A novel couple-type power divider with large-angle low-losscharacteristics

A novel large-angle low-loss direction-coupler type power divider with designed ratio between output waveguides is proposed. The radiation loss is greatly reduced by using a micro-prism at the bend corner to compensate the phase mismatch due to bending. A normalized transmitted power of the power divider with a bend angle of 10° simulated by the semivectorial beam propagation method is about 93%, which is much larger than those were reported for single-mode waveguides. Application of more micro-prisms is also shown. The calculated loss of a symmetric large-angle 3-dB directional coupler with eight micro-prisms is less than 0.953 dB     

新型背光系统导光板技术

传统背光系统结构复杂,成本高等问题越来越引起广泛关注。国内外对新型导光板的研究有一定的进展,设计方法包括利用导光板表面结构控制光的出射方向,通过偏光效应增加导光板的光能利用效率或者采用性能更优越的新型材料等,以达到导光板一体化、轻薄化和低成本目的。文章就目前新型导光板技术进行了讨论,并对未来导光板的发展方向做出展望。     

侧入式无导光板LED平板灯的设计与实现

针对侧入式LED平板灯出光效率低、导光板(LGP)制造成本高等缺点,设计了一种无LGP窗式结构的新型LED平板灯,介绍了设计结构模型和光学模型。采用柱面透镜将侧面入射的LED发散光束会聚在出光面板上,并通过掠射和叠加方法实现出光面板的照度均匀性。分析了LED阵列之间的距离、LED灯珠的投射角以及LED阵列中LED的间距对辐射照度分布均匀性的影响,利用九宫格取值法和TracePro软件对所设计的LED平板灯进行参数优化。模拟和实验结果表明,当LED平板灯单窗格面积为240mm×300mm、厚为15mm以及平凸柱面透镜的曲率半径为4mm时,优化后的LED灯珠投射角为4°左右,LED平板灯出光面板上的照度均匀度可达85%以上,理论仿真结果与实验结果相一致。     

基于图像处理技术的激光直写导光板网点设计

为了快速高效地设计出输出表面照度均匀的导光板,采用了基于灰度图像处理技术的导光板网点设计方法,并利用TracePro光学模拟软件对2个LED单边入射的模型进行了理论分析和模拟验证,取得了模拟导光板表面照度值.结果表明,此方法设计的导光板输出照度均匀度可达86.7%,符合国际照明委员会(CIE)标准,经局部修改后均匀度可进一步提高到91.9%.该方法能够有效地设计出表面照度均匀的导光板.     

基于朗伯型反射微结构的LED室内照明光源设计

提出了一种基于朗伯型反射面的LED间接照明系统,即LED光源出射的光全部通过朗伯型反射面反射后再照射目标区域,该系统具有光源亮度均匀、灯具效率高等优点,很好地解决了高亮度LED点光源给室内照明带来的眩光问题。首先提出了一种能够很好逼近朗伯反射面的复合型微结构表面,并通过Lighttools光学仿真对其分布参数进行了优化,使最终结果在不同光线入射角的情况下,都具有较理想的余弦反射特性。在此基础上,设计了整体光学系统,使其实现了近180°范围的角度亮度的均匀性和高达84.7%的灯具效率,验证了间接照明方法的可行性。     

Study and design of step-index channel waveguide bends withlarge-angle and low-loss characteristics

By using micro-prisms, improved three-dimensional (3-D) bends of the embedded and buried waveguides of step-index profile are proposed. A simple phase compensation rule for the optimal design of the micro-prism is also presented. Through the simulation of 3-D semivectorial finite-difference beam propagation method, the transmission characteristics of the improved bends are shown to have been enhanced dramatically as compared with those of the conventional ones. Even for a bend angle of as large as 10°, the normalized transmitted power can still be greater than 95%. These results of 3-D bends are then compared with those of the two-dimensional (2-D) ones which are simplified from 3-D structures by the effective index method, and physical explanation of the discrepancy between the 3-D and 2-D results is introduced. The influences of waveguide structures and prism parameters on the transmission characteristics are discussed in detail. Some criteria for the design of large-angle low-loss 3-D improved bends are also accessed     

Design of an efficient projector for LED flat lamp without light guide plate

An efficient LED projector is designed for the LED flat lamp without light guide plate （LGP）, in order to get high-efficiency lighting capablility and low cost of LED flat lamp. By employing refraction and total reflection, uni- form intensity distribution of the emergent light and high-efficiency lighting capablility are achieved. The simulation results show that the output efficiency and intensity distribution on LED flat lamp panel depend on the distance be- tween projector and output panel, the rotation angle of the projector and the gap between projector and LED. It per- forms well in both lighting efficiency and uniformity, while a distance of 5 mm, a rotation angle of 2° and a gap of 1.2 mm are used with the panel size of 240 mm×360 mm in the LED flat lamp without LGP. And 96.6% of optical uni- formity is achieved.     

