涡旋机械的涡圈始端型线研究

涡旋机械中涡圈的始端型线不但影响排气角或压缩过程，而且与涡旋机械的整机性能主涡圈始端部分的强度有密切联系。目前关于涡圈始端型线的修正方法有几种，本文则在分析这几种修正方法的基础上提一种改进方法并且予以图解论证。     

涡旋式压缩机涡旋齿线型修正的图解法和修正角的研究

线型修正在涡旋式压缩机的理论研究和设计中是一个十分关键和重要的问题。本文在分析切削加工过程中刀具对渐开线型涡旋齿的干涉现象及其对排气角和压缩比的影响的基础上,作者提出了一种新的线型修正的图解方法,并且首次提出了修正角的概念。采用这种修正方法,当取修正角值为零时,涡旋压缩机的排气角可达2π,实现了零余隙压缩。一组由此方法所得到的加工要素在产品试制中被采用,样机实验结果表明涡旋齿合状况良好。     

涡旋齿端型线的三角函数类修正研究

在深入研究涡旋压缩机型线包络啮合原理的基础上,提出了涡旋齿端型线的三角函数类修正几何理论,给出了齿端型线的通用修正方程并探讨了各种可能的修正形式.采用等距线法导出了任意封闭压缩腔容积的通用解析表达式和内容积比计算公式.系统地分析了各修正参数对涡旋齿端形状、压缩机内容积比和气体载荷特性的影响,精确地给出了它们之间的定量关系,总结了修正参数变化与容积效率、摩擦泄漏损失变化之间的规律,指出了三角函数类修正与圆弧类修正的转化条件.上述结论同样适用于其他涡旋型机械的型线修正.     

贝塞尔曲线在涡旋型线齿端加强中的应用

针对涡旋压缩机涡旋型线齿端部分壁厚较小,强度较低的问题提出了一种新的型线加强方法,替代了传统的圆渐开线与直线和多段圆弧相连的齿端形式,对齿端圆弧部分和圆渐开线啮合部分的平滑过渡条件C_0、C_1、C_2连续进行了分析,采用一条贝塞尔曲线连接圆渐开线与圆弧的新型齿端加强方法,此方法有效地改善了涡旋线齿端强度较低的问题,提高了涡旋压缩机的可靠性。     

驱动轴承内嵌式涡旋压缩机特性分析

对驱动轴承内嵌于动涡旋齿中的涡旋式压缩机的几何特性进行了研究分析，引入了涡旋型线始端展角和终端展角，使吸气容积、吸气角、排气容积、排气角、内容积比等几何参数计算式的应用更为方便，它不仅适用于涡旋型线为整数圈的情况，而且也适用于涡旋型线为非整数圈的情况。将动涡旋的驱动轴承安置于涡旋齿中，可以在结构设计上达到减少气体力和动涡旋离心惯性力对动涡旋产生的倾覆力矩的目的，从而改善了驱动轴承的受力状况。延长了使用寿命。     

双头涡旋齿涡旋压缩机气体力分析

详细分析了整数圈数双头涡旋齿涡旋盘所受的切向力气体力、法向气体力、轴向气体力，提出了在任意曲轴转角下的各种气体力及各个工作腔容积的计算公式。通过对相同排气量的单、双头涡旋齿涡旋盘气体力比较得出：双头涡旋齿涡旋盘所产生的气体力大，是单头涡旋齿涡旋盘所受气体力的1．1—1．5倍；双头涡旋齿涡旋盘所受气体力的波动小，是单头涡旋齿涡旋盘气体力的波动的1/3-1/5。所以双头涡旋齿结构更适合排气量大的场合。通过分析整数圈数及非整数圈数的双头涡旋齿涡旋盘的几何关系，提出了非整数圈数双头涡旋齿涡旋盘的气体力模型。研究结果可在双头涡旋齿涡旋压缩机的设计和研究中直接应用。     

汽车前轮转向角测试误差修正算法研究

提出一种利用汽车转向桥机械结构特性解决汽车转向轮转向角测试误差修正的算法,通过该算法可计算出汽车轮胎准确的零转角起点位置,进而对转角测试数据进行修正,以此计算出准确的左右轮最大转向角及相关角,解决了目前汽车转向轮转向角测试数据准确度低、重复性差的问题。     

