强制性标准与标准体系

1逐步建立一个完善的抚准体系产品的研制生产不仅需要先进的技术规范作为依据，还需要有大量相关的其他标准作为依托，包括产品标准、结构件标准、零部件标准、工艺制造标准等。产品从研制到生产到使用，自始至终融贯于一个相应的标准化领域之中。那么，这个标准化领域该怎样才能满足和适应研制、生产、使用的需要呢？纵观一些发达国家，都十分重视研究和建立一个相对完善、统一的标准体系，以规范市场和适应市场经济的需要。如美国标准，就带有市场经济的显著特征，它尽可能地避免在标准中作详细的叙述或使用“如何去做”之类的语言，尽可…     

频谱基因控制的概念产品族设计

为提高产品族造型设计自动化,提出一种基于产品轮廓频谱分析及频谱变化的概念产品族设计方法.该方法基于链码对产品轮廓进行数字化表达,形成首尾相连的点序列,采用傅里叶变换提取出轮廓频谱序列.通过分析矩形轮廓傅里叶频谱特点及各次谐波对轮廓外形的影响,提出形状频谱基因的概念.以形状频谱为基础构建概念产品族轮廓的形状频谱基因序列,通过改变形状频谱基因成分实现概念产品族变型设计,并对产品变型遗传率定义了量化指标.以汽车侧面产品族的形状设计为例,验证了所提方法及遗传率评价指标的可行性.     

面向广义模块化设计的产品族规划方法研究

针对不同的产品结构特点提出了两种模块化产品族的开发模式，即基于传统模块的产品族开发和基于柔性模块的产品族开发，柔性模块是广义模块化设计的基本组成元素，提出并详细论述了广义模块化设计产品族体系的结构组成，提出了基于相似特征分析构建广义模块化产品族中柔性模块矩阵和产品矩阵的方法，以液压机产品为例论述了广义模块化产品族的具体规划方法。     

面向风格意象的产品族外形基因设计

为继承和传递工业设计中的产品族外形知识,保持特殊的产品族外形和风格,塑造差异化品牌形象,将生物界基因遗传与变异理论引入产品族外形设计中,提出一种面向风格意象的产品族外形基因设计方法。通过分析产品族风格意象,构建产品族外形基因体系,划分了基因层次,建立了产品族风格意象（心理的意象特征）和外形基因（物理的外形特征）之间的映射模型。以电话机产品为例,提取了风格意象和外形基因,计算了外形基因在各风格意象中的贡献率,基于映射模型构建了面向风格意象的产品族外形基因建模与设计系统,实现了产品族外形基因与风格意象之间的双向推理。该系统能提高电话机的开发设计效率,验证了面向风格意象的产品族外形基因理论体系。     

点焊薄金属板形状的选择

点焊广泛地用于薄金属板结构件的生产。合理选择点焊搭接形状是很重要的。它直接影响到点焊工艺、产品的美观和质量。这里列举出四组正确与不正确的薄金属极搭接形状的比较,以便选择适当的金属结构件的形状。     

飞机结构件加工特征定义方法研究

根据飞机结构件几何形状和加工工艺特点,对其加工特征进行了划分,并用分层式方法对特征几何拓扑进行描述;同时根据工艺规划和刀轨计算对特征信息的需求,提取加工特征的属性参数,并采用几何拓扑和属性参数相结合的方式来完整表达特征信息,从而满足飞机结构件数控编程过程中不同应用领域对特征信息的需求。     

车身结构件过程质量控制标准化模式浅探

车身结构件质量状态一直呈现缺陷形式多样性、多发性和批量性等控制难点。本文总结了车身结构件生产过程中质量缺陷形式,从风险识别的角度重点分析了标准化质量控制模式的要素构成,创造性地提出基于"标准化模式"的冲压焊接工艺质量控制体系和方法,对于生产实践过程中提升质量水平,增强质量资源的利用效率,预防和减少不合格品的产生具有很强的参考意义。     

