全球饲料添加剂市场趋旺

在饲料中适当添加蛋氨酸、赖氨酸等可减少畜禽粪便对环境的污染.因此,未来几年内饲用氨基酸类的市场需求将不断增长,各公司纷纷进行扩建.目前,全球蛋氨酸的市场需求量为46.5万t/a,年均增长率为3%,中国则高达7%～8%.不过目前蛋氨酸市场没有太大起色,亚洲市场蛋氨酸价格已降至不足2美元/kg,因此各公司在扩建的同时力求降低生产成本.赖氨酸全球需求量为60万t/a,2005年可望达到85万t/a.全球苏氨酸的需求量约为3.3万t/a,其需求的增加可同时带动赖氨酸的消费.     

全球饲料添加剂市场趋旺

在饲料中适当添加蛋氨酸、赖氨酸等可减少畜禽粪便对环境的污染.因此,未来几年内饲用氨基酸类的市场需求将不断增长,各公司纷纷进行扩建.目前,全球蛋氨酸的市场需求量为46.5万t/a,年均增长率为3%,中国则高达7%～8%.不过目前蛋氨酸市场没有太大起色,亚洲市场蛋氨酸价格已降至不足2美元/kg,因此各公司在扩建的同时力求降低生产成本.赖氨酸全球需求量为60万t/a,2005年可望达到85万t/a.全球苏氨酸的需求量约为3.3万t/a,其需求的增加可同时带动赖氨酸的消费.     

饲料级蛋氨酸发展前景看好

自 1998年金融危机起 ,世界蛋氨酸业遭受了降价的打击。随着金融危机的结束及需求量的增加 ,2 0 0 1年起蛋氨酸市场呈现小幅上涨。目前世界各大蛋氨酸生产厂家都在“解决瓶颈”工程或新建、扩建生产能力 ,以期在需求强劲的蛋氨酸市场赚取最大利润     

国内外氨基酸市场分析（一）

逐一介绍了国外主要氨基酸生产企业 ,包括日本味之素公司、日本协和发酵公司、德国Degussa公司和美国ADM公司 ,分产品介绍了我国主要氨基酸生产企业。详细介绍了氨基酸的 3大消费领域 :饲料、饮料和甜味剂。 2 0 0 3年 1～ 7月我国赖氨酸的进口量为 4 3491t ,出口 5 0 5 5t。 2 0 0 3年 1～ 3月进口蛋氨酸 1.84万t,进口与需求整体平衡。国内氨基酸生产企业应尽快在产品结构、技术水平、开拓市场和企业管理方面提升能力 ,增强市场竞争力     

食品及饲料添加剂

Degussa建世界上最大蛋氨酸装置Degussa公司计划在比利时的安特卫普(Antwerp)建设世界上最大的蛋氨酸生产装置 ,生产能力为 15万t/a。项目投资约为 3 5亿欧元 ,是该公司最大的一项投资。该装置预定于 2 0 0 5年竣工投产 ,届时 ,Degussa全球蛋氨酸的总产能将增加 2 /3,达到 38万t/a。在安特卫普 ,他已有 1套蛋氨酸装置 ,另在德国的伟瑟灵 (Wesseling)和美国的亚拉巴马州莫比尔(Mobile)还各有 1套装置。在过去 2年 ,他对这 3套装置都进行了技改扩建。Degussa是全球主要蛋氨酸生产公司 ,其销售份额约占全球市场的 1/ 3。他的主要两大竞争对…     

全球饲料添加剂市场趋旺

在饲料中适当添加蛋氨酸、赖氨酸等可减少畜禽粪便对环境的污染。因此,未来几年内饲用氨基酸类的市场需求将不断增长,各公司纷纷进行扩建。目前,全球蛋氨酸的市场需求量为46.5万t/a,年均增长率为3％,中国则高达7％～8％。不过目前蛋氨酸市场没有太大起色,亚洲市场蛋氨酸价格已降至不足2美元/kg,因此各公司在扩建的同时力求降低生产成本。赖氨酸全球需求量为60万t/a,2005年可望达到85万t/a。全球苏氨酸的需求量约为3.3万t/a,其需求的增加可同时带动赖氨酸的消费。     

