从EDOC模型到J2EE程序：一个MDA工具的实现

模型驱动体系结构MDA是OMG组织推出的一种新的软件开发方法。根据MDA的框架，设计者首先建立平台无关模型PIM，然后遵循一定的转换规则转化成平台相关模型PSM，最后转化成目标平台上的代码。为了体现MDA低成本、高效率的优点，模型之间、模型代码之问的自动转换就显得尤为重要。本文描述了我们实现的一个MDA转换工具。该工具可以编辑用EDOC的Entities profile和Business Process profile构建的PIM，并且辅助自动转化成基于J2EE平台的PSM，最终转化成J2EE代码。     

一个MDA支撑工具的设计与实现

MDA是OMG提出的用于解决中间件集成问题的软件开发方法。MDA开发方法以系统模型作为软件开发的主线。在这样的开发过程中,强有力的模型转换支撑工具是MDA思想能够得到广泛应用的关键。而从平台无关模型PIM到平台相关模型PSM的转换工具尤其重要。描述了一个从PIM自动转换到PSM的工具的设计思想。工具使用EDOC profile的一个子集作为PIM的描述方法,使用J2EE作为目标平台。基于一组从PIM到J2EE平台上软件模型的转换规则,工具实现了从PIM到J2EE平台上的PSM的自动转换。     

支持MDA的交互式需求获取方法及辅助工具

为支持MDA的开发模式,本文提出了表格驱动的交互式需求获取方法并开发了相应的支持工具.该方法通过填写参与者表、非功能性需求表、用例卡、CRC卡以及用户反馈表来得到用户需求,为建立计算独立模型CIM和平台独立模型PIM提供足够的信息.     

基于MDA的UML模型转换技术——从顺序图到状态图

为了实现不同中间件平台之间的集成和互操作,OMG提出了一个标准的基于模型的体系结构:MDA。MDA将应用模型划分成与平台无关的模型(PIM)和与平台有关的模型(PSM),并定义了PIM和PSM之间的4种映射关系。该文主要对PIM到PIM之间的映射进行了研究。该映射实质上是PIM模型的精化,其主要方面是分析模型和设计模型之间的转换。MDA使用UML来描述各种模型。UML是一种可视化的通用的面向对象的建模语言。UML顺序图主要用于需求分析,而状态图在系统设计阶段起重要作用。该文介绍了一种从UML顺序图中合成状态图的方法,合成的过程基本上是自动完成的,只需要很少的用户交互,从而为PIM模型的精化提供有力的支持。     

到货管理模块支持MDA的PIM建模

MDA的核心工件是模型,它定义了平台独立模型(Platform Independent Model,PIM)和平台相关模型(Platform Specific Model,PSM),其目标是借助工具实现模型间自动变换。MDA软件开发生命周期的第一步就是构建PIM,本文以到货管理模块为例,详细阐述了支持MDA进行PIM建模的具体实现过程。     

基于MDA的Web应用系统开发研究

模型驱动架构MDA是由 OMG(object management group)组织定义的一个软件开发架构.平台无关模型 PIM 是 MDA的核心.介绍了MDA的基本思想,探讨了MDA支持工具的发展,进而论述了利用 AndroMDA 进行Web应用系统开发的方法,并通过实例详细描述了构建 PIM 模型的过程.     

信息系统中PIM功能元模型的构建研究

为了解决传统信息系统不能随着需求的改变而及时改变的问题，OMG提出了模型驱动体系（MDA）。平台无关模型（PIM）是模型驱动体系中最重要的一环，为了更好地建立信息系统的平台无关模型，提出了从信息系统的功能角度入手构建PIM。首先介绍了MDA框架下的信息系统开发过程，然后从模型构建的一般性要求出发，结合MDA框架下的信息系统开发的特点，提出了MDA框架下的信息系统开发过程的PIM功能元模型构建方法。为了验证了构建方法的正确性，最后基于XML语言实现了PIM功能元模型的构建。     

基于软件模式的PIM到PSM的模型变换

模型驱动体系结构（MDA）是一种以模型为中心的新的软件开发模式。MDA的基本思想是将模型主要分为平台无关模型（PIM）和平台相关模型（PSM），然后通过变换规则实现PIM到PSM的变换。文中将软件模式的概念引入到PIM到PSM模型变换中，从而提高模型变换效率和降低模型变换出错率。同时，设计了基于软件模式的PIM到PSM的模型变换方法的框架。     

Frontpage98的网页布局控制（一）

在本刊前两期中介绍了如何利用FrontPageExplorer建立一个简单的Web网站，以及通过FrontPageEditor所提供的编辑工具对网页的文本、图形、表格等内容进行修饰。然而由于HTML语言本身的限制，在实际操作时还是不能像其他排版工具一样，对页面的内容——文字、图形等的布局进行随意、有效的控制。为了解决这一问题，通常使用一些变通的措施，本篇将介绍一些现在通常使用的页面布局方法。表格在所有的HTML元素中，表格具有最丰富的可编辑特性，你不仅可以设置整个表格在她览器中显示的方式，如表格宽度、有无边框、对齐方式、背景颜色等…     

模型驱动的软件测试研究

MDA(Model-DrivenArchitecture)旨在基于平台无关的模型(PIM)和平台相关的模型(PSM)之间的分离和相互转换来复用平台无关的设计,实现异构中间件平台之间的集成和互操作,从而把软件开发的重点提前到PIM的设计上,也使得在模型级解决测试生成问题成为研究热点。本文从过程、方法与工具三个方面研究了模型驱动的测试,首先提出与软件开发过程集成的模型驱动的软件测试过程;其次讨论了与过程对应的模型驱动的测试方法,基于PIM生成平台无关的测试(PIT),定义并实现了从PIT到平台相关的测试(PST)的映射算法,使得PST能够直接在相应平台上执行以发现软件实现是否与规约一致;最后,对上述过程中的方法提供工具支持。本文过程和方法在一个基于三层Web应用的在线银行系统上得到了实现。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。