面向大批量定制的可配置产品族模型及其规划

提出了可配置产品族模型的描述和规划方法。基于扩展的实体一关系语言，描述了可配置产品族模型的组成结构和可配置特征。分析了不同类型的个性化模块，以及可配置属性在产品配置设计中的作用。提出了可配置产品族模型中模块规划的一般准则和可配置属性的规划方法，以支持高效的产品配置过程，并保持产品族的共性最大化。最后，以蜗杆减速器为例，阐述了建立可配置产品族模型的主要步骤和优势。     

基于特征语言的产品族结构描述方法研究

针对大规模定制模式下的产品设计提出了一种基于特征语言的产品族构建方法.说明了面向产品数据的产品族结构和面向造型的产品族结构,以及二者之间的关系,为产品族结构中的约束关系和几何造型方法设计了特征语言描述机制,并给出了配置产品实例的方法,最后以仪器柜的产品族设计为例实现了系统原型.     

基于感性意象的产品族造型设计方法研究进展

用户感性意象需求驱动的产品族造型设计是一项重要设计策略。介绍了感性意象的定位方法,从定性和定量两个层面探讨了产品设计变量的分析方法,总结了产品族造型设计中形状文法、进化设计和模块组合设计方法。最后提出基于感性意象的产品族造型设计未来发展方向。     

A system for the design and manufacture of feature-based parts through the Internet

The Internet has enabled the development of applications for supporting the design and manufacturing of industrial parts and products. Some actions have been performed by some research groups in different parts of the world aiming at conceiving product modeling systems based on the technology of features to allow information sharing, both for the activities related to product development and for manufacturing. This paper describes the implementation of the WebMachining system () developed in a context of e-Mfg and concurrent engineering, aimed at integrating CAD/CAPP/CAM for the remote manufacturing of feature-based cylindrical parts with symmetrical and asymmetrical features through the Internet, using an approach based on multi-agent systems. The information referring to the features is manipulated through a relational database management system. The graphic user interface (GUI) is implemented in Java and HTML. In this GUI, the user inputs the information on the design features that compose the part. Then these data are sent to the server. Since the part is cylindrical, the user models the part in two dimensions, and it can be visualized as three-dimensional through VRML. A database was implemented that stores the information on the product modeled by features, containing information associated with the form features, material features, tolerance features and technological features. These combined pieces of information allow the mapping of design features into machining features, which is fundamental for process planning. The database information is described in this article through the IDEF1X information model.     

基于单层BOM的产品族配置管理研究

阐述了在大规模定制模式下产品族配置管理的需求,提出了一种基于单层BOM产品族配置管理模型及其计算机实现方法：采用单层BOM原理建立基础物料库,将产品族BOM结构树上每个节点所对应的零部件从基础物料库中映射出来,形成一个产品族BOM结构。在产品族BOM的支持下利用筛选规则和产品配置规则的约束来从基础物料库中自动选择满足产品设计要求的零部件。在实现产品配置的同时,解决了产品族管理中数据冗余的问题。     

多目标约束环境下的模块化产品族设计方法研究

研究了在多目标约束环境下的产品族设计方法。针对产品族结构和设计特点 ,结合大批量定制设计(DFMC)、产品生命周期管理等思想 ,以功能、装配和成本约束为手段 ,以产品族核心平台 (product platform)的求解为设计目标 ,给出了模块化产品族设计方法。通过对各种约束的量化和定性分析 ,促进了产品族设计的合理性和有效性。该方法对于基于核心平台的模块化产品族设计具有良好的可行性     

