有机颜料热稳定性的研究(Ⅰ)——颜料分子的极性与热稳定性

一、前言有机颜料的热稳定性对其应用性能具有十分重要的实际意义。为改进和提高其热稳定性能,在合成新型化学结构颜料的同时,还深入地研究了有机颜料的化学结构、晶型、后处理方法等对其应用性能的影响;研究颜料的分子结构、取代基的特性与颜料的热稳定性、热分解历程之间的关系。尽管某些无机颜料具有突出的耐热性能和耐溶剂特性,但往往毒性较大;而有机颜料则具有鲜艳的色光,高的透明度及着色力,除各     

关注有机颜料核心(关键)技术(续)

本文提出了有机颜料工业技术核心或关键技术概念,内涵包括有机颜料化学结构、颜料粒径大小与分布、颜料粒子形状与晶体形态及颜料粒子表面极性。为获得符合要求的应用特性、改进或超越某些颜料品种应用性能,必须高度关注有机颜料核心或关键技术,研究与调整重要的影响因素达到预期的目标。     

有机颜料合成与颗粒极性调整技术(一)

该文对有机颜料新型化学结构、应用特性、新合成技术、颗粒与极性调整加工技术给予系统地讨论;论述了有机颜料工业技术值得重视的有机颜料分子化学结构、有机颜料粒径大小、形状、粒径分布及颜料颗粒表面极性调整对其应用性能的影响,作者提出了有机颜料工业技术的"核心技术"(S&PPP)概念.     

有机颜料合成与颗粒极性调整技术(四)

该文对有机颜料新型化学结构、应用特性、新合成技术、颗粒与极性调整加工技术给予系统地讨论;论述了有机颜料工业技术值得重视的有机颜料分子化学结构、有机颜料粒径大小、形状、粒径分布及颜料颗粒表面极性调整对其应用性能的影响,作者提出了有机颜料工业技术的"核心技术"(S & PPP)概念.     

关注有机颜料核心(关键)技术

本文提出了有机颜料工业技术核心或关键技术概念,内涵包括有机颜料化学结构,颜料粒径大小与分布,颜料粒子形状与晶体形态及颜料粒子表面极性。为获得符合要求的应用特性、改进或超越某些颜料品种应用性能,必须高度关注有机颜料核心或关键技术,研究与调整重要的影响因素达到预期的目标。     

有机颜料合成与颗粒极性调整技术(三)

该文对有机颜料新型化学结构、应用特性、新合成技术、颗粒与极性调整加工技术给予系统地讨论;论述了有机颜料工业技术值得重视的有机颜料分子化学结构、有机颜料粒径大小、形状、粒径分布及颜料颗粒表面极性调整对其应用性能的影响,作者提出了有机颜料工业技术的"核心技术"(S & PPP)概念.     

有机颜料合成与颗粒极性调整技术(二)

该文对有机颜料新型化学结构、应用特性、新合成技术、颗粒与极性调整加工技术给予系统地讨论;论述了有机颜料工业技术值得重视的有机颜料分子化学结构、有机颜料粒径大小、形状、粒径分布及颜料颗粒表面极性调整对其应用性能的影响,作者提出了有机颜料工业技术的"核心技术"(s&PPP)概念.     

有机颜料工业新技术进展

综述了有机颜料的新的化学结构类型,应用特性,新的合成工艺与新技术及其进展,DPP类颜料向更好的应用性能和新的剂型发展;苯并咪唑酮-二噁嗪类颜料是将两种结构引入到同一分子中以获得更高的着色强度和稳定性。新的颜料化技术可获得纳米级颜料或隐型颜料,在水介质压力下颜料化技术,等离子溅射表面改性技术,微波照射合成工艺等成为有机颜料工业新技术进展过程中的开发热点。本文提出了有机颜料新型发色体系的开发、表面改性、专用助剂等六个值得关注的技术问题和包括有机颜料结构、粒径大小及分布、颗粒表面极性在内的“核心技术”(S&PPP)概念。有41篇参考文献。     