制冷系统含油量对制冷压缩机工作性能影响的理论分析和实验研究

为研究制冷系统含油量对制冷压缩机工作性能的影响，建立了汽车空调用涡旋式压缩机工作过程数学模型，对压缩过程进行了计算模拟。并在汽车空调压缩机性能测试台上，进行了变含油量、变转速和变工况实验，得到了流入压缩腔内的润滑油量与压缩机容积效率、压缩功率损失、排气温度、制冷量和COP的关系曲线。研究结果表明：理论计算结果和实验结果符合较好；压缩腔内油气质量百分比为7％～9％时，压缩机工作性能较为理想。     

梯形截面涡旋压缩机的型线设计及泄漏特性

电动汽车整车热管理系统需要搭载大排量的涡旋压缩机以适应多工况高负载的设计需求。本文提出一种大排量涡旋压缩机的型线设计方法,通过经实验校正的仿真模型研究了梯形截面涡旋压缩机的几何特性及泄漏特性。计算结果表明：梯形截面涡旋压缩机在保证齿根强度校核的前提下,平均壁厚降低29.9%,排量提升19.5%。研究型线设计参数对泄漏特性的影响,发现梯形截面涡旋压缩机的内泄漏率与等壁厚涡旋压缩机相差不足2%,具有良好的应用前景。     

数码涡旋空调压缩机在速冻领域的应用分析

本文通过对数码涡旋空调压缩机原理的研究,提出采用数码涡旋压缩机配组方式实现双级压缩的方案,阐述了采用的一级节流、中间不完全冷却方式进行热力计算的方法。在最佳中间压力和输气容积比的调节上,采用数码涡旋压缩机具有很强的优势。     

转子压缩机与涡旋压缩机的对比与发展

空气源热泵压缩机的性能是适合不同气候条件的热泵的关键。本文回顾了转子与涡旋压缩机的发展历程,早期房间空调器用压缩机为活塞式,后期出现了转子压缩机和涡旋压缩机,压缩机效率得以提升。转子式压缩机和涡旋式压缩机均向适应低环境温度工况的方向发展。介绍了影响这两种压缩机发展的关键技术,改进电机与压缩机的结构来提升压缩机效率,通过变压比、喷气增焓、部分负荷下调节等技术,提升了压缩机系统性能系数COP与综合部分负荷性能系数IPLV(H)。采用直流电机替代交流电机,可提高两种压缩机的电机效率和频率调节范围。通过对涡旋压缩机进行不对称涡旋盘设计,可减小噪音与泄漏量;对转子压缩机的双转子进行对称布置,增大了压缩机的容量。带排气阀的涡旋压缩机可在一定程度上实现变压缩比,而转子式压缩机有排气阀,在变工况方面具有明显的优势。两种压缩机均可采用喷气增焓技术,实现热泵低环境温度较大的压缩比。     

Mathematical modeling of scroll compressors — part II: overall scroll compressor modeling

This paper presents the development of a comprehensive simulation model of a horizontal scroll compressor, which combines a detailed compression process model (Chen Y., Halm N., Groll E., Braun J. Mathematical modelling of scroll compressors — part I: compression process modeling, International Journal of Refrigeration 2002;25(6):731–750) and an overall compressor model. In the overall model, compressor components are analyzed in terms of nine different elements. Steady state energy balance equations are established applying the lumped capacitance method. In combination with the detailed compression process model, these equations were implemented into computer code and solved recursively. In this way, the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant in different compressor chambers, the temperature distributions in the scroll wraps, and the temperatures of the other compressor elements can be obtained. Thereafter, power consumption and efficiency of the compressor can be calculated. Tests were used to verify the overall model on a macroscopic basis. Using the simulation program based on the overall compressor model, a parametric study of the scroll compressor was performed, and the effects of internal leakage and heat transfer losses were investigated and some preliminary results were obtained. These results indicate that the comprehensive scroll compressor model is capable of predicting real compressor behavior and useful to the design and optimization of scroll compressors.     

Experimental investigation on convective heat transfer mechanism in a scroll compressor

This paper describes an experimental study on the convective heat transfer inside the scroll compressor. An experimental refrigeration system is composed with extensive instrumentations in the compressor that is operated at variable speeds. The 13 thermocouples installed inside the compressor monitor the temperatures of the scroll wrap during compression process of refrigerant. The temperature and the pressure of refrigerant at suction, and the pressure at discharge ports are measured, and applied to the numerical simulation as the operating condition parameters. The temperature measured at the discharge port is used to verify the simulation result with relevant heat transfer coefficient. This paper describes the effect of motion of the orbiting scroll on the convective heat transfer in the scroll wraps. Separate experiments are performed to investigate the heat transfer in such a peculiar physical condition. With this experimental result, the effect of the oscillation of the wall on the heat transfer is quantitatively analyzed and applied to the simulation of compression process in scroll compressor. The whole consecutive compression processes in the scroll compressor is simulated in detail by solving equations of mass and energy balance for the refrigerant. The modified heat transfer coefficient correlation considering the effect of motion of the orbiting scroll predicts the discharge temperature better than other typical heat transfer coefficients.     

