冷轧15钢的高压热处理研究

对原始组织为马氏体的冷轧15钢在CS-IB型六面顶压机上进行了高压热处理,测量试样的维氏硬度.采用X射线和TEM对其晶体结构和组织形貌进行了分析.实验结果表明：试样在6GPa实验压力下于350℃发生了回复;450-650℃发生了再结晶;750～850℃发生了马氏体相变,产物为具有体心立方结构的针状马氏体和具有密排六方结构的网格状马氏体.伴随组织的变化,试样硬度先升高后降低再升高.     

高强A516钢的显微组织及其对耐氢腐蚀性能研究

通过不同热处理工艺获得两种不同马氏体形态分布的铁素体/马氏体显微组织,然后结合显微硬度和应力-应变曲线,对不同显微组织试样的力学性能和耐氢腐蚀性能进行了研究。试验结果表明:经热处理后的铁素体/马氏体显微组织相比于原始组织具有更高的抗拉强度和屈服强度,而伸长率明显下降,且块状的马氏体相比于针状马氏体具有更高的硬度。在慢应变速率拉伸实验中,当硼酸溶液温度从50℃上升至150℃时,铁素体/马氏体试样的强度变化不大,当进一步上升至250℃时,强度显著下降;而其伸长率随着温度硼酸溶液由50℃升高至150℃而显著下降,当温度继续升高至250℃时断后伸长率变化不大,其中以马氏体形态以块状分布的铁素体/马氏体显微组织在硼酸溶液中性能恶化更为明显。     

热处理对75Cr1锯片用钢组织及性能的影响

对轧制态75Cr1锯片用钢在800~880 ℃进行油淬并在400~480 ℃进行回火,采用光学显微镜、万能力学性能试验机、冲击试验机及洛氏硬度计分别分析其显微组织、力学性能变化规律。结果表明,淬火试样组织为马氏体+残留奥氏体;随着淬火温度的升高,马氏体组织不断粗化;硬度随淬火温度的升高由800 ℃的59 HRC逐渐提高到880 ℃的68 HRC。随着回火温度的升高,试样组织由淬火马氏体转化为回火马氏体、回火马氏体+回火索氏体组织;强度、硬度逐步降低,而塑性、韧性相应提高。最佳热处理工艺为840 ℃（保温20 min）淬火+460 ℃（保温60 min）回火。     

回火温度对冶金锯片用钢8CrV组织及性能的影响

采用金相观察、力学性能测试等手段,对经300～460℃连续同火处理的冶金锯片用钢8CrV的组织和性能进行分析.结果显示:随回火温度的升高,其组织由淬火马氏体逐渐转化为回火马氏体、回火马氏体+回火索氏体及回火索氏体;试样的强度连续下降,屈强比略有上升.在420℃左右出现了回火脆性,冲击值、断面收缩率和伸长率发生明显变化,而硬度略有升高.     

热处理对30CrMo锯片用钢组织及力学性能的影响

对轧制态30CrMo锯片用钢在830～890℃范围内保温10 min油淬后,在380～500℃温度范围内保温60min后水冷处理。采用光学显微镜、冲击试验机及洛氏硬度计分别分析其金相显微组织、硬度、冲击韧性等。结果表明:淬火组织为淬火马氏体+残余奥氏体;随着淬火温度的升高,淬火马氏体组织数量增多,尺寸长大;硬度随淬火温度的升高由830℃的48 HRC逐渐提高到890℃的54 HRC。随着回火温度的升高,试样的组织由淬火马氏体逐渐转化为回火马氏体、回火马氏体+回火屈氏体、回火马氏体+回火索氏体组织;硬度逐步降低,韧性相应提高。最佳热处理工艺为860℃(保温10 min)淬火+440℃(保温60 min)回火。     

