复合励磁稀土永磁同步发电机设计与研究

永磁同步发电机结构简单、运行可靠，但是输出电压调节范围小。本文提出了一种解决永磁发电机电压调节问题的方法——利用永磁体和电励磁绕组组合励磁。这种发电机由永磁体和电励磁部分组成，发电机的主要气隙磁场由永磁体建立，电励磁部分提供电机调压所需的辅助磁场，两部分共用一个电枢。     

组合励磁稀土永磁同步发电机的基本原理和设计方法

本文介绍了一种能解决永磁发电机电压调节问题的新型发电机－－组合励磁稀土永磁同步发电机,这种发电机由两部分组成,主发电机部分和一般的永磁发电机相同,而辅助调节电压原部分类似于电励磁发电机,两部分共有一套电枢绕组。本文讨论了这种发电机的基本结构、基本原理和设计原则,建立了数学研制了样机进行实验分析,得出了有益的结论。     

组合励磁稀土永磁同步发电机的基本原理和设计方法

本文介绍了一种能解决永磁发电机电压调节问题的新型发电机--组合励磁稀土永磁同步发电机,这种发电机由两部分组成,主发电机部分和一般的永磁发电机相同,而辅助调节电压的部分类似于电励磁发电机,两部分共有一套电枢绕组.本文讨论了这种发电机的基本结构、基本原理和设计原则,建立了数学计算模型并研制了样机进行实验分析,得出了有益的结论.     

复合励磁稀土永磁同步发电机辅助电励磁部分的研究与设计

复合励磁稀土永磁同步发电机是一种能解决永磁发电机电压调节问题的新型发电机。该发电机转子由永磁发电机部分和辅助电励磁部分组成，它们共有一个电枢绕组。辅助电励磁部分采用爪极式结构，与永磁体同轴向，通过调节其磁场可调节输出电压，以达到稳定端电压的目的。探讨了该发电机辅助电励磁部分的基本结构和设计方法。实验分析表明，该辅助电励磁部分具有良好的调压功能，能实现端电压的稳定输出。     

复合励磁稀土永磁同步发电机辅助电励磁部分的研究与设计

复合励磁稀土永磁同步发电机是一种能解决永磁发电机电压调节问题的新型发电机。该发电机转子由永磁发电机部分和辅助电励磁部分组成,它们共有一个电枢绕组。辅助电励磁部分采用爪极式结构,与永磁体同轴向,通过调节其磁场可调节输出电压,以达到稳定端电压的目的。探讨了该发电机辅助电励磁部分的基本结构和设计方法。实验分析表明,该辅助电励磁部分具有良好的调压功能,能实现端电压的稳定输出。     

稀土永磁同步发电机电辅助复合励磁系统的研究与设计

稀土永磁同步发电机具有结构简单、效率高等特点,但是在 d 轴电枢反应的作用下,永磁体的工作点产生动态变化,引起电压调整率要比电励磁发电机的电压调整率大得多.本文研究稀土永磁同步发电机电辅助复合励磁的系统,利用发电机输出端电压作为取样反馈信号,调节电辅助励磁电流,补偿 d 轴电枢反应.通过典型规格(7.5kVA)的样机实测表明,采用复合励磁的方法可以减小稀土永磁同步发电机电压调整率、提高运行性能.     

复合励磁永磁同步发电机研究

0 引言 随着第三代永磁钕铁硼的热稳定性和耐腐蚀性的改善，以及价格的降低，世界各国都在开发民用的稀土永磁发电机。对于一般的稀土永磁发电机，由于稀土永磁体的高矫顽力使发电机的输出电压无法调节，当负载或转速变化时，这类发电机保持恒压是比较困难的，因此电压调节困难阻碍了永磁发电机的技术发展和应用。而普通电励磁同步发电机由于可以方便地调节直流励磁。所以在磁场调节方面具有永磁发电机达不到的优势。     

双电压复合励磁稀土永磁同步发电机设计研究

文章研究了一种新型双电压输出的复合励磁稀土永磁同步发电机。该发电机的定子采用双绕组结构，转子采用永磁体和辅助电励磁相结合的复合励磁结构，兼顾了永磁同步发电机和电励磁同步发电机的优点。文章对这种电机结构原理、电磁计算进行了详细分析，通过对双绕组电枢反应的d-q轴电磁解耦，推导出其电磁计算的数学模型，得出各绕组输出电压的数学公式。样机的试验结果与设计结果进行了比较，证明了其推导的正确性。     

