跨层反馈在无线视频自适应编码中的应用

为提高压缩后视频在无线信道中的容错能力,结合当前无线通信系统中广泛使用的自适应调制编码(AMC)技术和自动重传请求(ARQ)技术,提出一种新的基于跨层反馈的自适应编码方案。利用该设计方案,应用层可以利用底层的反馈信息感知到当前的信道变化并调整相应的码控策略来提高视频传输的鲁棒性。实验结果表明,与没有利用跨层反馈的其他方法相比,本文编码策略能提供更好的视频传输质量。     

实时无线视频传输容错控制算法

关于多媒体技术优化问题,针对易错视频传输中存在容错机制消耗大量信道资源的问题,为了提高视频服务质量,采用 NS2 和编解码器设计实现了一套实时无线视频传输仿真系统,提出了一种基于用户满意度的视频部分重传控制算法 UP-CA,以感知得到的终端用户视频满意度为基准,根据最小化带宽-失真模型和视频自身特性,选取出错数据帧的错误恢复模式.仿真结果表明.相对于 ARQ 算法,UPCA 能有效减少带宽,降低延迟.改进的系统极具扩展性,证明视频容错控制算法可为进一步优化控制提供依据.     

基于DirectShow的无线移动视频监控系统

提出并实现了一种基于微软DirectShow构架的无线移动视频监控系统。系统采用多路IP组播方式通过WLAN传输视频流,移动终端基于WinCE平台。视频服务器端的视频采集和移动终端的实时视频回放是采用DirectShow技术实现的。该系统比传统的有线监控系统具备更强的灵活性和移动性。     

基于MPEG-4视频流的QoS映射研究

基于XVID和实时传输协议(RTP)提出了一种MPEG-4视频流的服务质量(QoS)映射管理方法。分析了MPEG-4视频流特点、编解码软件和QoS分层管理方法,提出了基于RTP协议的QoS管理逻辑结构、不同层次上的QoS参数,即应用层和系统层QoS参数,以及应用层到系统层QoS参数的映射算法。在模拟网络环境下的实验结果表明这种QoS参数的映射算法能够保证MPEG-4视频流的服务质量。     

一种分层P2 P流媒体系统重叠网的构建策略

基于Peer-to-Peer(P2P)技术的流媒体应用具有部署效率高及可扩展性好等突出优势。而采用分层视频编码技术的P2P流媒体系统把原视频流分解为多个视频层数据进行分发,让节点能够选择与自己带宽资源相匹配的视频质量,使其很好地适应节点的异构性。但是各分层视频数据传输的路径存在较大差异,使重叠网构建策略面临更大的挑战。因此定义了基于分层视频编码技术环境下的P2P流媒体重叠网络构建问题,并证明该问题是一个NP难问题。提出了一种构建重叠网的集中启发式算法,同时还提出了一种基于视频组(Streaming Group)的分布式重叠网络构建策略。通过大规模网络仿真实验验证了基于该分布式重叠网构建策略的分层流媒体系统具备低服务器带宽占用、高数据获取率等优点。     

一种基于双CDMA信道的动态视频传输质量控制策略

提出了一种面向端对端的,基于双CDMA信道传输质量的动态视频传输控制策略.该策略包括:基于视频流编码特点的简单重传机制;基于分组丢失率的流量控制、视频质量动态调整及双信道轮转调度.模拟实验显示该策略能够提高基于双CDMA无线传输信道的实时视频流传输速率,并具有一定的稳定性.     

卫星链路上的SR协议性能分析

选择重传ARQ协议兼顾了停等ARQ协议可靠性高、退后N ARQ协议传输能力强、应用广泛的优势.传统的选择重传ARQ协议模型没有考虑窗口大小对协议性能的影响,导致选择重传ARQ协议模型分析能力不足.为此,通过对选择重传ARQ协议的运行进行分析,建立了与选择重传ARQ协议运行一致的数学模型,并通过仿真验证了所建模型的合理性...     

基于MPEG-4的FGS视频压缩技术的研究

精细可伸缩性视频编码FGS(Fine Granular Scalable)是MPEG-4标准的视频化框架中的关键性的编码技术。FGS编码方法生成两个视频流：基本层码流和增强层码流。基本层码流是必须传输的，并且码率低；增强层码流则根据带宽的实际情况来决定传多少，甚至不传，这种分级性的编码方式和传输方式使视频流有较好的鲁棒性。     

基于Ad hoc网络的联合多描述分层编码新方法*

提出了一种基于Ad hoc网络中视频传输的自适应插入过渡帧的联合多描述分层编码(AFI-MDLC)新方法.该方法根据相邻帧的相对运动自适应地插入过渡帧,然后将视频序列分成两个描述子,描述子独立分层编码后,生成各自的基本层和增强层,每个描述子具有独立的预测环路.多路径传输策略用于AFI-MDLC数据传输,同时利用ARQ反馈信道状态,实时调整传输策略.实验结果袁明,该方法与以往方法相比,能够有效地缓解误匹配问题,帮助解码器快速从随机错误或突发错误中恢复,提供更加稳定的重建视频质量.     