热处理工艺对含Y过共晶Fe-Cr-C堆焊合金组织与耐磨性的影响

制备含Y过共晶Fe-Cr-C堆焊合金,采用不同的热处理工艺,得到了不同基体的过共晶Fe-Cr-C合金。采用光学显微镜对其组织进行了观察,采用X射线衍射仪对其相结构进行了分析,采用硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机对其硬度和耐磨性进行了测定,采用扫描电镜对磨损形貌进行观察。结果表明,4种合金组织都是主要由初生碳化物以及共晶组织构成。焊态时,基体为奥氏体+部分马氏体;950℃退火后,基体为铁素体;950℃淬火后,基体为马氏体+残留奥氏体;450℃回火后,基体为回火马氏体+残留奥氏体。合金的硬度和耐磨性变化随基体组织的变化而变化,950℃退火试样硬度最低、耐磨性最差,950℃淬火试样硬度最高、耐磨性最好,450℃回火试样抗开裂性能较好。过共晶Fe-Cr-C堆焊合金的磨损机制主要是微切削和微犁削。     

应变速率对机车用钢锻件组织和性能的影响

采用Gleeble-3500热力模拟机分别用0.1、1、10 s~(-1)的应变速率对ZG25MnCrNiMo钢进行了热压缩变形试验,研究了应变速率对试样显微组织和硬度的影响。结果表明,当变形温度低于Ac_1时,试样组织为铁素体+珠光体,应变速率对组织形态影响不大,随着应变速率的增加,显微硬度先升高后降低,但变化幅度很小;当变形温度在Ac_1~Ac_3时,试样组织为索氏体+少量板条马氏体和铁素体,随着应变速率增加,板条马氏体的含量逐渐增加,铁素体含量逐渐减少,显微硬度逐渐升高;当变形温度高于Ac_3时,试样的显微组织为板条马氏体,随着应变速率增加,马氏体组织逐渐粗化,显微硬度降低。     

Q460 D高强钢的回火工艺

通过显微组织观察、室温冲击试验、硬度测试等手段方法,研究了传统回火与不同温度感应回火工艺对Q460D钢组织及性能的影响。结果表明:在250～450℃范围内,随着感应回火温度的升高,Q460D试验钢组织马氏体分解越来越完全,组织越来越均匀。450℃×20 min感应回火试样中马氏体分解完全,碳化物聚集并球化,比450℃×2 h传统回火试样组织形态更加均匀。随着感应回火温度的升高,试验钢硬度逐渐降低,冲击吸收能量逐渐升高。450℃×20 min感应回火试样硬度值为21.7 HRC,稍低于450℃×2h传统回火试样的23.2 HRC,冲击吸收能量为194 J,高于传统回火试样的185 J。     

退火和调质处理的40Cr钢的性能研究

对尺寸为?15 mm×20 mm的40Cr钢试样分别进行了840℃保温40 min炉冷退火、840℃保温50 min水淬和油淬以及淬火后540℃回火40 min空冷。检测了交货态棒材和热处理后试样的显微组织和硬度。采用JMatPro软件对40Cr钢的奥氏体化、马氏体转变和CCT曲线及淬火和回火过程进行了模拟。结果表明：交货态40Cr钢棒材的表面硬度为61 HRA;840℃退火后试样的硬度为49 HRA,组织为铁素体和珠光体;840℃水淬后试样的硬度为73 HRA,油淬后为71 HRA,组织均为板条马氏体;水淬和油淬随后540℃回火后试样的硬度均为66 HRA,组织主要为回火索氏体。     

时效温度对SLM 18Ni300马氏体时效钢显微组织和力学性能的影响

采用激光选区熔化(SLM)技术制备了18Ni300马氏体时效钢,结合拉伸试验、硬度测试和显微组织表征等手段,研究了时效温度(390, 490, 590℃)对SLM 18Ni300马氏体时效钢显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,SLM成形试样主要由Fe-Ni马氏体基体和胞状亚结构组成,经时效处理后,试样微观组织发生显著变化。随着时效温度的升高,胞状亚结构逐渐分解,马氏体逆转变成为奥氏体,Σ3晶界占比下降。同时,Ni₃X(X=Ti, Al, Mo)纳米相弥散析出,并在590℃时粗化。随着时效温度的升高,SLM 18Ni300马氏体时效钢的强度和硬度均先增加后下降,伸长率先降低后增加。其中,490℃时效的SLM马氏体时效钢兼具超高强度和较好塑性,这与其基体中弥散分布的纳米析出相、适量的奥氏体含量和较低的Σ3晶界占比有关。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.