金属络合有机颜料的研究和开发

介绍了金属络合有机颜料的特点 ,包括它们的化学结构、制备方法、应用性质等。金属络合有机颜料作为有机颜料性能无机化的品种 ,既保持了有机颜料鲜艳 ,着色力强的特点 ,又有无机颜料优异的耐热、耐候性能 ,对于传统有机颜料的改性具有十分重要的意义     

绿色颜料在高性能涂料中的应用

该文阐述了绿色无机颜料和绿色有机颜料在氟碳涂料、高级建筑涂料、重防腐蚀涂料、汽车涂料、卷材涂料、隔热反射涂料、示温涂料、导电涂料等高性能涂料以及对环境友好的水性涂料、粉末涂料、紫外光固化涂料等领域的应用。     

Characteristics of pigments,modification, and their functionalities

Novel treatments of pigments with inorganic materials have tremendous industrial and commercial prospects. Specific treatment of pigment has a marked effect on its behavior during application. The treatment allows a broad modification of the surface characteristics of pigment particles which leads to improved functionalities. Surface modification of pigments is achieved via coating, polymerization with modifying reagent, treatment with derivatives or polymers, which alter either the optical, conductivity or dispersibility during processing and application. These and many other distinguishing factors that affect the characteristics of pigments such as the class, crystal structure, particle morphology, particle size, hiding power, pigment volume concentration, surface character, and surface treatment have been reviewed. Various organic pigments such as those from fungus and bacteria, and the various families of pigment types such as metallic pigment, light interference, and diffractive pigments which presents decorative quality such as leafing, nonleafing, pearlscent, and Fabry‐Perot effects on substrates have also been reviewed in addition to those from inorganic sources with emphasis on the structure and physiochemical modifications using metal and nonmetal Ions.     

变色颜料

变色颜料严格地讲,应属于无机颜料,但许多变色颜料都是和传统的有机颜料复合使用,使传统的颜料、涂料工业以及防伪油墨等受到了极大的挑战,充满了商机。本文综述了变色颜料的最新发展,重点介绍了变色颜料的结构、光可变机理、随视角变化的CIELAB色彩空间坐标图及加工工艺。     

水性涂料用着色剂的选择

本文对在水性涂料中的各类着色剂进行了归类;综述了各类着色剂在水性涂料中的应用,包括染料、无机颜料、有机颜料、效应颜料、特种颜料和颜料预制剂;详细地分析对比了常用有机和无机颜料的性能和应用的领域。另外,文章以劳尔色1021油菜黄为例,列举了不同涂料体系中对应的配色方案。     

水性无机建筑涂料热贮存稳定性的影响因素探讨

以胶体二氧化硅溶液和改性液态硅酸钾为主要无机成膜物质,苯丙乳液为有机改性剂、合成硅酸镁锂为增稠防沉剂、以金红石型钛白粉、煅烧高岭土、重质碳酸钙、滑石粉等为颜填料制备了一种性能优异、热贮存稳定性良好的水性无机建筑涂料,讨论了胶体二氧化硅和改性硅酸钾的种类、不同增稠剂、改性有机高聚物乳液、颜填料等对其热贮存稳定性的影响,并对涂层的施工性能,耐洗刷性能、耐水、耐碱性能等进行了评估。     

卷钢涂料用着色颜料的选择

简单介绍了卷钢涂料的特点,列举了目前卷钢涂料中经常使用的部分无机和有机着色颜料,提出了选择中应注意颜料的耐热性、耐光性、耐候性、耐溶剂性、毒性等因素。     

Hybrid coating pigments of poly(styrene-co-maleimide)/kaolin/alumina trihydrate for paper coating