永磁同步发电机比较与分析

齿谐波励磁的混合励磁发电机是一种新型的永磁同步发电机,该电机解决了普通永磁同步发电机气隙磁场难以调节的问题。从发电机运行效率、材料用量,以及气隙磁场调节能力等3方面与普通永磁同步发电机进行了详细比较与分析。以额定参数和主要结构尺寸相同的2台永磁同步发电机为例,进行了定量计算与分析。结果表明:齿谐波励磁的混合励磁发电机效率略有降低,但永磁材料的用量较少,且具有较宽范围的气隙磁场调节能力,可保持发电机端电压恒定。     

混合励磁永磁同步发电机的电磁场有限元分析

介绍了一种混合励磁永磁同步发电机的电磁场有限元分析，这种发电机的主发电机部分和一般的永磁同步发电机相同，样机采用了表面径向式磁钢转子，另有用于调节电压的辅助电励磁部分，两部分共有一套电枢绕组。为了精确计算该发电机的参数和特性，采用了电磁场有限元计算，特别是对磁场分布比较复杂的电励磁部分采用了三维电磁场分析，在有限元数值计算的基础上，推导了计算发电机外特性的等效电路，并加工了实验样机，样机实测数据和计算结果相吻合。     

凸极效应对稀土永磁同步发电机固有电压变化率的影响

采用双反应理论, 用相量法建立了相应的数学计算模型, 定量分析了凸极效应对稀土永磁同步发电机固有电压变化率的影响规律, 提出了一种降低固有电压变化率的方法, 为设计电压变化率小的稀土永磁同步发电机提供了一条途径。     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR ON STEADY STATE

ABSTRACT

In its first part, this paper deals with steady state operation of a synchronous generator knowing its geometry, its magnetic characteristic, its output voltage and the field current. The second part is about the computation of the field current and load angle knowing the load of the synchronous generator, in terms of active power (P), reactive power (Q) and terminal voltage (V).

While the magnetic material characteristic is linear, the machine's equations can be solved analytically for the determination of its operating point. But when it is in a nonlinear area the problem becomes more intricate. In that case numerical modeling is very useful. In this paper we propose a model based on the simultaneous solution of electric and magnetic equations, where the latter are solved using the FEM. To consider the movement, the electric equations are expressed in d-q reference axes. As current and load angle are unknown, one has to add a new nonlinear electric equation to the classical nonlinear magnetic system. In our model the solution is obtained using the Newton-Raphson iterative procedure.

Numerical applications have been done on an EDF (Electricité de France) 1300MW synchronous generator designed by GEC.ALSTHOM. To show the validity of the model different trials have been performed, first without load, then when the machine produces active and reactive power.     

串联磁路混合励磁爪极发电机的结构设计和特性

针对电励磁爪极发电机效率低、永磁爪极发电机磁场调节困难的问题,提出了一种串联磁路混合励磁爪极同步发电机,利用磁路计算方法和三维有限元的分析研究了这种新型电机各部分的磁通密度大小,确定了合适的极对数和合理的磁钢厚度,探讨了这种新型电机的空载特性、外特性和调节特性.研究表明:串联磁路混合励磁爪极发电机合适的极对数为2,且磁钢厚度存在一个较为合理的优化值;相对于电励磁爪极发电机,它实现了励磁电流的双向控制;相对于永磁爪极发电机它使得输出电压的可调,在更宽的负载范围内实现了输出电压的恒定;在参数相同的情况下,与电励磁爪极发电机相比,该电机具有更高的气隙磁通密度和功率密度.     

Brushless self-excited three-phase synchronous generator without exciter

This paper describes principles together with analytic and experimental studies of an exciterless, brushless, and self-excited three-phase synchronous generator which was devised by authors. Since traditional brushless and dc self-excited three-phase synchronous generators without exciter did not have the self-exciting function by series characteristic component proportional to the load current inside the generator, they need auto-voltage regulating equipment or a transformer with three windings and condensers to obtain constant voltage characteristics. It also has the following problem in the case of two-pole traditional generator: oscillatory tension is generated at the shaft of the rotor caused by the magnetic force between magnetic poles of stator and rotor windings, and it causes mechanical vibration and noise. This paper proposes a new brushless and self-excited three-phase generator solving the aforementioned problems: the ratio of poles of the windings for providing power to load (armature and field windings) to the windings for supplying exciting power (stator and rotor exciting windings) is 1 to 5. Then oscillatory tension does not generate theoretically. Furthermore, a self-exciting three-phase generator using the 5th-harmonic component of armature reaction which makes series characteristic component proportional to the load current, currently is available. In this paper, the winding construction, the electric circuit, and the principle of the aforementioned generator are described, and the experimental results of the trial-produced generator show that the three-phase terminal voltage waveforms are almost sinusoidal and also balanced, and the voltage can be kept almost constant for the change of load. This generator has high reliability because of its simple construction.     

