微波辅助硫酸浸出红土镍矿的研究

以红土镍矿为原料,研究了微波辅助硫酸浸出镍钴的工艺条件。考察了硫酸浓度、微波功率、微波温度、辐射时间、液固体积质量比对镍钴浸出率的影响。结果表明,在硫酸浓度3.0mol/L、微波功率700 W、微波温度90℃、辐射时间2.5 h、液固体积质量比4:1的最佳工艺条件下,镍浸出率达91%,钴浸出率65%以上。     

红土镍矿硫酸铵焙烧-水浸实验研究

研究了硫酸铵焙烧-水浸法工艺处理红土镍矿各相关因素的影响。研究表明:某红土镍矿在硫酸铵与红土镍矿的质量比为1.25、焙烧温度600℃、焙烧时间4h、浸出液固比7:1、浸出温度80℃、浸出时间60min的实验条件下,镍、钴的浸出率分别达到82.88%和84.56%。     

从复杂镍钴物料中浸出镍钴工艺研究

研究了采用硫酸浸出—硫酸化焙烧—水浸出工艺从复杂镍钴物料中浸出镍、钴,考察了物料在预处理过程中加酸与不加酸条件下的浸出效果,以及浸出渣焙烧过程中酸料质量比、催化剂用量、焙烧温度、焙烧时间等对镍、钴浸出率的影响。试验结果表明:经硫酸浸出预处理后的硫化镍钴物料,在酸料质量比0.85∶1、硫酸钠用量为物料质量4%、焙烧温度450℃、焙烧时间120min条件下进行焙烧,然后再用水浸出,镍、钴浸出率分别可达98.08%和98.79%,镍、钴浸出效果较好。     

红土镍矿硫酸化焙烧-水浸实验研究

随着硫化镍矿资源的日益枯竭,红土镍矿的开发利用热潮已经来临。研究了硫酸化焙烧-水浸工艺处理红土镍矿过程中各相关因素的影响,研究表明:某红土镍矿在实验条件为:焙烧温度250℃,焙烧时间2.5 h,水浸温度60℃,水浸时间1 h,水浸固液比1∶8时,酸料比(m.lg-1)0.5∶1,镍的浸出率可以到达76.27%,钴的浸出率达到55.88%。实验效果良好。二次重复浸出实际上抑制了矿物中镍、铁的浸出,而促进了钴的浸出。最后,文章分析了硅酸盐与酸反应的相关特性。     

硫酸化氧化焙烧—水浸法从红土镍矿中提取镍钴

采用硫酸化氧化焙烧—水浸工艺从高铁低镁的红土镍矿中提取镍、钴,主要研究了硫酸用量、酸化氧化焙烧温度和时间、水浸时间、水浸液固比等因素对镍、钴浸出率的影响。结果表明,最佳工艺条件为:矿石粒度-1mm,按酸料比0.54在300℃焙烧1h再升至800℃焙烧2h,水浸液固比3∶1,水浸温度70℃,水浸时间2h,此时镍、钴浸出率分别达到91.00%和91.51%,铁浸出率仅为2.72%。     

褐铁型红土镍矿活化预处理后选择性浸出镍钴

以褐铁型红土镍矿为原料,研究了其活化预处理后镍、钴和铁的选择性浸出。考察了温度、时间、液固比、搅拌转速及氟化钠加入量对金属浸出效果的影响,得出最佳工艺条件为:温度85℃、浸出时间3h、液固比5∶1(mL/g)、搅拌速度400r/min及NaF添加量4%,镍、钴浸出率高达85.62%和94.26%,铁以黄钠铁矾的形式进入渣相,浸出率低至2.43%。活化预处理可以实现褐铁型红土镍矿中镍、钴和铁的选择性浸出。     

菲律宾褐铁矿型红土镍矿还原焙烧试验研究

针对菲律宾某褐铁矿型红土镍矿,研究了采用还原焙烧—氨浸工艺(RRAL)综合提取镍、钴和铁。试验结果表明,以烟煤为还原剂进行还原焙烧,烟煤加入量为矿石质量的8%,焙烧温度为800℃,焙烧时间为60min,焙烧渣用碱性溶液浸出,镍、钴浸出率分别为88.27%和50.91%,浸出渣中铁质量分数为59.53%。     

