塑料发光材料的研究

通过对长余辉蓄能发光粉(以下简称发光粉)的包覆处理,改善了塑料发光材料的发光效果。采用硬脂酸、二甲基硅油、硅烷偶联剂及SiO2溶胶分别包覆发光粉,发现对发光粉进行包覆处理后,塑料材料的发光效果均比未包覆的好;经二甲基硅油包覆发光粉制成的塑料发光材料的相对发光强度最高;以硬脂酸包覆的方法未能如其他包覆方法那样有效地阻断机器加工对发光粉发光性能的削弱。     

碳化物的添加对长余辉发光陶瓷性能的影响

采用SrAl_2O_4∶Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+)的长余辉发光粉与陶瓷复合制得长余辉发光陶瓷(以下简称发光陶瓷),通过添加微量还原性碳化物、氮化物能使发光余辉时间延长,解决长余辉发光粉与陶瓷复合后余辉减短的问题。     

铝酸锶发光粉的表面改性及其在水性乳胶漆中的应用

采用化学沉淀法对SrAl2O4:Eu2 ,Oy3 长余辉发光粉进行二氧化硅包覆改性处理,可以有效改善发光粉的耐水性能,同时对发光粉的长余辉发光特性影响不大.以改性后的发光粉为颜料配置的乳胶漆具有贮存稳定性、耐水性好等优点.     

长余辉发光材料的硅溶胶表面包覆研究

采用正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）为原料，通过溶胶-凝胶法对铝酸锶型长余辉发光粉颗粒表面包覆氧化硅膜，防止发光粉的水解失效。试验以草酸作催化剂，分别讨论了乙醇、水、催化剂对包膜效果的影响，最终确定硅溶胶制备的工艺条件[n（TEOS）：n（EtOH）：n（H2O）为1：4：8]。经耐水性、激发光谱、发射光谱以及长余辉性能测试，发光粉与SiO2的比为10：4时就可以很好地防止水解，晶体结构不会发生变化，初始亮度为包膜前的95.9％，余辉时间长达12h。     

稀土长余辉涂料的发光性能研究

本文通过对SrAl2O4．Eu，Dy长余辉发光涂料进行发光学研究，得出涂料母体对SrAl2O4：Eu，Dy长余辉发光粉的发光不存在明显影响的结论。同时利用二级e指数衰减公式研究了长余辉发光涂料的发光动力学，并测得其快衰减寿命和慢衰减寿命的数值。     

专利信息

一种蓄能发光陶瓷及其制备方法 本发明涉及一种蓄能发光陶瓷,由长余辉发光粉及普通陶瓷表面釉层结合而成,长余辉发光粉粒度为300目及以上。蓄能发光陶瓷的制备方法如下：（1）将粒度为300目及以上的长余辉发光粉及传统的陶瓷贴花纸专用颜料,     

微波法制备Ba_2SiO_4:Eu荧光材料及其性能研究

主要研究了稀土Eu元素掺杂的Ba_2SiO_4长余辉荧光粉,利用原位微波烧结法合成稀土Eu元素掺杂Ba_2SiO_4长余辉荧光粉,借助XRD对样品的物相进行了表征;通过测量样品的激发和发射光谱考察样品的发光性质及稀土掺杂浓度对样品发光强度的影响;利用SEM观察样品的微观形貌;通过测量样品的余辉曲线研究了样品的余辉性质。结果显示,样品都可用紫外激发呈现为红色,伴随着掺杂Eu离子浓度的升高而升高,当稀土铕离子摩尔浓度为0.11时样品具有最好的荧光性能。     

关于稀土长余辉涂料的发光性能研究

通过对SrAl2O4Eu,Dy长余辉发光涂料进行发光学研究,得出涂料母体对SrAl2O4Eu,Dy长余辉发光粉的发光不存在明显影响的结论,同时利用二级e指数衰减公式研究了长余辉发光涂料的发光动力学,并测得其快衰减寿命和慢衰减寿命的数值。     

凝胶法制备稀土掺杂的超细SrAl2O4基发光材料及其性能研究

利用凝胶法首次合成出了亮度高，余辉时间长，粒径约20－80nm的SrAl2O4：Eu,Dy超细光致发光粉体，并对其发光性能与高温固相反应法制得的试样进行了比较。结果发现，其发射光谱和激发光谱的主峰位置较之固相法产品均出现了明显的蓝移（λex:320nm→304nm,360nm→323nm,λem:520nm→500nm)。余辉衰减曲线表明，该法合成的发光粉体，其余辉衰减速度相对固相法合成的发光粉体要快，并且也存在快速衰减和慢衰减两个过程。并认为蓝移现象以及余辉衰减变快，主要归因于发光粉体纳米粒子的量子尺寸效应的影响。     

稀土长余辉发光涂料的发光研究

通过对SrAl2O4:Eu,Dy长余辉发光涂料进行发光学研究,得出涂料母体对SrAl2O4:Eu,Dy长余辉发光粉的发光不存在明显影响的结论,同时利用二级e指数衰减公式研究了长余辉发光涂料的发光动力学,并测得其快衰减寿命和慢衰减寿命的数值。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.