基于任意麦克风阵列的声源二维DOA估计算法研究

对基于麦克风阵列的声源定位技术进行了研究,分析了基于麦克风阵列的远场信号模型,并结合子空间的方法推导出了声源二维(水平角和俯仰角)DOA估计——2D-MUSIC算法,该算法适用于任意拓扑结构的麦克风阵列。利用MATLAB仿真工具,对几种典型阵列结构进行了对比分析,提出了2种新型的三维麦克风阵列:均匀球面阵和三维均匀直线阵。仿真结果表明,提出的DOA估计算法在二维的均匀圆阵、三维的均匀球面阵和三维均匀直线阵中,均能得到较好的DOA估计效果。     

基于补偿法的均匀照明自由曲面LED反光杯设计

根据面向理想光源的设计原理,提出了基于能量补偿和坐标迭代的自由曲面母线求解方法。在二维坐标系中建立系统模型,由反光杯反射光对直射投射光进行补偿,将反光杯右上边缘的光线反射到目标面左边缘,且随着光线下移反射光线逼近目标中心。根据Snell定律,以上边缘点为初始点,逐一迭代得母线上各点坐标,旋转或拉伸生成所求反光杯。在Tracepro软件中的模拟结果表明对圆形或正方形目标照度均匀性均优于85%,且系统能量利用率仅由LED出光角度和反光杯反射系数决定,该结构可使LED光源用于大范围照明。     

基于渐变线光源的高亮度集成成像3D显示

为了解决观看视角与亮度的相互制约关系,设计了一种基于渐变线光源的集成成像3D显示器,通过设置渐变线光源中每列线光源的宽度,优化微图像阵列中每列图像元的成像光路,建立了3D成像模型,通过几何光学推导了观看视角以及亮度的计算公式;研制了基于渐变线光源的集成成像3D显示实验装置,通过实验验证了可以在保持观看视角的前提下将3D图像的亮度提高为传统集成成像3D显示的4.5倍。     

一种基于介质加载的地球覆盖波束天线设计

地球覆盖波束天线为低轨卫星与地面终端之间的数据传输建立了通道,文中研究了一种新型的介质 加载地球覆盖波束天线。基于介质加载的方法,文中提出了一种圆极化地球覆盖波束天线设计,该天线由馈电网 络、馈源和介质三部分组成,介质包括底部圆柱部分和顶部半球部分,馈源集成于介质内部。设计的地球覆盖波束 天线工作在C 波段,轴向0°~64°范围内增益在0 dBic 以上,40°方向增益为5. 2 dBic。天线尺寸紧凑,辐射波束具有 较好的空间截止特性,可满足立方星应用。     

侧入式无导光板LED平板灯设计

针对侧入式LED平板灯出光效率低、导光板(LGP)制造成本高、设计流程繁琐等缺点设计了一种无导光板的LED平板灯。利用复合抛物面反光杯(CPC)将LED阵列发出的光束汇聚并投射在出光面板上,并通过掠射和叠加的方法实现了出光面板的照度均匀性。进一步采用Taguchi实验方法进行设计,并借助Tracepro软件仿真分析,将影响该灯具最大照度和照度均匀度的因子进行研究与分析,同时运用ANOVA理论分析出因子对品质的影响程度,进而优化灯具的各项结构参数,设计出一款均匀度95.87%、最大照度39 870 lx无导光板LED平板灯。结果表明:该平板灯的效果达到甚至超过目前市面上的LED平板灯,并且其无导光板的设计可以在很大程度上降低LED平板灯的生产成本;此外,将Taguchi方法引入平板灯的设计简化了设计流程。     

基于Trace-Pro软件的LCD导光板网点分布仿真与研究

针对目前背光模组的均匀度差和亮度低的问题,利用Trace-Pro光学仿真软件对印刷式导光板的网点分布进行模拟分析,着重提高光输出的均匀度。采取分块优化来简化设计,通过与网点面积密度比的关联,利用网点密度比、网点半径和间距三者的关系,进行相互转化,拟合出间距的整体性最佳化曲线,从而避免了重复建模和光线追迹。通过这种网点设计方法获得了高照度下均匀度大于90%的导光板的网点分布。将优化结果与实际导光板尺寸比较对比可知,间距平均值偏差1.6μm以下,半径平均值偏差±2.7μm以下。实验结果与计算分析结果吻合得较好,对实际生产有一定的指导意义。     

Towards implementation of floating cast method for growing large‐scale high‐quality multicrystalline silicon ingot using designed double crucibles

We report on our attempt to scale up the floating cast method to grow high‐quality multicrystalline silicon ingot using specially designed double crucibles. The cross section of the grown ingot showed the large crystal grain size originating from initially formed dendrite crystals around the top of the melt. By using double crucibles, the residual melt was spontaneously removed from the inner crucible to the outer one at the final stage of the crystal growth. Performance of small‐scale solar cells revealed no significant changes between the top and the bottom part of the ingot except the edge of the bottom due to the non‐uniform removal of the melt. This suggests that strong contact of the ingot with the crucible was successfully avoided by the double crucibles. Therefore, the floating cast method combined with specially designed double crucibles is concluded to be feasible, which could be implemented to realize high‐quality multicrystalline silicon ingot for practical size wafers. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种新型高增益、低噪声980nm微腔半导体光放大器的数值分析