Novel organic–inorganic hybrid pigments were prepared by in situ imidization of poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (SMA) aqueous dispersion with ammonia in the presence of inorganic pigments, i.e. kaolin (K) or a mixture of kaolin (K)/alumina trihydrate (ATH). The objective was to allow the organic nano-particles of poly(styrene-co-maleimide) (SMI) to precipitate during their formation onto the surface of the inorganic pigment(s) and to investigate their potential in paper coatings. The produced hybrid pigments were characterized by Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFT-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wide-angel X-ray diffraction (WXRD) spectroscopy and their particle sizes were determined by dynamic light scattering technique. By FTIR measurements the formation of maleimide was confirmed and the existence of strong hydrogen bonding between organic and inorganic components could also be detected. Whereas, the SEM images revealed that the surface of silicate layers had successfully been to a large extent covered by the organic nano-particles to give raise to novel hybrid particles. In addition, the particle size measurements support the observation that the organic nanoparticles for the most part had been chemically or physically attached to the larger inorganic particles. Thus, this in situ imidization process in the presence of clay particles provides a neat method of dispersing the formed nanoparticles onto the inorganic surface through hydrogen bonding. The produced hybrids were applied as auxiliary pigments in paper coating where they improved gloss without roughening the paper surface.     

Effects of morphology and surface treatment of inorganic pigments on waterborne coating properties

Inorganic pigments in aqueous coatings are investigated using atomic force microscopy and microprobe analysers. The first method characterises the topography at a very high resolution. The findings obtained using the second method reveal the distribution of the pigment in the paint film. Taking selected titanium dioxide and iron oxide pigments, the effects of particle morphology as well as inorganic and organic surface treatment on the dispersibility and flocculation stability are shown. These two phenomena are factors in gloss, hazing, hiding power, tinting strength and viscosity – key quality parameters in waterborne coatings.     

Evaluation of the ASTM D7869-13 test method to predict the gloss and color retention of premium architectural finishes-I

A recently developed xenon arc-based accelerated weathering cycle, ASTM D7869-13, has been validated for automotive and aerospace coatings, but its ability to predict the gloss and color retention of premium architectural finishes has not yet been evaluated. We review new weathering data comparing the performance of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) architectural finishes in south Florida exposure as well as several accelerated exposure methods including ASTM D7869-13. ASTM D7869 accurately reproduced Florida rank order gloss and color retention trends for coatings made with PVDF-acrylic blends and inorganic pigments, as well as the gloss and color changes seen in Florida for 70% PVDF masstone coatings made with a number of single organic pigments. However, the D7869 cycle has difficulty predicting the rank order of rutile TiO₂ grades for the gloss retention of PVDF coatings in Florida, as well as the magnitude and direction of color fade from organic pigment degradation in organic pigment/inorganic pigment blends. One open question that remains is whether the ASTM D7869 cycle might have some utility for industry standard or specification purposes, if the test is limited to specific reference colors or more ideally to specific reference pigments.     

Challenges of chromate inhibitor pigments replacement in organic coatings

General considerations concerning pigment grade corrosion inhibitors are presented and new characteristic functional parameters proposed. The chemistry, contemporarily practiced for corrosion inhibitor pigment synthesis, as well as known mechanistic considerations relevant to the corrosion inhibitor species available in pigment grades, are reviewed. Inherent limits of chemistry are outlined regarding the feasibility of developing equally effective and versatile non-toxic alternatives for chromates.

Fundamental aspects of corrosion inhibitor pigment behavior are discussed in the context of organic coatings degradation mechanisms. Disclosed experimental data demonstrate that correlation exists between solubility of corrosion inhibitor pigments, leaching from, and osmotic blistering of organic coatings. A mathematical expression is proposed and empirically proven to adequately describe the leaching rate of corrosion inhibitor pigments from organic coatings.

The barrier function of some high performance organic coatings, such as aircraft or coil, is negligible and requires the contribution of an effective corrosion inhibitor pigment, which, typically, is strontium chromate. In this context, the feasibility of replacing chromate inhibitor pigments is assessed and the “gap” observable between the inhibitor performance of chromates and traditional non-chromate pigments is noted.

Experimental data are displayed regarding the corrosion inhibitor performance of a novel, organic–inorganic, hybrid type corrosion inhibitor pigment in typical aircraft primer application on aluminum and plated steel. The presented data demonstrate the feasibility of chromate replacement in this specific case.