电动车用电动/发电永磁无刷直流电机的控制系统研究

该文主要针对混合动力电动汽车用无刷直流电机驱动系统进行基于DSP数字控制方式的研究,设计了基于DSP数字控制方式的集电动、发电于一体的混合动力汽车用稀土永磁无刷直流电机的控制系统。该系统选用了TMS320LF2407A作为主控芯片。文中主要介绍了该控制系统的结构特点、设计方法和控制策略,通过样机试验验证了设计的合理性。     

新型混合励磁无刷爪极电机磁场调节特性的三维有限元分析

针对电励磁爪极发电机效率低、永磁爪极发电机磁场调节困难的问题,提出一种新型的混合励磁无刷爪极发电机,它采用无刷结构,励磁绕组通过励磁支架固定在端盖上,由永磁体和励磁绕组共同作用产生气隙磁场,永磁磁场与电励磁磁场为并联关系.文采用三维有限元法对电机的空载磁场分布及磁场调节能力进行分析,分析结果表明:新型混合励磁无刷爪极发电机具有功率密度高、高效、可靠性高、转速调节范围更宽等特点.     

永磁同步电动机瞬态场的有限元动态分析

稀土永磁同步电动机从某一运行状态突然到另一运行状态的过渡过程中,有可能引起严重后果。首先要准确细致地分析电机内部瞬态磁场的分布,然后才可以方便地计算电机的瞬态特性。本文采用电流偶合法,对凸极转子进行了新型自动剖分,建立了恒定电压源激励下均匀媒质非线性通用形式的时步有限元差分方程,计算结果与实验结果比较,表明该方法是计算和分析永磁同步电动机的一种有效的方法,也是设计永磁同步电动机的有效途径。     

Research on performance improvement of magnetostrictive vibration power generator by frame material

As the performance of modules improved and the Internet became widespread, various electric appliances in daily life became connected to the Internet. Along with this, related to the method of supplying power to the module, attention is being paid to energy harvesting such as vibrational power generator. A magnetostrictive vibration generator comprising a magnetostrictive material (Fe‐Ga alloy) and a vibrating material is a promising device capable of generating small size and high power. However, selection of the optimum vibration material and analysis of the magnetic circuit for the magnetic characteristics of the Fe‐Ga alloy were insufficient, and it was thought that the vibration power generation device could not fully demonstrate the performance. In this paper, magnetic properties of monocrystalline Fe‐Ga alloy and vibrating material are grasped and magnetic analysis using finite element method is carried out. In addition, actually samples were prepared and compared with the results of magnetic analysis. From this result, we examined the effect of combinations of materials on device performance.     

株树桥电厂发电机温升高原因分析及改造措施

针对浏阳市株树桥水电厂发电机温升过高，以至多次发生发电机烧坏事故，被迫限负荷运行的实际状况，从电磁设计和通风方式上分析了发电机温升高的原因，提出了履行措施并加以实施，成功地电厂１号和２号机进行技术改造，取得了显著的效果。     

Analysis of a self‐regulated,self‐excited,brushless three‐phase synchronous generator,which includes the effect of core losses

This paper presents a novel analysis of a self‐regulated, self‐excited, brushless three‐phase synchronous generator, which includes the effect of core losses. The core losses are modeled by equivalent core loss resistances connected to additional windings on the generator's magnetic coupling model. A magnetic circuit is drawn from the magnetic coupling model, and an electrical equivalent circuit of the generator is derived by utilizing a duality between the magnetic and electric circuits. Using this equivalent circuit, the generator's steady‐state performance is theoretically predicted, and the results are verified through experiment. In addition, the power losses during power generation are analyzed quantitatively. The proposed analysis takes into account the nonlinearity of the exciting impedances due to magnetic saturation. © 2000 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 131(2): 51–60, 2000