited the use of dry beans in formulated foods. Most minerals and phytic acid tended to be associated with protein flour; however, although iron may have been bound to phytic acid, its absorption by anemic rats was not hindered by the presence of endogenous phytic acid. These flours produced acceptable products when incorporated into cookies, doughnust, quick breads and leavened doughs. Presented at the 78th American Oil Chemists' Society Annual Meeting, May 27–21, 1987, New Orleans, LA.     

无毒植酸在金属防护中的应用

植酸是一种少见的多齿金属螯合剂,存在于油料和谷类种子中,因其特有的功能及天然无毒特性,目前在日本等发达国家普遍应用。通过对植酸结构分析,阐述了植酸在金属防护及电镀中的作用及特殊功能,综述了国内外植酸研究及应用成果。     

植酸的生产及应用开发

综述了植酸产品的应用及国内植酸生产工艺的研究开发;分析了植酸产品的市场开发前景。     

Effect of phytic acid on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of Ni coating

In this work, the pure Ni coatings were synthesized on Q235 steel by using reverse pulsed electrodeposition technique in sulphate-based baths with 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 g/L phytic acid additive. The effect of phytic acid on the microstructure and micro-morphology of the sample was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. And the effect of phytic acid on the corrosion resistance of the sample was studied by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The results demonstrated that the addition of phytic acid was in favor of the growth of nano-scale twins (NT) in the interior of grains, which was due to the lowered stacking fault energies of Ni during the electrodeposition, and the typical morphology of pyramidal islands on the surface. The results also demonstrated that the effect of phytic acid was not monotonous with increasing concentration: the passive current density i_p was minimum and the charge transfer resistance R_t was maximum for the sample obtained from the bath with 0.2 g/L phytic acid, indicating that the sample obtained from the bath with 0.2 g/L phytic acid showed the best corrosion resistance.