从废高温镍钴合金中浸出镍和钴的试验研究

研究了采用"苏打焙烧-碱浸出铝、钼-氯气浸出钴、镍、铁等-TBP萃取除铁-中和水解除铬-P204萃取除微量杂质-N235萃取分离镍、钴"工艺处理废高温镍钴合金,重点考察了从废镍钴合金中浸出镍和钴,讨论了苏打焙烧温度和碱浓度对铝、钼浸出率的影响,碱浸渣氯气浸出电位、浸出时间、废合金粒度、添加剂的加入等因素对镍、钴浸出率的影响.试验确定了从废高温镍钴合金中浸出镍、钴的工艺优化条件.综合条件下,镍、钴平均浸出率分别为99.30%和97.67%,浸出渣中镍、钴质量分数平均为0.51%和0.44%.     

两段硫酸化焙烧-水浸从红土镍矿中回收镍钴

以澳大利亚某红土镍矿为原料,采用两段硫酸化焙烧—水浸工艺回收镍钴。重点探讨酸料比、低温焙烧段温度及时间、高温焙烧段温度及时间对镍钴浸出率的影响。结果表明,在酸料比为0.6,一段低温焙烧温度250℃,焙烧时间60min,二段高温焙烧温度650℃,焙烧时间3h的条件下进行硫酸化焙烧,焙烧产物经过水浸,Ni和Co浸出率分别达到93.38%和91.95%。     

低品位红土镍矿氧化焙烧—硫酸浸出试验研究

研究了以氧化焙烧浸出工艺从某红土镍矿中回收镍,考察了矿石焙烧、浸出工艺条件对镍回收率的影响.试验结果表明:在矿石粒度-0,074 mm占75％、焙烧温度800℃、焙烧时间2h、浸出温度70℃、浸出时间80 min、液固体积质量比1.5∶1条件下,镍浸出率在81％左右.     

印尼某红土矿硫酸加压浸出矿物组成变化研究

印尼苏拉威西岛La-paopao矿区红土镍矿储量约7326万吨,含镍约为1.25%,以此红土镍矿为对象,系统分析了矿样中主要矿物的种类、赋存状态及产出特征。结果表明:矿样含Fe(40.15%),Ni(1.42%),Co(0.15%),Mg(0.37%),SiO₂(6.92%)(质量分数),是典型的褐铁型红土镍矿;组成矿物主要为针铁矿、水针铁矿、高岭石、硬锰矿等;镍钴主要以类质同象或在结晶过程中以机械夹杂形式分布于褐铁矿中,其次分布于硬锰矿中,还有部分以独立矿物镍钴土矿形式存在。基于矿物特征,采用硫酸高压浸出工艺处理该红土镍矿,在最佳工艺条件下,镍浸出率超过96%,钴浸出率在97%以上,铁浸出率小于1%,实现了镍钴选择性提取。最后分析了渣中残余镍、钴未能浸出的原因以及各金属的浸出行为。未浸出镍钴部分可能存在于锰土矿中,另一部分则在Fe³⁺和Al³⁺高温水解沉淀过程中被夹带进入浸出渣。在高温下Fe³⁺强烈水解并释放出酸,Al³⁺大部分水解并释放出酸,并沉淀入渣。     

Intensification of sulphation and pressure acid leaching of nickel laterite by microwave radiation

The microwave is a clean and environmentally acceptable energy and various microwave-assisted metal extraction processes have been developed. The novel application of microwave irradiation for sulphation of the nickel laterite ore prior to pressure sulphuric acid leaching has been investigated. Under optimum conditions, about 92% of nickel can be extracted from the ore and above 90% of the iron precipitates as hematite with the residual acid content in the leachate lower than 31 g/L. The microwave sulphation proceeds rapidly and a relatively low leaching temperature and low mass ratio of sulphuric acid to ore can be used in the subsequent pressure leaching to achieve a satisfactory nickel extraction. This may potentially reduce the subsequent heavy capital and operation cost of the pressure acid leaching process.     

