我国加紧完善农药环保国标体系

7月1日,《杂环类农药工业水污染物排放标准》正式实施,该标准的推广施行,将结束我国农药工业长期以来无污染物排放国家标准的历史,标志着我国农药工业污染防治工作进入一个新阶段。此外,苯氧羧酸类、酰胺类农药工业水污染物排放标准已起草完毕。至此,我国已有8类农药拥有水污染物排放正式或草拟标准。这是6月27日记者从扬州召开的全国农药行业环保安全技术交流会上获得的信息。     

农药行业污染物排放国家标准体系框架与制订进展

本文从农药行业污染物排放标准体系框架的确定原则、形成过程等方面详细介绍了农药行业污染物排放国家系列标准的总体框架。同时,对各类农药排放标准制订的最新进展做了介绍,最后阐述了本次标准制订的特点与创新之处。     

环境保护部发布一批环保新国标首个农药排放污控标准出炉

第一批4项国家环境保护标准日前发布．4项标准中有3项涉及石油和化工行业。包括限制排放农药水污染物、禁止排放煤层气和降低重型汽油车的排放限制。其中,（《杂环类农药工业水污物排放标准》填补了我国在农药行业排放污染控制上的一项空白。     

首个农药排放污控标准出炉

从新成立的环境保护部获悉,第一批4项国家环境保护标准日前发布。4项标准中有3项涉及石油和化工行业,包括限制排放农药水污染物、禁止排放煤层气和降低重型汽油车的排放限值。其中,《杂环类农药工业水污染物排放标准》填补了我国在农药行业排放污染控制上的一项空白。     

首个农药排放污控标准出炉

4月14日从新成立的环境保护部获悉,第一批4项国家环境保护标准日前发布,4项标准中有3项涉及石油和化工行业。包括限制排放农药水污染物、禁止排放煤层气和降低重型汽油车的排放限值。其中,《杂环类农药工业水污染物排放标准》填补了我国在农药行业排放污染控制上的一项空白。     

农药污染物排放将起草新标准

日前，国家环保总局科技标准司与先正达(中国)投资有限公司就农药行业污染防治技术政策和污染物排放国家标准研究方面开展合作签署备忘录。备忘录约定力争于2004年10月底前完成杂环类农药污染物排放标准的起草工作．为其它农药品种的污染物排放标准制订提供示范。     

业界关注农药工业 两环保新标正在制定

<正>作为"三高"行业,农药行业安全、环保标准不断升级。目前,农药行业又有两项新环保标准——《农药工业水污染物排放标准》和《农药工业大气污染物排放标准》正在制订中,引发了各界的广泛关注与讨论。政府:制订标准十分必要业内专家表示,两项标准制订的目的是为了净化农药行业,与政府、企业、公众息息相关。     

农药工业水污染物排放标准引起了农药业界广泛关注和热议

5月中旬,有机氯类、有机硫类农药工业水污染物排放标准广泛征询意见．引起了农药业界广泛关注和热议。这些由环境保护部科技标准司组织制定、环境保护部南京环境科学研究所编制的国家环境保护标准,出台后将形成我国农药工业水污染物排放的标准体系,为我国农药行业的环境治理尤其是水环境治理提供必要的依据。     

十类农药污染物排放标准明年底出台：实现农药工业健康发展与环境保护“双赢”

近日从国家环境保护总局了解到，农药工业10类污染物排放标准预计于明年底全部出台。其中杂环类、有机磷酸酯类农药工业污染物排放标准今年内颁布。     

农药行业排放标准调研工作在江苏开展

<正>4月14~18日,由国家环保部科技标准司组织的农药行业排放标准调研工作正在中国农药工业产业园(如东园区)进行。此次环保调研包括《农药工业水污染物排放标准》和《农药工业大气污染物排放标准》的编制调研,参加单位包括环保部环境标准研究所、环保部环境规划院、中国农药工业协会、环保技术标准研究专业委员会等,中国农药工业协会李正先副秘书长和曾途主任参与调研。为落实国务院《大气污染防治行动计划》以及"统一监控所有污染物的环境管理制度"的相关要     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.