制热工况燃气机热泵性能试验研究

建立燃气机热泵试验系统,在制热工况下采用试验方法,计算分析冷凝器进水温度、燃气发动机转速、室外温度等因素对燃气机热泵性能参数(燃气机热泵总制热量、燃气发动机消耗的天然气热功率、燃气机热泵制热性能系数、燃气机热泵一次能源利用率,燃气机热泵总制热量包括冷凝器制热量与余热回收制热量)的影响。室外温度为17℃条件下,燃气发动机转速为1 400min~(-1)时,燃气机热泵总制热量、燃气发动机消耗的天然气热功率均随冷凝器进水温度(变化范围为30.6～54.5℃)的升高而增大,燃气机热泵制热性能系数、燃气机热泵一次能源利用率均随冷凝器进水温度的升高而减小。燃气发动机转速为1 600 min~(-1)时,4项性能参数随冷凝器进水温度的变化与燃气发动机转速为1 400 min~(-1)时基本一致。与燃气发动机转速为1 400 min~(-1)时相比,转速为1 600 min~(-1)时的燃气机热泵总制热量、天然气发动机消耗的天然气热功率均明显增大,燃气机热泵制热性能系数、燃气机热泵一次能源利用率均出现了下降。随着燃气发动机转速的增大,噪声也明显增大。燃气发动机转速为1 400 min~(-1)、冷凝器进水温度为45℃情况下,燃气发动机消耗的天然气热功率、燃气机热泵总制热量均随室外温度的升高而增大,前者的增大幅度小于后者。燃气机热泵制热性能系数、燃气机热泵一次能源利用率均随室外温度的升高而增大。     

燃气机驱动的压缩式制冷机组的运行特性研究

根据实验得到的燃气机的万有特性曲线和压缩机厂家提供的变转速活塞式压缩机性能测试数据,对采用燃气机驱动的压缩式制冷机组的整体运行特性进行了研究。分析了蒸发温度、冷凝温度、转速和转速比对机组整体运行特性的影响。结果表明,转速和转速比对机组的性能影响较大。降低转速并不一定能提高机组一次能利用率,因为过低的转速会导致燃气机热效率的下降。而根据燃气机与压缩机容量的大小和机组运行要求,合理匹配燃气机与压缩机之间的转速,可以提高机组整体的运行性能。     

燃气机热泵关键设备匹配与优化的仿真研究

介绍燃气机热泵仿真模型的功能（设备性能模拟、设备匹配模拟、设备优化等）。结合算例,对额定制冷量为28kW的燃气机热泵进行了燃气内燃机、涡旋式压缩机的匹配模拟以及设备优化。     

燃气机热泵一次能源利用率的分析

分析了燃气机热泵系统的工作原理，给出了其一次能源利用率的计算式，指出了影响一次能源利用率的因素。通过实验，得出了发动机转速与热泵性能系数、发动机热效率的关系曲线，并进行了分析。     

燃气机驱动空气-水热泵机组的供热性能研究

以某发动机和压缩机的实测数据为依据，对—燃气机驱动空气—水热泵机组建立了模型。计算了不同转速和室外温度运行条件下燃气发动机、热泵系统和整个机组的供热性能。结果显示，由于回收了发动机的余热，热泵机组的供热能力大大增强，余热可占总供热量的30％。降低转速对机组的性能可以提高机组的一次能利用率。环境温度为7℃时，低速运行时，机组的一次能利用率高达1、6以上。而室外温度对热泵系统的供热能力影响较大，对发动机的余热影响较小。     

燃气机热泵过渡季节供生活热水性能分析

搭建了燃气机热泵机组并进行了测试,就过渡季节发动机转速、冷凝器进水温度与空气湿球温度对燃气热泵制热量影响规律进行了研究,为燃气机热泵运行提供了参考。     

冬夏季工况MCCHP系统性能对比及变工况分析

以微型冷热电联供(MCCHP)系统性能特性为对象,搭建基于燃气内燃机、双效溴化锂吸收式热泵的系统,建立系统模型,通过数学仿真,分析夏季工况冷水回水温度、冬季工况热水回水温度、内燃机转速、内燃机负载率变化时系统性能。结果表明:夏季工况下性能高于冬季工况,夏季工况系统性能系数为冬季工况的2. 2倍;用户侧冷热负荷的降低、燃气内燃机转速降低均导致系统性能系数降低,且系统性能系数的降低幅度大于一次能源利用率;燃气内燃机低负载率运行导致系统性能系数的降低,一次能源利用率也略降低。     

燃气机热泵系统不同联供运行模式一次能源利用率的分析

分析了燃气机热泵热电冷三联供系统节能的热力学原理及应用优势,探讨了不同季节采用不同的联供运行模式一次能源利用率PER的情况,并就影响PER的主要因素——废热回收率、热泵性能系数及用于发电的燃气能量占燃气总能量的比例的变动效应进行了模拟计算,给出了燃气机热泵不同联供运行工况下PER的对比及规律。     

燃气机热泵性能特点及经济性分析

介绍了燃气机热泵的工作流程及性能特点：对国内6座城市分别采用电动热泵、小型燃气溴化锂模块化机组、燃气机热泵的运行费用进行了比较,燃气机热泵的运行费用最低。     

基于瞬时优化的混合动力燃气热泵控制策略

将无级变速器(CVT)运用到混合动力燃气热泵系统中以实现系统传动比的连续调节来提高系统的性能。本文对驱动系统和热泵系统进行建模,把蓄电池储存/消耗的电能等效成发动机燃气热能,提出基于等效能量消耗最小的瞬时优化控制策略,并在MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真平台上对该种策略进行仿真试验。仿真结果当压缩机转速分别小于1390 rpm、在1390 rpm到1810 rpm之间、大于1810 rpm时,驱动系统分别运行在模式A、模式B、模式C;并获得发动机和电机的扭矩分配以及热泵性能系数COP、制热量、CVT速比和蓄电池SOC变化。发动机工作点基本分布在经济区内,发动机扭矩、燃气消耗率be和燃气流量m都保持在较小值,分别维持在29.5 N·m、283 g/(kW·h)和2.66 kg/h,从而证明了所提出的瞬时优化控制策略的有效性。     