AVS视频的分层重传优化策略与实现

针对网络抖动等因素会影响图像质量的问题,采用差错控制与拥塞控制相结合的恢复技术,改进AVS视频数据在传输层的RTP打包,提出提高重传效率的AVS视频分层重传策略,通过令牌发放的方式控制数据包重传的次数解决重传导致网络拥塞问题。实验结果表明,在低带宽的网络下,该策略对AVS视频传输相对于无令牌发放的重传方式图像质量有一定的提高。     

精细粒度分层编码技术综述

随着Internet上流视频应用的增加，对于视频编码的要求也与以往有了变化，视频编码方法正经历了从单层到分层编码，再到嵌入式精细粒度分层编码（FGS）的变化，目前FGS技术已吸引了众多从事视频应用的公司和科研机构的注意，它有望成流视频的核心编码技术，本文主要介绍视频精细分层编码技术的产生，并分析了主要算法及其未来的发展趋势。     

Peer-to-Peer Live Video Distribution under Heterogeneous Bandwidth Constraints

This paper presents a new collaborative peer-to-peer (P2P) streaming framework for heterogeneous bandwidth capacity of clients. The proposed architecture aims for two primary goals: (1) providing higher streaming quality by making best use of the extra available bandwidth that might exist among heterogeneous clients and (2) providing robustness and resilience to high churn rate of peers by introducing redundancy, both in network paths (multisender overlay) and data (multilayered video content). For achieving these goals, we employ a gossip-based data-driven scheme for partnership formation and layered video coding for bandwidth adaptivity. To solve multilayer bitstream allocation problem, we proposed two algorithms, namely optimized transmission policy and graceful degradation scheme algorithms. The proposed system has a complete self-regulation and in a decentralized fashion. Extensive simulations show that the proposed system achieves higher quality of service through peer-assisted streaming and layered video coding. The results also show that the system outperforms some previous schemes in system overhead and reliability for dynamic node behavior.     

联合H.264和多码率Turbo码的无线视频传输

提出了一种无线视频流联合信源信道编码传输的具体方案,结合H.264视频编码,对其进行合理数据分割后采用UEP技术,并联合信道设计了一个支持信道UEP的多码率Turbo编解码器,同时把Turbo编码与type-Ⅲ HARQ混合自动重传请求机制结合以达到更可靠的数据传输保证。通过仿真实验证明,这种设计方法可进一步优化系统在恶劣的无线信道下的链路吞吐量和取得更好的视频重建质量。     

WuKong: a practical video streaming service based on native BitTorrent and scalable video coding

Many researches on peer-to-peer video streaming have focused on dealing with highly dynamic, high-churn P2P environment. Most of P2P streaming protocols were modified from a P2P file sharing protocol. Inspired by the high performance on peer-to-peer file sharing of BitTorrent, we propose an overlaying streaming mechanism on the native BitTorrent protocol and realize a practical P2P video streaming service, called WuKong. WuKong not only takes advantages of BitTorrent but also combines the video scalability of layered video coding. In this paper, we depict an overlaid streaming mechanism in WuKong and an adaptive layer-downloading process to balance between the video quality and bandwidth utilization on heterogeneous peers. WuKong is carried out by using an open-sourced library of the BitTorrent protocol, coding schemes of the Windows Media Video (WMV), and the Scalable Video Coding (SVC). We measured and compared the service quality of end-users served by WuKong on heterogeneous peers. In addition, we evaluated the effectiveness of WuKong with peers that are randomly joining and leaving the P2P network. The results show that WuKong not only provides high quality P2P video streaming services but also supports different scaling abilities over heterogeneous devices.     

Cooperative Media Data Streaming with Scalable Video Coding

Live peer-to-peer (P2P) streaming has become a promising approach for broadcasting non-interactive media content from a server to a large number of interested clients. However, it still faces many challenges such as high churn rate of peer clients, uplink bandwidth constraints of participating peers, and heterogeneity of client throuput capacities. This paper presents a new P2P network called LSONet, a collaborative peer-to-peer streaming framework for scalable layer-encoded bit streams. The contributions are the combination of the advantages of both layered conding and mesh-based packet exchange. With layered coding, it overcomes overlay bandwidth limitatioins and heterogeneity of client capacities. With mesh based overlay streaming, it can better handle peer churns, as compared to tree-based solutions. For achieving these targets, this paper employs a gossip-based data-driven scheme for partnership formation, and proposes two algorithms, optimized transmission policy (OTP) and graceful degradation scheme (GDS), for multi-layers allocation. The proposed system is completely self-organizing, and in a fully distributed fashion. Extensive simulations show that LSONet achieves higher quality of service by peer-assisted streaming and layered video coding. Also, through comparison, results show that the system outperforms some previous schemes in resource utilization and is more robust and resilient for nodes departure, which demonstrate that it is well-suited for quality adaptive live streaming applications.     

