糖尿病大鼠阴茎海绵体线粒体氧化应激损伤与保护

目的:观察糖尿病大鼠阴茎海绵体线粒体氧化应激损伤变化和还原型谷胱甘肽(reduced glutathione,GSH)对其氧化损伤的影响,探讨阴茎海绵体氧化应激的保护机制以及氧化应激在糖尿病勃起功能障碍发病机制中的作用.方法:成年雄性SD大鼠42只,随机取32只予以腹腔注射大剂量链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ),建成糖尿病大鼠模型25只,随机分为糖尿病组(n=13)、还原型谷胱甘肽治疗组(n=12),另10只设为正常对照组;饲养8周后用电刺激各组大鼠勃起神经测定海绵体内压评价勃起功能;采用黄嘌呤氧化酶法检测阴茎海绵体组织中超氧化物氧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性,硫代巴比妥酸法测丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量;光镜下观察Masson染色切片;Emaus法检测线粒体膜电位.结果:糖尿病组较正常对照组,阴茎海绵体MDA含量显著增高[(6.15±1.07)vs.(3.52±0.94)nmol/mg蛋白,P＜0.01],SOD活性显著下降[(73.34±6.56)vs.(114.22±6.34)U/mg蛋白,P＜0.05],海绵体内压(intracavernous pressure,ICP)峰值显著降低[(50.80±9.80)vs.(90.42±7.02)mmHg,P＜0.05];GSH可使海绵体MDA含量明显降低[(3.90±0.96)vs.(6.15±1.07)nmol/mg蛋白,P＜0.05],显著提高其SOD值[(95.74±4.65)vs.(73.34±6.56)U/mg蛋白,P＜0.05]及ICP值[(74.20±5.69)vs.(50.80±9.80)mmHg,P＜0.05].糖尿病组大鼠阴茎组织中细胞线粒体膜电位减低[(727.98±68.33)vs.(1 223.15±222.92),P＜0.01],而GSH则能提高线粒体膜电位[(930.30±48.36)vs.(727.98±68.33),P＜0.05].结论:糖尿病大鼠阴茎海绵体存在氧化应激损伤,抗氧化治疗起着保护阴茎组织细胞线粒体功能的作用,从而减轻勃起组织的氧化应激损伤,提高勃起能力;氧化应激在糖尿病性勃起功能障碍发病过程中起到了重要作用.     

对2型糖尿病患者实施综合干预的效果评价

目的:探讨对2型糖尿病行为实施综合干预的临床效果.方法:选择2型糖尿病病患者180例随机分观察组与对照组各90例,对照组常规降糖药物治疗和健康宣教;观察组进行健康教育干预、饮食干预、运动干预、药物治疗干预.结果:两组实施干预前治疗依从性、血糖比较无统计学差异(P>0.05),实施综合干预一年后观察组空腹血糖(6.21±0.78)mmol/L、餐后2h血糖(8.09±1.18)mmol/L低与对照组的(7.21±0.98)mmol/L、(8.72±1.21)mmol/L;治疗依从性75.55%高与对照组的47.77%(P<0.05).结论:说明对2型糖尿病患者实施综合干预有利于依从性的提高及治疗效果的改善,值得临床推广应用.     

外源性5'-核苷酸对大鼠急性乙醇中毒的影响

目的:探讨外源性5'-核苷酸对大鼠急性乙醇中毒的影响.方法:将24只雄性SD大鼠随机分成4组:生理盐水组、低剂量核苷酸组、中剂量核苷酸组和高剂量核苷酸组.乙醇染毒前30 min,各组分别用生理盐水、低剂量(0.2g/kg体重)、中剂量(0.8g/kg体重)、高剂量(3.2g/kg体重)核苷酸灌胃,乙醇染毒剂量为3g/kg体重,染毒后进行旷场实验、转棒实验,检测血清乙醇浓度、血清谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、总甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、白蛋白、总蛋白水平,超氧化物歧化酶活性和丙二醛含量,检测肝乙醇脱氢酶活性,评价核苷酸对急性乙醇中毒的影响.结果:外源性5'-核苷酸干预能够使大鼠血液乙醇浓度降低,高剂量核苷酸组与生理盐水组相比[(0.56±0.18g/L)vs.(1.11±0.44g/L),P＜0.05],差异具有统计学意义,低剂量核苷酸组(1.04±0.35g/L)和中剂量核苷酸组(0.93±0.14g/L)与生理盐水组相比也较低,但差异无统计学意义;各组肝乙醇脱氢酶活性差异无统计学意义,各组大鼠神经行为学表现、血清生化水平和抗氧化水平差异也无统计学意义.结论:外源性5'-核苷酸干预对大鼠急性乙醇中毒无明显影响.     