涡旋式压缩机在低温冷冻领域应用的实验研究

针对带HVE阀设计的半封闭卧式涡旋式压缩机,与当前冷冻市场上广泛使用的一款活塞式压缩机的性能进行对比测试。测试结果表明:由于喷气增焓的作用,随着系统压比的增大,涡旋式压缩机在制冷量方面表现出明显的优势。当蒸发温度为-25℃时,其制冷量与活塞式压缩机的比值,从25℃冷凝温度的约90%,提高到50℃冷凝温度的约130%。与活塞式压缩机相比,在上述运行工况下,涡旋式压缩机的性能也有所提升,当蒸发温度为-25℃时,R404A涡旋式压缩机的EER比活塞式压缩机的提高约2%~8%;R22涡旋式压缩机的EER比活塞式压缩机的提高2%~3%(冷凝温度为25℃时),冷凝温度为50℃时提高4%~5%。     

涡旋式单机准双级压缩系统的分析与应用

目前,制冷行业内关于双级压缩的理论和研究都是相对于活塞式压缩机和螺杆式压缩机而言,在涡旋式压缩机日益盛行的今天,迫切需要关于涡旋式双级压缩的试验和应用。本文从实际应用出发,介绍涡旋式单机准双级压缩系统的优点、计算及其在机组中的实际应用,最后从试验的角度验证涡旋式单机准双级压缩机的优点。     

Optimization of refrigeration system with gas-injected scroll compressor

Gas refrigerant injection has been proven as an effective method to improve the performance of the scroll compressor and its refrigeration system under high compression ratio working conditions. Much research on the injected scroll compressor and its system has been conducted, but the universal control and design method is still lacking. A model of the refrigeration system with a gas-injected scroll compressor is developed in this paper. With this model, the effects of gas injection on the system and component parameters are investigated. Based on the identified evaporator characteristics and thermodynamic analysis, a set of general principles for the design and operation of the refrigeration or heat pump system with a gas-injected scroll compressor is proposed.     

Design of experimental bench and internal pressure measurement of scroll compressor with refrigerant injection

Experiments on the inner compression process of scroll compressor with refrigerant injection can reveal the essence of refrigerant injection. The difficulty of the experiment is the design of location of measuring ports, measuring system of dynamic pressure and design of the injection system. Focusing on the dynamic pressure measurement of inner compression process during refrigerant injection, an integrated bench design method for refrigerant injection research in scroll compressor is presented in this paper. The location design of injection ports and measuring ports, frequency spectrum analysis of pressure signal, selection of the sensor type and configuration, and design of the pressure-leading system are expressed, respectively. Finally, a test bench is set up. Based on it, several elementary experiments were carried out. The results show that: this design method solves most problems in the experimental research of scroll compressor with refrigerant injection and works reliably; the refrigerant injection effects the majority of the inner compression process and should not be considered as a transient process; gas injection can increase the system performance greatly and there is an optimal injection pressure for a certain scroll compressor.     

低温热泵用涡旋压缩机性能的试验研究

制定低温热泵用涡旋压缩机试验方案,对研制的原型机进行性能测试。试验结果表明：在冷凝温度不变的情况下,随着蒸发温度的降低,原型机的制热量有所减少,但减少的速度低于普通热泵系统用涡旋压缩机;压缩机的电功率有所增加,但增加的幅度不大,且压缩机的排气温度也有所降低,故在低温工况下采用准二级压缩热泵用涡旋压缩机比采用普通热泵用涡旋压缩机可以更有效地提高空气源热泵的低温制热性能,是寒冷地区用小型空气源热泵比较适宜采用的压缩机。     

涡旋压缩机涡旋型线的研究现状及展望

涡旋压缩机作为第三代容积式压缩机,具有效率高、能耗低、噪声低、结构紧凑等诸多优点,被广泛应用于制冷空调与气体压缩等方面。由于涡旋压缩机的寿命、加工性能、效率和功耗等都受到涡旋型线的制约,所以涡旋型线的研究是开展涡旋压缩机其他研究的基础和关键。本文总结了国内外相关的研究成果,从型线类型和型线修正两个方面出发,对现有涡旋型线的研究现状进行综述分析,并对未来涡旋型线发展方向和趋势进行预测和展望,对于今后涡旋压缩机型线的研究与工程应用具有指导和借鉴作用。