世界化学工业最终用户部门前景展望

1　汽车部门美国和西欧的经济增长减慢将导致汽车需求的减少和汽车工业生产水平的下降 ,这将对化工部门产生重大影响。投资银行ABN AMRO在 1篇报告中指出 ,2 0 0 1年世界汽车生产水平将下降 2 5 % ,2 0 0 2年将下降 5 6% ,复苏之路漫长 ,2 0 0 3年汽车生产可望增长 3 9%。欧洲许多家化工公司的经营与车辆生产有密切的关系。就销售额所占比例而言 ,汽车化学所占比例分别为 ,约翰逊·马瑟公司为 34% ,拜耳公司为2 5 % ,汽巴专用化学品公司为 2 2 % ,巴斯夫公司为 18% ,索尔维公司为 19% ,DSM公司为 16%。汽车需求量的下降导致塑料、树脂…     

2000年世界二氧化钛供应趋紧

据英国《欧洲化学新闻》报道 ,根据世界第二大生产二氧化钛的公司米伦纽姆公司的预测 ,2 0 0 0年世界二氧化钛需求增加 ,市场供应将趋于紧张。 1 999年世界二氧化钛需求的增长率为 1 %～ 2 % ,2 0 0 0年的增长率将为 2 %～ 3%。1 999年前 4个月西欧二氧化钛需求量比上一年同期下降了 1 7% ,由于下半年需求开始复苏 ,全年消费量将仅比上一年下降 1 0 % ,1 999年美国和拉丁美洲的需求增长率估计分别为 2 %和 1 % ,亚洲的增长率则高达 1 0 %～1 5%。据米伦纽姆公司估计 ,1 999年世界二氧化钛在 40 0万ｔ的基础上增长了 1 % ,许多公司都在扩大二…     

简讯

双酚Ａ需求持续增长2 0 0 0年全球双酚Ａ (ＢＰＡ)需求量为 32 0 0ｋｔ。其中 ,6 3%用于聚碳酸酯 (ＰＣ) ,30 %用于环氧树脂 ,7%用于专用树脂。据化学市场联合公司 (ＣＭＡＩ)分析家估计 ,直到 2 0 0 5年 ,ＢＰＡ的需求量将以每年7%～ 8%的速度增长。环氧树脂是ＢＰＡ的第二大终端产品应用领域 ,其需求将以 3%～ 4 %的速度增长。环氧树脂用于粘合剂、软包装、层压板以及电子部件封装剂。目前 ,ＢＰＡ生产厂家正在亚太地区建设新的装置 ,三菱化学公司计划在日本黑崎建设一个 10 0ｋｔ/ａＢＰＡ厂 ,并在日本鹿岛将其 10 0ｋｔ/ａ的工厂再扩建 …     

过氧化氢市场复苏

由于过氧化氢主要消费用户纸和纸浆市场持续复苏 ,今年过氧化氢需求强劲。生产商预测 ,2 0 0 3年过氧化氢需求将增长 4 %～ 5 %。今年 2季度业界对过氧化氢涨价 5美分 /lb的要求已得到认可。2 0 0 3年 3季度 ,过氧化氢装置开工率已从80 %多提升至 90 %左右。生产商称 ,市场本来已全面趋向平衡 ,但 8月底Eka化学公司在哥伦布的过氧化氢装置发生爆炸 ,导致产量降低 ,估计 4季度市场将趋紧。该装置经过一段时间的关闭后 ,近期部分开工。公司有关人士估计 ,装置要全面复工尚需几个月。预计 2 0 0 4年过氧化氢需求将增长 2 %～ 4 % ,装置开工率…     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.