基于统计过程控制技术的钢卷质量控制

统计过程控制（Statistical Process Control, SPC）是生产过程质量控制的重要工具,包括过程监控、过程诊断与改进等一系列活动。详细阐述了此技术在钢卷质量控制方面的应用流程,并通过实例重点介绍了控制图在钢卷质量分析与控制中的应用。系统采集钢卷工艺数据,选择控制图对工艺参数进行监控,计算和分析工序的工序能力指数。发现工序失控时,分析原因并及时采取纠正预防措施,保证工艺的一致性和稳定性,提高工艺成品率。     

工序质量控制中数据挖掘技术的应用

在介绍了敌据挖掘的概念和工序质量控制中数据挖掘的一般过程，探讨了数据挖掘技术在工序条件的最优化模型、关联规则发现、趋势预测及与统计质量控制结合应用。     

过程能力指数的计算与质量直方图的绘制

介绍了工序能力指数的计算方法和电子产品质量直方图的绘制，并探讨了计算机实现方法。可直观显示质量状态和定量分析质量保证能力。软件界面友好，可有效的用于质量控制中。     

改善锌沸腾焙烧过程控制效果的有效途径

一、概述 从锌精矿中提炼金属锌的第一道工序为焙烧工序,焙烧质量的好坏直接影响后续冶炼工序。影响焙烧质量的一个重要参数就是其沸腾层的反应温度,沸腾层反应温度控制得的好坏将直接影响锌精矿中硫化物的氧化状况和铁酸锌、硅酸盐等的含量。由于焙烧过程滞后时间较大,加之精矿品位变化对焙烧的反应过程影响较大,因此要控制好沸腾层反应温度来保证焙烧质量,需要对焙烧过程的机理进行认真分析,采取合理的控制方法和恰当的控制系统来实现。     

基于工厂信息的实时数据流分析与全过程质量监控

针对某钢铁企业生产过程中的生产信息不畅通、产品质量无法追踪问题,开展了基于工厂信息（PI）的实时数据流分析与全过程质量监控方法的研究。着重研究了实时数据流分割和过程监控,提出基于统计质量控制（SQC）图和工序性能指标的统计监控方法,并开发了一个产品技术质量监控系统,应用结果表明基于PI的实时数据流分析与产品质量监控实现了企业对生产工序质量的监控,以及关键生产工艺的识别与改进。     

本体在工序成本控制中的应用研究*

首先从企业成本控制角度阐述了控制工序成本对于企业成本控制的重要性并说明了工序成本控制中存在的问题;在此基础上引入统一的本体建模理论探讨了本体在工序成本控制中的应用,并采用形式化的一阶逻辑建立了工序成本控制本体模型。由于本体建模本身的优势,将有利于模型重用和工序成本核算及控制方法的知识共享。     

面向AMT的统计过程质量控制

本文在分析先进制造技术（AMT）环境下实施统计过程质量控制技术的发展现状的同时，讨论了将统计过程质量控制（SPQC）技术应用于先进制造环境下所存在的问题；研究了面向先进制造环境，基于等效工序能力的统计过程质量控制方法；开发了基于前馈型BP神经网络的加工过程异常模式自动识别软件。     

考虑生产路径柔性的钢铁合同计划编制研究

在钢铁企业MTO管理模式下,通过对生产过程和质量设计的分析,提出了一种考虑生产路径柔性的合同计划编制新方法,建立了以工序能力均衡为目标的周合同计划编制模型,以此模型为基础研究质量设计生产路径柔性对合同计划工序负荷能力影响。针对模型特点,设计了改进变邻域搜索的模型求解算法,算法采用模拟退火的Metropolis准则,防止算法陷入局部最优。应用铜厂实际数据进行数字运算,结果表明,合理选择质量设计生产路径可以大幅度提高合同计划工序负荷率,验证了所提方法合理、有效．     

基于广义预测控制的松散回潮出口含水率控制系统

松散回潮作为卷烟生产加工的首道核心工序,其出口含水率稳定性对后续各工序工艺指标有着直接的影响。为解决松散回潮工序烟片出口含水率控制精度低、过程控制能力弱等问题,本文围绕德国虹霓TB-L（flex）松散回潮机控制系统进行优化升级,充分利用厂内现有的工业控制和信息化系统采集制丝实时数据并分析,而后采用广义预测控制（generalized predictive control,GPC）方法,建立了具备工况自适应能力的加水量动态预测和调整模型,并编写相应的软件模块对过程进行自动化控制,实现了工艺过程参数动态优化、智能化的预测性控制系统。实际应用效果表明,该系统有效提高了松散回潮工序出口含水率稳定性。     

考虑生产路径柔性的钢铁合同计划编制研究

在钢铁企业MTO管理模式下,通过对生产过程和质量设计的分析,提出了一种考虑生产路径柔性的合同计划编制新方法,建立了以工序能力均衡为目标的周合同计划编制模型,以此模型为基础研究质量设计生产路径柔性对合同计划工序负荷能力影响.针对模型特点,设计了改进变邻域搜索的模型求解算法,算法采用模拟退火的Metropolis准则,防止算法陷入局部最优.应用钢厂实际数据进行数字运算,结果表明,合理选择质量设计生产路径可以大幅度提高合同计划工序负荷率,验证了所提方法合理、有效.     

