聚砜、复合增韧剂改性酚醛模塑料的耐油性研究

通过采用聚砜、复合增韧剂对酚醛模塑料进行改性，成功制得了一种耐油型酚醛模塑料。分别在200℃和170℃的仪表油中浸泡24h和100h，测其力学性能和电绝缘性能，结果表明，除垂直纤维方向的压缩强度外，各项性能保持率均达95％以上。采用SEM等手段对改性模塑料进行研究和分析，并同国外同类材料进行比较，发现聚砜、复合增韧剂改性酚醛模塑料具有优异的力学性能、电绝缘性能和耐滑油性能。     

聚砜改性酚醛树脂玻纤增强模塑料的热老化研究

研究了聚砜改性酚醛树脂玻纤增强模塑料在200℃、230℃的热老化过程中的力学性能、电学性能的变化情况。结果表明，热老化后，材料的性能(弯曲强度除外)虽有所下降，但仍能满足使用要求，说明此种模塑料具有良好的热稳定性，能在200℃下长期使用。     

酚醛BMC

美国最大的预制整体模塑料（BMC）生产商BMC公司宣布推出酚醛基模塑料。新的BMC—X—Cel针对耐高温用途如汽车盖下零件和排气部件，以及油箱、仪表等而设计。据称玻纤填充酚醛BMC在220℃性能保持85％以上．300℃性能保持60％以上。材料在149～188℃固化约1min，根据使用性能要求还需要在177℃后烘烤20min～2h。     

六方氮化硼/碳化硅晶须填充改性聚酰亚胺导热绝缘复合材料的制备及表征

采用固相共混方法将六方氮化硼(h-BN)和碳化硅晶须(SiCw)作为导热填料对单醚酐型聚酰亚胺(PI)模塑粉进行改性,然后通过热模压工艺制备PI导热绝缘复合模压材料,并对其性能进行表征。测试结果表明:h-BN可以有效提高模塑料导热性能、热性能和电绝缘性能,但会降低材料力学性能;SiCw可以有效提高复合材料导热性能、热性能和力学性能,但会显著降低电绝缘性能。将h-BN/SiCw复配使用,在显著提高复合材料导热性能和热性能的同时又可保持其良好的力学性能和电绝缘性能。添加30%(质量分数)h-BN/SiCw(3/1),复合材料导热系数提高至1.21 W/(m·K),是未改性PI材料的4.84倍,弯曲强度为142MPa,体积电阻率为1.27×10~(14)Ω·cm,线性热膨胀系数(CTE)显著降低为55.6μm/(m·℃)。     

热老化对聚砜改性酚醛树脂力学性能的影响

研究了聚砜改性酚醛树脂玻纤维强模塑料在200℃、230℃，时间为500h的热老化过程中所发生的力学性能变化情况。结果表明，在200℃老化时，经过500h后，材料的力学性能仍很高，其弯曲强度可达1058．35MPa，冲击强度为242．73kJ/m^2，拉伸强度为389．9MPa,压缩强度（平行于纤维方向）为160．33MPa。老化后，虽然力学性能（除弯曲强度外）会有所下降，但仍能满足材料的使用要求。说明此种模塑料能在200℃以下长期使用，是一种有发展前途的耐热塑料。     

高外观热稳定性酚醛注塑料的研制

介绍了一种高外观热稳定性酚醛注塑料的配方、制备工艺及其性能。以热固性液体酚醛树脂和热塑性固体酚醛树脂相结合为主要基质，添加高填充量的短切玻璃纤维，并引入特种超细矿物质填料，采用复配的固化体系，应用界面改性技术并经特殊的混和、分散和塑炼工艺，制备了高外观热稳定性酚醛注塑料。该注塑料具有优秀的高温外观热稳定性能，由通常的低于300℃(2h)，提高到300℃(2h)和370℃(1h)，并具有优良的尺寸稳定性、电绝缘性能、力学性能以及注塑性能.     

玻纤增强酚醛模塑料性能及应用

对木粉增强酚醛模塑料与玻纤增强模塑料的性能进行了比较,结果表明玻璃纤维增强模塑料在冲击性能、耐高温性能及绝缘性能等方面均有所提高,并对玻纤的增强机理进行了简要的分析。同时对玻璃纤维增强酚醛模塑料在汽车工业和电子行业中的应用进行了总结,并论述了玻纤增强酚醛模塑料的发展趋势。     

酚醛模塑料耐高温性的研究

采用一种自制的苯酚甲醛树脂和复合固化体系，以无机玻璃纤维为增强材料，得到一种可注射成型的酚醛模塑料，对其耐高温性能进行了研究。热变形温度及TGA测试表明该材料耐高温性能优异，热变形温度达到272℃；温度在401℃时仅失重5％。     

酚醛模塑料改性及成型工艺研究进展

综述了酚醛模塑料及其成型工艺的研究进展。酚醛模塑料的改性方法主要包括基体树脂改性和填充改性,其中基体树脂改性可细分为结构改性、共聚改性和共混改性等。介绍了酚醛模塑料的主要成型工艺,包括模压成型工艺和注射成型工艺。分析了后固化处理工艺对产品性能的影响,并对今后的发展趋势进行了展望。     

环保型耐磨酚醛模塑料成型工艺及性能的研究

在自帛的环保型耐靡酚醛树脂的基础上，对该酚醛树脂的玻璃纤维。棉纤维，棉布增强模塑料的模压工艺地研究，着重讨论了模压前的预热，试样厚度，偶联剂对材料性能的影响。试验结果表明，模压前合理的预热可以显著地提高酚醛塑料的电性能及力学性能；在试样的厚度误差范围内，试样越薄，其电绝缘性能越好，选择合适的 联剂，可以提高酚醛塑料的电绝缘性能及力学性能。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。