含SCN-矿山废水处理回用工艺研究

柴胡栏子金矿树脂矿浆法提金工艺树脂再生过程中产生含有大量SCN和金属离子的废水,该废水返回氰化浸吸流程后,不但氰化钠消耗量巨增,而且破坏树脂对金的吸附效果,恶化生产指标,造成金的大量流失.经试验研究H2O2处理工艺可氧化破坏废水中SCN-,实现该废水的回用,达到污水零排放,其环保效益显著.     

新疆阿希金矿生物氧化提金工艺的应用

新疆阿希金矿采用生物氧化—氰化—树脂吸附提金工艺处理高含砷难处理金精矿,氰化浸出率稳定在97%左右,树脂吸附率稳定在98.5%左右,效益明显。     

离子交换树脂提金技术展望

最早试图用交换树脂吸附金的是Gans,之后,随着离子交换树脂技术的发展,自本世纪40年代以来树脂提金的研究从未间断过。南非、澳大利亚、美、英及加拿大均进行过这方面的研究工作。南非在矿物技术委员会(Mintek)的主持下,于80年代进行了矿浆树脂法提金及炭浆法提金的平行中间工厂试验,详细地对比了两种工艺的优劣及适当范围。卓有成效的是苏联普拉克辛学派从50年代开始便在树脂提金领域作了大量的基础性研究,包括离子交     

甘肃省某地金矿柱浸试验研究

根据甘肃某地金矿石的特性,对该矿石进行柱浸-活性炭吸附提金工艺试验,获得金的浸出率89．76％,活性炭吸附率99．50％的指标,通过试验证明该矿适合就地堆浸生产。     

硫代硫酸盐浸金溶液中回收金的研究现状

介绍了从硫代硫酸盐浸金溶液中回收金的主要技术,包括置换沉淀、炭吸附、树脂吸附、溶剂萃取、电沉积等。简要评述了各种方法的国内外研究现状,并对这些技术今后的研究方向进行展望。     

文摘与简讯

离子交换提金工艺的进展:1990,(2),106—108 苏联大部分提金工厂在吸附氰化含金矿浆时采用双官能团阴离子交换树脂AM-2B,其特点是动力学性能好,机械强度高,但是再生困难。寻找容易再生的阴离子交换剂是发展离子交换提金工艺的一个最有前途的途径。美国、英国和南非研究了从氰化矿浆中有效吸附金的弱碱性阴离子交换树脂DuoliteA-7,其主要优点是从饱和吸附剂上解吸金简便。苏联在     

分布式原地浸出采铀工艺在新疆某地浸铀矿山的应用

介绍了采用分布式原地浸出采铀工艺需解决的技术问题,阐述了新疆某地浸铀矿山采用酸法和中性浸出2种不同浸铀工艺时,卫星厂的载铀饱和树脂在中心厂的铀回收技术。现场实践表明,当卫星厂与中心厂都采用酸法浸铀工艺时,"分散吸附"提供的硫酸铀酰型饱和树脂可直接进入中心厂集中处理;当卫星厂采用中性或碱法浸铀工艺,中心厂采用酸法浸铀工艺时,"分散吸附"提供的碳酸铀酰型饱和树脂经"酸化"转化为硫酸铀酰型载铀树脂后,可进入中心厂集中处理。     

某低品位金矿氰化浸出试验

某低品位金矿石金品位0.65 g/t,可综合回收银。金多以粒间金的形式嵌布于褐铁矿与脉石矿物中,裸露金占总金的95.52%,50.75%的载金矿物分布于40～100μm粒级中。为合理回收该矿石中的金,采用柱浸—活性炭吸附提金工艺来模拟现场堆浸进行试验。结果表明,在矿石粒度-20～-15 mm、浸出液喷淋强度10 L/(h·m~2)、浸出35 d的条件下,金浸出率可达75%左右,说明该金矿石适宜采用柱浸工艺提金。     