软件审查能力成熟度模型

软件审查是提高软件过程质量和生产率的一种方法。文章介绍了审查能力成熟度模型,该模型用于评估一个组织软件审查实践的层次,为审查改进提供框架。     

一种改进的模板匹配算法

近几年来，数字图像处理在印刷质量自动检测系统中的应用得到了飞速的发展，寻找一种快速简单，自适应强，检测精度高的算法已引起了许多研究者的关注，文中在印刷质量检测过程中所用到的传统模板匹配的基础上提出了一种改进的新算法，在新算法中较详细的介绍了如何将多幅模板图像的特征综合为一个标准模板，如何随实时图像的不断变化对标准模板进行调整的自学习方法等，并通过实验证明新算法具有自适应性强和检测精度高等特点。     

Computer-aided visual inspection for integrated quality control

This paper first briefly introduces the fundamentals of automated inspection techniques, followed by a categorization of typical applications. At its focus the paper elaborates on issues relating to the need for, the approach to and the benefits of integrating automatic inspection systems within the context of computer integrated PCB manufacturing. It argues that automatic inspection systems should assume the role of not only quality inspection systems but also important quality information generators on the shop floor. In particular, integrated quality control will be realized through an integration of inspection systems with process/quality control systems such as statistical process control (SPC).     

A computer simulation model for studying the performance of coordinate measuring machines

The increasing trend toward computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) in today's industry created a need for an effective process control. The objective of the inspection process is not only preventing shipment of defective parts but also providing a feedback to keep the manufacturing process in control. Through data processing capability, speed, and flexibility of operation, coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) play an important role for computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM). This paper introduces coordinate measuring machines and studies their performance. A computer simulation method for studying the performance of such machines working in a production line is developed. In this paper, CMM performance is measured by its speed and flexibility in performing measurements. In flexible manufacturing systems (FMS), CMMs serve as the inspection work station where arrival time of parts to be measured vary according to the flow of operations. The developed simulation model provides information about the machine, scheduled time for parts to be measured, and delay time for the measuring process.     

基于机器视觉的微小陶瓷基材检测系统研究

针对工业生产过程中基于监控图像进行产品质量检测的要求,对目前流行的系统开发方案进行了分析,提出了基于已有的图像视觉软件开发平台进行二次开发的设计思路,并通过Visual Basic 6.0进行系统设计。实践结果证明,这样可以大大缩短软件的开发周期。由于软件包底层功能具有强大的鲁棒性,在此基础上开发的软件可以保证检测系统的稳定性,结果表明,此开发方式从时间与效果上均优于单纯的系统设计。     

一种面向H.264/AVC的帧层码率控制算法

分析了H.264/AVC编码后各帧质量波动大的原因，提出基于反馈原理的帧层码率控制算法——RCBF。该算法在保证缓冲区不上溢和下溢的前提下，按照帧复杂度来分配目标比特数，减少因为目标比特数与帧复杂度不一致引起的编码质量波动。同时根据反馈原理，参考前面帧的分配误差调整分配的目标比特数，使帧层码率控制更加准确。实验结果表明，RCBF算法的峰值信噪比PSNR值波动与JM10.2下的码率控制算法JVT-G012相比明显减小，同时平均PSNR值和控制精度也有提高。     

An intelligent supervision system for open loop controlled processes

On-line manufacturing systems for continuous production are traditionally checked by constant time-based inspection and statistical process control processes. In the monitoring operation of large scale process plants, it is important to detect and locate process variables as they can significantly modify the operation and quality of the products involved. The present paper explores an alternative for monitoring these systems that uses the open loop control paradigm. The proposed method is defined and presented as an application for one particular industrial process—rubber die extrusion. The advantages of this method for this particular application, including its implementation throughout a multi-agent system, compatible with the HoloMAS paradigm for managing, modeling and supporting complex systems, are also discussed.     

Statistical Pattern Modeling in Vision-Based Quality Control Systems

Machine vision technology improves productivity and quality management and provides a competitive advantage to industries that employ this technology. In this article, visual inspection and quality control theory are combined to develop a robust inspection system with manufacturing applications. The inspection process might be defined as the one used to determine if a given product fulfills a priori specifications, which are the quality standard. In the case of visual inspection, these specifications include the absence of defects, such as lack (or excess) of material, homogeneous visual aspect, required color, predetermined texture, etc. The characterization of the visual aspect of metallic surfaces is studied using quality control chars, which are a graphical technique used to compare on-line capabilities of a product with respect to these specifications. Original algorithms are proposed for implementation in automated visual inspection applications with on-line execution requirements. The proposed artificial vision method is a hybrid between the two usual methods of pattern comparison and theoretical decision. It incorporates quality control theory to statistically model the pattern for defect-free products. Specifically, individual control charts with 6-sigma limits are set so the inspection error is minimized. Experimental studies with metallic surfaces help demonstrate the efficacy and robustness of the proposed methodology.     

基于ARM9的嵌入式Linux测控系统实时性增强研究

对Linux内核进行了分析,研究了Linux内核在实时性方面的一些不足,并从开发一套基于ARM9的具体测控系统出发,提出了对ARM平台上的Linux系统时钟粒度、调度方式和中断管理的修改方案,该方案提高了嵌入式Linux内核的实时性.以此为基础,构成了一套多任务测控系统,该系统能够满足测控的实时性要求.     

An improved parallel cascade control structure for processes with time delay

Parallel cascade control strategies, to improve the dynamic performance of a control system, have been proposed earlier mainly for control of stable processes. In this paper, further results are presented for a new parallel cascade control structure and controller design for controlling stable, unstable or integrating processes with time delay. The design of the disturbance rejection controllers and the setpoint filter are based on loop shaping and ISE performance measures, respectively. A modified Smith predictor scheme is used in the primary loop to enhance the closed-loop performance of the system. The stabilization, robustness and performances of time delay processes are analyzed. The disturbance rejection capability of the proposed scheme is superior as compared to some existing methods. Examples are given to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed method and its superiority over some parallel cascade control schemes.