NF-κB信号通路的阻断对皮肤鳞癌SCL-1细胞凋亡的影响

目的:利用siRNA技术抑制核因子-kappa B(nuclear factor-kappa B,NF-κB)亚单位p65基因的表达,研究其对p65表达的抑制作用,并探讨其对皮肤鳞癌SCL-1细胞凋亡的影响.方法:将终浓度为50 nmol/L的p65 siR-NA转染皮肤鳞癌SCL-1细胞,通过RT-PCR检测p65 mRNA的表达;利用Western blotting检测p65、bcl-2和bax蛋白表达,利用Caspase-Glo(R)-3/7,8和9检测试剂盒检测caspase-3/9的活性;最后通过流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡.结果:p65 siRNA转染SCL-1细胞后的48 h,p65 mRNA的表达水平最低,与0 h相比,差异有统计学意义(0.23±0.10vs.0.66±0.05,P＜0.05);转染48 h后,p65和bcl-2蛋白表达水平下调,而促凋亡蛋白bax的表达上升,进一步caspase-3/9的活性也显著升高.流式细胞术结果表明,p65 siRNA能明显诱导SCL-1细胞发生凋亡,其早期凋亡的比率为20.28%±1.87%,显著高于未处理组和对照siRNA组(凋亡率分别为9.13%±1.51%和9.37%±1.38%,F=47.532,P＜0.01).结论:p65 siRNA能够阻断皮肤鳞癌细胞中NF-κB信号通路,并下调抑凋亡蛋白bcl-2的表达,上调促凋亡蛋白bax的表达以及提高caspase的活性,提示NF-κB信号通路有望成为皮肤鳞癌基因治疗的分子靶点.     

单宁酸对糖尿病大鼠肾组织炎症因子表达的抑制作用

目的:观察单宁酸(TA)对链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱发糖尿病(DM)大鼠肾脏组织炎症因子表达的抑制作用,探讨其作用机制.方法:70只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、DM组、氨基胍(AG)组、TA低剂量组和TA高剂量组.处理10周后检测各组大鼠肾脏功能指标[血清肌酐(Cre)、尿素氮(BUN)及24 h尿蛋白排泄量],PAS染色观察肾脏病理改变,免疫组织化学染色观察肾组织细胞间黏附分子1(ICAM-1)及肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的表达,RT-PCR方法检测肾组织ICAM-1 mRNA的表达.结果:与模型组比较,TA组大鼠血清Cre、BUN及24 h尿蛋白排泄量降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),大鼠肾小球系膜区PAS阳性物质减少,肾组织ICAM-1及TNF-α蛋白表达水平降低,肾组织ICAM-1 mRNA表达水平降低(P<0.05).结论:TA能降低糖尿病大鼠肾组织ICAM-1及TNF-α的表达,对糖尿病大鼠肾脏有保护作用.     

大红袍茶降血糖作用研究

[目的]探讨大红袍茶的降血糖作用.[方法]取50只小鼠以200 mg/kg剂量、间日2次腹腔注射四氧嘧啶制造高血糖模型,4 d后得到24只血糖高于9.00 mmol/L的高血糖模型小鼠.将高血糖小鼠按相似血糖水平分为对照组和试验组,血糖值分别为(15.11±6.47)和(14.77±5.40)mmol/L,组间无显著差异(P＞0.05).对照组饲喂基础饲料和凉开水,试验组在基础饲料中添加3.0%的大红袍茶,饮0.5%的大红袍茶汤.饲养7 d后再次测定血糖值,研究其变化.[结果]对照组小鼠血糖值为(12.23±5.11)mmol/L,无显著变化(P＞0.05);试验组小鼠血糖值下降到(7.93±1.88)mmol/L,降低了46.3%,变化极显著(P＜0.001).[结论]大红袍茶对高血糖小鼠有极显著的降糖作用.     