内蒙古某金矿尼尔森重选—低氰浸出试验研究

内蒙古某金矿含金2.83 g/t,目前采用氰化钠浸出—树脂吸附工艺提金,浸渣总氰含量高达50 mg/kg。为降低氰化物用量,使得浸渣氰化物浓度达到充填技术标准,采用尼尔森重选—重选尾矿低氰浸出工 艺对内蒙古某金矿进行提纯试验研究,重点考察重选尾矿的磨矿细度、金欣用量、氧化钙用量、液固比及浸出时间对浸出效果的影响。结果表明：①在磨矿细度为-0.043 mm占87%、分选G值为80 G、流态化水量为3 L/min、给矿浓度为50%的条件下,采用“1粗2扫”工艺流程进行尼尔森重选,金累计回收率达到55.91%,金累计品位为35.48 g/t,重选尾矿含金1.34 g/t。②对重选尾矿进行低氰浸出条件试验,确定适宜的磨矿细度 为-0.043 mm占79%,氧化钙用量为5 kg/t,金欣用量为1 200 g/t,浸出时间为36 h,液固比为1.5 mL/g,此时金浸出率为91.88%,重选—浸出工艺流程综合回收率达96.42%;在上述条件下,采用树脂吸附处理贵液, 金吸附率为86.94%,合计重选—浸出—吸附全流程的金综合回收率为91.13%,指标良好。试验最终获得的浸渣总氰浓度为0.50 mg/kg,达到尾矿充填技术标准。     

353E树脂吸附金和银的性能研究

离子交换树脂吸附提取矿浆中的金有明显的优点,即树脂具有高的吸附容量和机械强度,并且可以多次使用。为此,我院已研制出了提金用的353E树脂,且已决定用该树脂回收涞源金矿中的金,但对353E树脂的选择性以及吸附液pH的影响尚未作系统的研究。为了进一步了解353E树脂的性能,本文对该树脂的选择性以及吸附金和银的性能进行了系统的研究,同时还研究了吸附贱金属的性能。     

CL-N235萃淋树脂富集分离金的性能与机理研究

用原子吸收法研究了在盐酸介质中N235萃淋树脂吸附金的过程。结果表明,树脂对金的吸附性能很好,金的吸附量达860mg/g干树脂,饱和树脂与金摩尔比为1.08,树脂吸附选择性好,共存金属除铋外吸附率都很低,因此可用来从大量贱金属中吸附富集金。吸附焓变化为17.56 kJ/mol.K,红外与拉曼光谱研究表明,树脂吸附金的形态为AuCl4-。     

Properties of Lewatit® TP272, a commercial solvent impregnated cation exchange resin for cobalt recovery

The typical hydrometallurgical processing of nickel and cobalt ores involves the precipitation of a mixed nickel–cobalt intermediate product. Alternatively, cobalt could be separated from nickel while in the aqueous phase using solvent extraction. However, solvent extraction has some problems including the need for considerable area for the separators, management of fire hazard, and operational issues such as contamination with organic cross-over with sequential solvent extraction unit operations. The use of an ion exchange resin can mitigate some of these issues; however, conventional cation exchange resins are not sufficiently selective for cobalt over nickel. Solvent impregnated resin offers the engineering advantages of ion exchange resin and the chemical selectivity of the solvent extraction process. This paper describes key properties of a new commercial solvent impregnated resin, Lewatit® TP272, including cobalt and nickel loading as a function of pH and cobalt loading isotherms at pH 5.5 and 5.0 which are identified as the ideal conditions to recover cobalt. The chemical degradation of this solvent impregnated resin was also determined by exposing the resin to greater than pH 6 solutions, which are conditions outside the recommended operating range for this resin. The capacity of the degraded resin was restored by reimpregnating the resin using a Cyanex® 272-ethanol–water mixture. Optical images of resin containing the blue cobalt complex reveal the porous structure.     

Cyanide recovery by ion exchange from gold ore waste effluents containing copper

The recovery of cyanide from waste effluents of the cyanidation process in gold extraction plants is important environmentally and economically. In this respect ion exchange is being tested as a possible economic and versatile method for gold ores containing copper minerals. The present study shows the potential of strong and weak base ion exchange resins, particularly the former, for separating copper cyanide complexes from these industrial effluents, and in particular the feasibility of elution with different eluants. Three possible reagents are proposed for use with these resins and the industrial effluents as load solutions: NaCN, NaSCN and NaNO₃. The recovery of copper complexes from industrial effluents using a strong base resin, Lewatit MP-500, and NaSCN as eluant solution, is very high, with recoveries of over 90% in each step. Problems arise when several cycles of load and elution are carried out with the resin, and the performance of the resin decreases when working with unfiltered solutions after several operational cycles.     