Atmospheric acid leaching of nickel laterites review: Part I. Sulphuric acid technologies

This review examines the atmospheric leaching (AL) of nickel laterite ores with sulphuric acid, specifically the limonite, smectite (clay) and saprolite fractions. The kinetics and mechanism of leaching of the key minerals are reviewed together with methods for enhancing nickel recovery. Existing and developing AL processes for extracting nickel and cobalt from these ores are then considered with comparison to high pressure acid leaching (HPAL) technology. This review also provides an overview of the emerging hybrid HPAL/AL and heap leaching technologies.     

Leaching behavior of metals from a limonitic nickel laterite using a sulfation–roasting–leaching process

The leaching behavior of metals from a limonitic laterite was investigated using a sulfation–roasting–leaching process for the recovery of nickel and cobalt. The ore was mixed with water and concentrated sulfuric acid followed by roasting and finally leaching with water. Various parameters were studied including the amount of acid added, roasting temperature and time, sample particle size, addition of Na₂SO₄ and solid/liquid ratio in leaching process. More than 88% Ni, 93% Co and < 4% Fe are extracted under the determined conditions. Simultaneously, about 90% Mn and Cu, 70% Mg, 45% Al, 25% Zn, 4% Cr and Ca are extracted respectively. The pH of the leach solution is about 2. The leaching efficiency is independent of sample particle size due to decomposition of ferric sulfate formed during roasting. The roasted mass was characterized by various physico-chemical techniques such as DSC/TGA, XRD and SEM. This process provides a simple and effective way for the extraction of nickel and cobalt from laterite ore.     

从软锰矿酸浸沉淀渣中回收钴镍

以软锰矿酸浸工艺中除杂产生的二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸盐沉淀为原料,在酸性条件下利用硝酸钠氧化浸出钴和镍。考察硝酸钠用量、硫酸浓度、反应温度和时间等因素对钴和镍浸出效果的影响。结果表明,在硝酸钠用量35.0g/L,硫酸浓度1.84mol/L,50℃浸出3h的条件下,钴和镍的浸出率分别达到96%和94%。     

红土镍矿加压浸出工艺残积型红土镍矿中和试验研究

残积型红土镍矿是一种重要的红土镍矿,镁元素含量较高(10%~27%),在红土镍矿加压浸出项目中,通常用来中和加压浸出的矿浆,矿浆中硫酸浓度通常为30~50 g/L。但残积矿用量对镍、钴浸出率有较大影响,为了更好地利用残积型红土镍矿,本文进行了常规浸出试验和还原浸出试验。试验结果表明:随着残积矿用量的增加(液固比降低),终点酸度逐渐降低,镍、钴浸出率逐渐降低;当磨矿细度增加时,钴浸出率明显升高;该反应进行迅速,工业上可以考虑缩短浸出时间;当常规浸出和还原浸出残积矿用量相同时,还原浸出镍浸出率比常规浸出高5%~25%;当残积矿用量较低时,还原浸出镍浸出率提升明显;当残积矿用量不超过90 g/L时,还原浸出钴浸出率比常规浸出高,当用量继续增加时,还原浸出钴浸出率则会低于常规浸出。     

某红土型镍矿中镍钴的赋存状态对其回收的影响

褐铁矿型红土镍矿是一种富含镍、钴、铁的重要资源,综合利用价值巨大。探究红土型镍矿中镍和钴的赋存状态,以深入了解赋存状态对镍和钴回收利用的影响。通过详细的工艺矿物学研究,明确镍和钴主要赋存于褐铁矿、锰的水合氧化物和锰镍矿中,根据该红土型镍矿特征判断最佳冶炼回收方法为高压酸浸工艺。研究为红土型镍矿的资源高效利用提供了重要参考,为相关工业应用和环境保护提供了有益启示。     

高压酸浸法从镍红土矿中回收镍钴

采用高压酸浸法从Ramu镍红土矿中回收镍钴。详细介绍了矿浆处理、高压酸浸、循环浸出及矿浆中和、CCD逆流洗涤、中和除铁铝、氢氧化镍钴沉淀、深海填埋工艺(DSTP)等流程,并分析了工艺出现的问题及改进措施。全流程镍回收率～96%,钴回收率～94%。