提出了一种新型微腔半导体光放大器结构,该半导体放大器在普通行波光放大器的波导结构上引入了上下布拉格反射镜,并在波导前后两侧的上端面上分别刻蚀出入射和出射光学窗口,其上蒸镀增透膜层.信号光以一定的倾角斜入射到波导中,以之字型路线沿波导传播.提出了一个完整的、考虑了微腔特性的稳态模型,系统模拟了微腔半导体光放大器的特性.结果表明该微腔半导体光放大器的光纤到光纤增益可达40dB,而噪声指数只有3.5dB.     

热光效应的微流体光波导结构分析

提出了一种基于微流控芯片由热光效应引起的微流体光波导结构。光波导芯层及覆层材料均为微通道中同种不同温度的液体。在微通道的上下面分别设计金属铜电极,在电极两端施加电压,对通道内液体加热。通过液体热传导,使得接近沟道壁边缘层与沟道中间层之间产生由高到低的温度分布。根据液体热光效应,液体在不同温度下折射率不同,沿着通道壁边缘层到通道中间层之间折射率由低到高,实现折射率渐变型平面光波导。电极两端所施加的电压大小及加热时间长短控制微沟道内温度高低,温度的高低决定了液体折射率分布,从而调节光波导实现单/多模传输。这种可调谐光波导结构可望在微流控光学器件中得到应用。     

Designing a solution-processable electron transport layer for transparent organic light-emitting diode

In this work, the extensively used opaque metal cathodes of the conventionally structured OLEDs were replaced with the widely used transparent electrode indium tin oxide (ITO) for solution-processed transparent organic light-emitting diode (T-OLED). A new solution-processable electron transport layer (ETL), aside from facilitating the efficient injection of electrons into the T-OLED, protected the organic emission layer (EML) of the T-OLED against the plasma damage during top ITO cathode sputter deposition. The newly designed solution-processed ETL was the composite of the zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), and cesium carbonate-doped ethoxylated polyethyleneimine (d-PEIE) with the semi-hydrophilic poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) interlayer coated on the EML insured the good wettability and contact of the hydrophilic ETL with the hydrophobic EML. The solution-processed T-OLED emitted the total maximum luminance of about 2417 cd/m² (bottom side emission at 1455 cd/m² and top emission at 962 cd/m²), total maximum current efficiency at 3.12 cd/A (bottom and top emissions at about 1.78 and 1.34 cd/A, respectively), and total maximum power efficiency at 1.64 l m/W (bottom and top emissions at about 0.95 and 0.69 l m/W, respectively) while having a very high optical transmittance of around 85% at 550 nm light wavelength.     

新型双空穴注入型高效有机电致发光二极管

采用一种新型有机电致发光二极管（OLED）的阳极结构,在玻璃衬底上以半透明的A1膜为出光面,通过在空穴注入层（HIL）和空穴传输层（HTL）中间插入MoOa层,制备了底发射OLED。制备的器件结构为Glass／Al（15nm）／HAT—CN（IOnm）／M003（30nm）／NPB（30nm）／Alq3（60nm）／B...     

基于双稳态势能调节的仿生纤毛流速传感器

针对流速传感器的高分辨率需求,提出了一种基于双稳态势能调节的仿生纤毛流速传感器。该传感器由纤毛、电极层、上部结构层、中间连接层和下部支撑层等多层结构构成,其中上部结构层一方面采用不对称梳齿结构实现差分电容检测,另一方面布置周期性调制梳齿实现系统势能函数呈现双稳态。通过流体-固体力学-静电多物理场耦合分析,得到电容随流速的变化关系,分辨率优于0.001m/s,另外通过调制梳齿的静电场分析,绘制出系统势能函数曲线。最后,基于MEMS加工技术,通过设计合理的工艺流程制备出了该传感器。     

布拉格反射波导光子晶体宽光谱量子阱激光器

半导体宽谱激光在传感、光谱学等领域有着重要的应用.传统半导体宽谱激光器主要采用宽增益材料和全反射波导,采用简单量子阱结构制备宽谱激光器一直是个难题.作者首次证明了一种基于布拉格反射波导一维光子晶体的新型量子阱宽谱激光器,其结构主要包括In Ga As/Ga As量子阱和上下布拉格反射镜,通过偏离解理实现激光输出.研究发现在偏离角7°时,器件展现宽谱超辐射发光二极管特性,4.4°偏离角时实现了宽光谱激光输出,光谱宽度达到33.7 nm,连续输出功率36 m W.本研究为探索新型量子阱宽谱激光器提出了一种新的技术途径.