燃气热泵仿真研究

以天然气发动机驱动的压缩式水-水热泵系统为例,建立其各部件数学模型,包括天然气发动机、压缩机、板式蒸发器、板式冷凝器、热力膨胀阀、发动机水套换热器和排烟换热器等的数学模型。利用该模型,研究了不同转速下的热泵系统特性和整体性能特性,与试验结果进行对比,二者吻合良好,证明了燃气热泵系统具有较好的部分负荷特性及较好的节能环保效果。     

并联式混合动力燃气热泵充放电性能研究

本文基于混合动力燃气热泵系统,设计了该系统的并联式驱动形式.基于发动机燃气消耗率以及发动机与压缩机的速度匹配,对并联式驱动系统的传动装置进行了设计.对余热回收系统的管道布置方式进行了区分和研究,选择了旁通式的余热回收系统.将并联式驱动系统、余热回收系统以及热泵系统结合构建了并联式混合动力燃气热泵系统.在此基础上,对该热泵系统进行了电机恒定扭矩的充放电试验,研究了在不用运行模式下,整个系统的性能与各个参数的变化规律,包括：热泵性能系数（COP）、热泵制热量、发动机燃气流量、余热回收量.最后,基于对系统的试验性能研究,分析该系统的一次能源效率（PER）的变化规律,并与燃气热泵系统进行比较.结果发现,电机充电扭矩提高系统PER约14％效果明显,而电机扭矩提高系统PER为1.1％左右.     

Theoretical simulation and experimental research on the system of air source energy independence driven by internal-combustion engine

Presents a new system of air source energy independence driven by internal-combustion engine (EIICE), which used natural gas or other fuels as an independent input energy, and could provide the heating, cooling and hot water for the buildings efficiently. It also could provide electricity for electric equipments of the system. The performance of air source EIICE system was investigated theoretically and experimentally. The experimental and simulation results indicated that the heat capacity of plate heat exchanger (P-HE), heat recovered from exhaust gas heat exchanger (EG-HE), input power of compressor, output power of engine and fuel consumption increased with the increase of the rotary speed, water flow rate of the P-HE and evaporation temperature. Heat recovered from the cylinder jacket heat exchanger (CJ-HE) increased with the increase of the rotary speed and evaporation temperature, but decreased with the increase of the water flow rate of P-HE. The coefficient of performance (COP_t) and primary energy ratio (PER_t) of air source EIICE system also increased with the increase of the water flow rate of P-HE and evaporation temperature, but decreased with the increase of the rotary speed.     

Modeling and economic analysis of gas engine heat pumps for residential and commercial buildings in various climate regions of Iran

There is an increasing trend in using heat pumps in air conditioning (heating/cooling) systems of residential and commercial buildings. The required power to drive the compressor of vapor compression heat pump cycles may be provided by either an electrical motor or an internal combustion engine. In this paper thermal modeling and economic analysis of gas engine heat pumps (GEHPs) are presented based on energy and mass balance equations as well as the gas engine operating parameters (such as thermal efficiency, fuel consumption and fuel mass flow rate) and heat pump operating parameters (such as evaporator and condenser capacity and compressor input power). Based on the modeling results and with estimating GEHP fuel consumption, the economic analysis of using gas engine heat pumps (in comparison with the electrical heat pumps) at various climate regions of Iran, for both residential and commercial (office) buildings, and for both cooling and heating modes, was performed. Appropriate cost functions for predicting GEHP capital investment were proposed. Three approaches including equivalent uniform annual cost (EUAC), the annual cost of energy consumption, and payback period were applied in the economic analysis.     

空气源热泵冷热水机组设计选型

讨论了设计选型中常常遇到的机组制冷量、制热量、噪声、除霜措施、压缩机、性能系数、节流装置、内置水泵、防腐、布置等技术问题     

Research on the drive system and logic threshold control strategy of the hybrid power gas engine heat pump

Gas engine heat pump is an important distributed power supply system in the energy structure. Hybrid power technique plays an important role in improving the engine performance and the gas conversion efficiency of gas engine heat pump (GEHP). In this paper, a design method of a hybrid power drive system is presented, including the selection method of drive type, and the selection of power hybrid approach. The relation between gas loss coefficient and the equivalent efficiency of drive system has been analyzed. The results show that the most suitable drive type is parallel-type. The optimum hybridization degree is 0.412; the rated power of motor is 8.75 kW. Based on the design method of the drive system, logic threshold control strategy is implemented in the hybrid power gas engine heat pump (HPGHP) system, which is composed of the switching law of transmission and the torque control of motor. According to the experimental verification, the gas consumption rate of gas engine can be controlled to be below 330 g/kWh. The gas conversion efficiency can increase about 7.6% when the logic threshold control strategy is used in the HPGHP system.     

污水源热泵机组冬季运行工况实测与分析

以采用城市原生污水为热泵冷热源的北京悦都大酒店的热泵机组为研究对象,测试了机组的污水进出口温度,蒸发器侧、冷凝器侧的进出口温度争压缩机的耗电量,根据测试数据考察了热泵机组在以城市污水为热源时的工作性能.测试期间机组运行稳定,冬季的平均制热性能系数COP为3.71,测试分析结果可供污水源热泵系统的设计和工程应用参考和借鉴.