塞来昔布对慢性粒细胞白血病原代细胞bcr-abl融合蛋白的影响

目的 探讨塞来昔布对慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)原代细胞bcr-abl融合基因的mRNA表达、p210蛋白表达和蛋白质酪氨酸激酶(PTK)活性的影响.方法 以不同浓度的塞来昔布(0、10、20、40、80、160 μmol/L)分别干预CML原代细胞36 h,进行荧光实时定量反转录聚合酶链反应(RQ-RTPCR)、Western blotting和PTK活性检测.结果 80～160μmol/L的塞来昔布下调bcr-abl的mRNA表达;随着塞来昔布浓度增加,p210蛋白表达逐步下调;40μmol/L以上的塞来昔布能明显抑制PTK活性,但非浓度依耐性.结论 塞来昔布能不同程度地下调CML原代细胞bcr-abl的mRNA和蛋白表达,并抑制PTK活性.     

电痉挛治疗对血糖影响的临床研究

目的:了解电痉挛治疗对血糖的影响.方法:对32例电痉挛治疗的患者采用RT-200C Plus全自动生化分析仪监测治疗前及治疗后血糖并对照分析结果.结果:治疗前血糖(4.75±0.51)mmol/L,治疗后血糖(4.77±0.49)mmol/L;治疗前后血糖差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:电痉挛治疗对血糖影响的差异无统计学意义.     

MT方案治疗急性单核细胞白血病的疗效及其与染色体核型的关系

目的 研究米托蒽醌联合替尼泊苷(MT)方案在急性单核细胞白血病(M5)诱导缓解中的疗效及患者不良反应,并观察疗效与白血病染色体核型的关系.方法 将33例M5患者按治疗史分两组:初治组23例(A组)、DA(柔红霉素联合阿糖胞苷)或HDA(三尖杉酯碱、柔红霉素和阿糖胞苷)1个疗程无效组10例(B组).按核型预后分两组:预后中等组29例(C组),预后不良组4例(D组),均采用MT方案2个疗程诱导缓解,分别统计4组的临床疗效及患者不良反应.结果 MT方案对A、B组的M5诱导完全缓解(CR)率分别为83%(19/23)及60%(6/10),有效率达91%(21/23)及70%(7/10).C、D组CR率分别为83%(24/29)及25%(1/4),有效率为88%(26/29)及50%(2/4),其中复杂核型CR率为0(0/3),非复杂核型的11q23染色体异常患者一次化疗达CR率100%(4/4).MT方案对M5化疗后白细胞最低点在第(7±3)天出现,为(0.4±0.2)×109/L,白细胞<1×109/L时间达(8±5)d,未见化疗相关死亡病例.结论 MT方案简单有效、较安全,是治疗M5的较佳化疗方案,对1个疗程DA、HDA方案无效者亦可试用.MT方案化疗疗效与核型预后分组有关,对11q23染色体异常的M5患者疗效较好,对复杂核型患者疗效欠佳.     

注射用磷酸肌酸钠对体外培养人卵巢癌细胞SKOV3侵袭能力的影响及其机制

目的:观察注射用磷酸肌酸钠(CP)对人卵巢癌细胞SKOV3体外侵袭能力的影响,并探讨其作用机制.方法:体外培养人卵巢癌细胞SKOV3,随机分为空白对照组(生理盐水)及药物处理组(1、6和12 mmol·L-1CP );分别用生理盐水、CP处理细胞72 h后,采用MTT比色法和Transwell小室法观察细胞黏附和迁移侵袭能力;采用RT-PCR和FCM测定nm23-h1、c-myc mRNA及蛋白表达和MMP-2、MMP-9蛋白表达水平.结果:与空白对照组比较,1 mmol·L-1 CP组各项指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);6和12 mmol·L-1 CP组细胞黏附、迁移侵袭抑制率明显增加(P<0.01),nm23-h1 mRNA及蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.01),c-myc mRNA及蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.01);但6与12 mmol·L-1CP组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).与空白对照组比较,1、6和12 mmol·L-1CP组MMP-2、MMP-9蛋白表达水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:一定浓度注射用CP可抑制体外培养SKOV3细胞的黏附和迁移侵袭能力,其机制可能与上调nm23-h1、下调c-myc基因表达有关.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.