基于产品族结构树的定制产品成本估算方法

针对现有的面向大规模定制的产品成本估算方法存在的缺陷和不足,提出了基于产品族结构树的定制产品成本估算方法。该方法是在产品族结构树的基础上将定制产品划分为公共零部件和个性化零部件,个性化零部件进一步分为标准件、外协件、相似件和新零件,针对不同性质的零件采用不同的成本估算方法。因此,定制产品成本估算的关键在于相似件和新零件的成本估算,其中,相似件采用基于实例的推理技术依据相似实例的成本进行估算,新零件采用基于特征的方法计算,最终确定定制产品的总成本。最后以MK2110内圆磨床为例,开发了包括成本估算功能的产品定制设计原型系统,验证了该方法的合理性。     

非圆等宽截型零件的车铣加工运动设计

从非圆等宽截型零件的型线描述着手，给出了等宽截型零件的截面廓形设计方法，提出了任意非圆等宽截型零件的车铣组合加工新模型，并通过模拟仿真证明了有关理论与方法的可行性。同时，根据模型构造了非圆等宽截型零件加工机床的基本结构形式，并进行了机床运动设计及运动轴配置。为非圆零件通用化加工机床的产业化提供了较好的理论基础。     

面向产品族的设计方法学

开展产品族设计是实现大批量定制生产哲理的有效保证,也是对传统设计方法学的扩展与完善。介绍了产品族设计的基本思想和相关概念,对比了传统设计方法学和面向产品族设计的差异,并从产品设计过程中的需求建模、功能原理建模和结构设计建模三个方面阐述了产品族设计建模方法。为企业开展产品族设计提供了方法学指导。     

A concurrent engineering based method for developing a baby carriage

An integrated concurrent engineering methodology for developing a baby carriage is proposed. The development process is divided into three stages for considering the design, manufacture, and assembly problems. The product is first designed based on design criteria to ensure the best matching of needs and requirements. Then the parts and machine tools are coded using group technology (GT). The machine groups and the parts to be processed are given in matrix form using the production flow analysis (PFA) method. The machine cells are arranged based on the balance analysis of process time, and a flexible manufacturing system (FMS) is planned. Finally, the assembly line is planned based on the relationship of the parts. Some related parts are collected as a subassembly system. After the subassembly is decided, the work stations are arranged based on the required assembly time to obtain a high-performance assembly line. The results show that not only is the production cost of the product reduced, but also that the competitive properties are improved. This model can also be applied to develop other products.     

Mechanical Product Disassembly Sequence and Path Planning Based on Knowledge and Geometric Reasoning

A feature-based assembly model is proposed for disassembly sequence planning, and establishing a correct and practical disassembly path for the part in the product, based on geometric reasoning and knowledge. The fundamental assembly modelling strategy for a product is based on the mating features of its parts. An algorithm is introduced which uses the information provided by the mating features of parts in the product to find the candidate parts for disassembly and to carry out disassembly path planning. A complete and accurate interference checking approach is used to ensure no global collision while disassembling a part. In some cases, it cannot be implemented by geometric reasoning alone, so a set of criteria and heuristic rules based on knowledge, constraints, relationships among parts, and quantitative disassemblability assessment are used. It can also be carried out interactively by the user when necessary. The proposed method is integrated with the CAD model of the product. The user can visually disassemble the product while planning, so it is easier to carry out the disassembly planning and generate an optimal sequence.     

Recognition of undercut features and parting surface of moulded parts using polyhedron face adjacency graph

An injection or die-casting mould is an assembly of parts containing an impression into which molten material is injected. In this article, the undercuts present in mould parts are divided into basically two parts: completely visible and partially visible. A graph-based approach is proposed to identify these undercuts even for the free form objects. Unlike conventional graph based methods a new polyhedron face adjacency graph (PFAG) is proposed with the key concept of visibility of undercuts by using Bezier surface. A rule-based approach is also discussed to automatically generate an optimal parting surfaceof irregular moulded parts. Since the generation of parting surface plays an important and effective role in mould – die design, thus it is essential to develop a simple and robust algorithm based on proposed methodology, which can effectively tackle the problem. Different case studies show that the proposed method can recognize various undercut features without much difficulty.