视频传感器网络中基于GOP与距离感知的协作ARQ机制

针对视频传感器网络协作通信的中继选择和多样性服务质量需求保障等问题,提出了基于GOP与距离感知的协作ARQ机制.基于传感器节点物理属性和MPEG-4编码算法,综合考虑了影响视频传输的各种因素,建立了网络状态感知分析模型,在此基础上建立了距离感知的中继选择机制,并根据应用业务需求确定最佳差错控制方案.数学分析和仿真实验表明,所提策略在视频播放质量、实时性和能效方面表现出了比传统ARQ和距离感知的协作ARQ更优越的性能.     

Objective quality definition of scalable video coding and its application for optimal streaming of FGS-coded videos

With the proliferation of video contents widely distributed over the Internet and the progress of video coding (e.g., H.264/AVC) and transmission technologies, more challenges need to overcome in order to meet the requirements of all users with diverse terminals. Video streaming over IP and wireless becomes a popular issue since the new century.However, there is little work concerning the quantitative analysis on the objective quality of streaming videos. Thus a strict definition of the objective quality and quality variation of scalable video coding (SVC) is required, in order to efficiently transmit video contents over Internet and wireless and reach an attainable subjective quality perception for end-users. Since FGS (fine granularity scalability) video is coded in bit planes, its enhancing layer can be truncated arbitrarily, as a case study of scalable video coding, an objective quality definition for FGS-coded video is introduced in this paper, based on MSE (mean square error) and PSNR (peak signal-to-noise ratio). This definition can also be generalized to any layered scalable coding videos, such as the traditional layered videos in BL + ELs (base layer + enhancing layers) formats or H.264/AVC in BL + CGS (coarse granularity scalability) + FGS structures, and it can be applied to design optimal algorithms for video streaming. Furthermore, It can also be taken as a measure to assess the subjective quality of streaming videos, by incorporating user preferences and terminal capacities.According to this definition, a quality optimal problem of scene in video segments is formulated and solved using the state transfer graph and dynamic programming. The optimal transmission policy is also obtained and compared with a real-time transmission algorithm. Different aggregation levels (segmentation granularity) of video segments for optimal transmission are also examined by experimental data. Simulation results validate our observations.     

Rate-sensitive leverage of QoS and QoP for ubiquitous video streaming via buffer-aware feedback control

Providing real-time Internet video streaming anytime, anywhere and using any devices from different access networks preserves more challenges to equilibrate the quality of service (QoS) and security protection (QoP). Because encryption/decryption for video packets are time-consuming processes to protect real-time video streaming services from eavesdropping, our observation is that the playback buffer occupancy (PBO) can simply indicate time availability to adjust security level to affect the packet sending rate. In this paper, we present an end-to-end buffer-aware feedback control from client PBO for effectively securing media streaming for heterogeneous clients over ubiquitous Internet. That is, security-level adjustments can be applied further to keep PBO running away from overflow and underflow to pursue an effective leverage between QoS and QoP. To further boost the protection, we also apply the Diffie-Hellman key negotiation method to provide the dynamic key changes. Moreover, since the running PBO will vary on the dynamics of Internet from access time, client devices and access networks, the different applied security levels and key changes during the video streaming session will make eavesdropper more difficult to recover all the encrypted videos delivered in public networks. We demonstrate the leverage performance in preserving both QoS and QoP for ubiquitous video streaming in our proposed schemes by comprehensive experiments on a true VoD system. The experimental results show our secure VoD scheme can achieve cost-effective leverage of QoS and QoP from different inserted network dynamics, even if client buffer size is limited to 256 KB only.     

基于P2P视频点播技术的流媒体平台设计与开发

随着流媒体应用在Internet上的流行,传统C/S模式的流媒体服务系统已经不能满足流媒体对服务器性能和高带宽的要求,严重阻碍了流媒体业务质量的提高和容量的扩大。本文介绍一种基于P2P网络的流媒体播放技术,它将P2P网络技术和流媒体技术结合起来,充分利用客户计算机的资源,减轻流媒体服务器和网络负载,突破了传统的流媒体播放系统带宽瓶颈,能够保持播放节目流完整而流畅。本文还采用MVC模式和Java语言以面向对象方法设计和开发P2P流媒体网站,利用P2P流媒体技术,实现校园流媒体的视频点播。