The effect of salinity on the capacity and selectivity of ion exchange resins for gold cyanide

Despite the success of several resin-in-pulp pilot plant operations in the Western World and large scale plants in the former Soviet Union the process of extracting gold from slurries using ion exchange resins is yet to gain recognition as a viable alternative to the carbon-in-pulp process. An experimental research program has investigated the potential use of anion exchange resins containing a variety of quaternary ammonium functional groups in highly saline process water such as that found in Western Australia. The effect of univalent and bivalent ions on gold adsorption has been studied. It was shown that the selectivity of the resin for gold cyanide was enhanced with increasing ionic strength. It has been proposed that the degree of hydration, polarisation and size of the adsorbing species are factors that contribute to the observed change in selectivity of the ion exchange resin at different salinity. It was observed that in highly saline solutions copper cyanide did not load significantly on any of the experimental resins studied. Furthermore, it has been shown that an existing commercial non-selective resin loads no significant amount of copper cyanide under saline conditions. It is proposed that the apparent change in selectivity of resins for gold cyanide is caused by anions that have a stronger affinity for the resin in these highly non-ideal solutions as well as a possible change in the distribution of copper cyanide complexes in solution. The results of this study demonstrate that the selectivity of ion exchange resins in highly saline water is significantly improved and as a consequence the resin-in-pulp process may be more efficient than carbon-in-pulp in process streams of high salinity.     

倒U型双塔式高效铀离子交换试验装置DN400结构上的创新设计

倒U型双塔式高效铀吸附试验装置DN400的设计和研发,克服了目前离子交换设备在树脂床层上部易发生板结、树脂磨损大、对泥沙敏感度高、反冲操作无法形成理想的柱塞流的缺陷。该装置与阀门顺序控制、穿流式筛板、独特的进(出)液装置相结合,大大提高了铀的提取效率。     

从金厂硫脲硫酸溶液中电解-离子交换回收金、银的工业试验

本文叙述了从金厂硫脲硫酸解吸液中电解金、银和用离子交换法从电解尾液中回收金、银的工业试验结果。在所选择的电解条件下,金电积率>99％,银电积率≈98％,合质金含金92％—93％,白银含银97％。选用D61阳离子交换树脂从电解尾液中回收金、银,树脂对金吸附率高,采用氰化钠碱性溶液解吸,金的解吸率为98％。实践证明:回收金、银所选定的工艺参数及流程在技术上和经济上是可行的,适应性较强。     

用D301树脂回收含氰溶液中的游离氰

用弱碱性D301树脂回收含氰溶液中的游离氰。探讨溶液pH对离子交换反应的影响,确定载氰树脂的解吸条件。结果表明,含氰溶液pH为7时,树脂对CN-有较好的吸附率,部分吸附后液可直接外排。用1mol.L-1Na3AlO3溶液作解吸剂,CN-的解吸率达到84.01%,高浓度的含氰解吸液可循环使用。D301树脂可有效回收氰化尾液中游离氰。     

某金矿氰化浸出液的树脂和活性炭吸附试验研究

采用强碱性阴离子树脂从云南某金矿氰化浸出液中吸附金、银和铜离子络合物,不仅金的吸附率高,而且银和铜离子的吸附率分别达到98.52%和99.88%。铜离子不仅严重地影响活性炭吸附银和金的络合物、银的吸附率很低,而且还显著地增加氰化物用量、影响尾液的循环利用,在缺水的地方,这种不利的影响更加明显。因此,树脂吸附工艺对于提高银的吸附率、降低氰化物用量、综合利用尾液中的有价组分(氰化物、碱金属铜、石灰和水等)具有重要的实际价值。     

矿山废水中三价铬的处理实验研究

通过实验,以阳离子交换树脂作交换剂,对含三价铬废水进行交换反应。通过动态实验,分析过程中废水的不同pH值和废水的不同流量对处理效果的影响,结果表明,当废水pH值为4,废水流量为6BV/h,净化效果最好。在此条件下,通过全流程稳定性交换实验,表明树脂的累积交换体积为床体积的25~30倍。树脂达到饱和后,用不同浓度的盐酸作再生剂,对树脂进行再生。再生剂浓度为2mol/L的盐酸为最佳再生剂。     

功能树脂吸附分离锕系元素的研究进展

介绍了近年来国内外对于功能化树脂分离富集放射性废水中锕系元素的研究进展,重点介绍了离子交换树脂和螯合树脂对锕系元素铀、钍、钚和次锕系元素镎、镅的吸附研究现状,明确了功能化树脂对锕系元素的吸附效果,分析了功能化树脂对锕系元素吸附的优缺点。