化学发光分析法测定金的进展

对化9学发光分析法测定金的进展作了评述，概括了化学发光试剂及影响化学发光的因素，初步探讨了金的化学发光反应机理，认为试剂浓度、试剂加入次序、介质溶液、伴生元素和温度等对金的化学发光强度均有影响，表面活性剂有增加试液稳定性、加速反就、增强发光强度的作用，当Au（Ⅲ）与Cl^-离子、8－羟基喹啉等形成配合物时，化学发光信号稳定性提高、强度增大。     

鲁米诺化学发光法测定贵金属元素

介绍了鲁米诺的性质、合成、化学发光机理及测定贵金属的基本原理,并列表说明鲁米诺化学发光法测定贵金属的概况。     

化学发光分析在环境中的实际应用

本文评述了近年来化学发光分析在环境中的实际应用发展状况，分析体系以及相应化学发光分析方法的检测限和线性范围。     

四甲吡嗪对人类白细胞呼吸爆发氧代谢的影响1

目的 研究四甲吡嗪(川芎嗪, Lig) 对白细胞呼吸爆发期间氧消耗和过氧化物的影响。方法 采用电子自旋共振自旋捕集技术, 自旋探针氧测定法和化学发光法检测白细胞呼吸爆发期间氧消耗和活性氧自由基。结果 Lig 对白细胞呼吸爆发期间的氧消耗无明显影响(P >0.05), 但能明显抑制其产生的化学发光(P <0.01), 这是Lig 清除$\mathop{{O}}_{2}^{{\mathop{}_{\ ·}^{-}}}$和OH·的结果。结论 Lig 可以不抑制白细胞氧化代谢的功能而通过清除氧自由基防止白细胞对组织的损伤。     

矿样中金的化学发光法测定

1.引言碱性水溶液中的AuCl_4~-可以协同H_2O_2氧化鲁米诺而产生化学发光,波长为425nm,其强度与AuCl_4~-的量成正比.基于上述原理建立了金的化学发光测定法.此法具有检出限低、重现性好以及动态线性范围大等优点.为降低空白值,采用巯基棉分离出矿样中的金,消除共存离子的干扰.并采用KIO_3和H_2O_2作保护剂,解决了低含量金试液不稳定导致发光信号衰减的问题.而用不加KIO_3保护的试液在数分钟后发光信号衰减殆尽的方法完全扣除了空白,从而提高了测定的灵敏度和准确度.应用本法对化探样品进行测定,结果较为满意,金的检测限为0.1ppb,线性范围为10~(-7)～10~(-10)gAu/mL.     

流动注射化学发光法分析Au、Ag、Pt、Pd的进展

介绍了流动注射化学发光法(FI—CL)的基本原理及其测定痕量Au、Ag、Pt和Pd方面的应用。评述了FI—CL仪器的研制、新分析方法的建立、与其它技术联用等方面的最新进展情况。展望了FI—CL法测定痕量Au、Ag、Pt和Pd的发展方向和研究热点。引用56篇参考文献。     

吐温80—H2O2化学发光新体系测定痕量lr（lV）

建立了吐温８０－Ｈ２Ｏ２体系测定痕量铱的新的化学发光分析法，方法的检测限为３．０×１０＾－９ｇ／ｍｌ，线性范围为１．０×１０＾－８～１．０×１０＾－５ｇ／ｍｌ，测定１００ｐｐｂ铱溶液的相对标准偏差为６．５％。     

吐温80─H_2O_2化学发光新体系测定痕量lr（Ⅳ）

建立了吐温８０─Ｎ＿２Ｏ＿２体系测定痕量铱的新的化学发光分析法，方法的检测限为３．０×１０￣（－９）ｇ／ｍｌ；线性范围为１．０×１Ｏ￣（－８）～１．０×１０￣（－５）ｇ／ｍｌ；测定１００ｐｐｂ铱溶液的相对标准偏差为６．５％。     

基于微量液体的压力检测技术研究

以化学发光免疫分析仪的液体漏加检测功能为研究对象,建立压力检测系统的数学分析模型,推导出影响系统压力变化的影响因子,研究压力检测系统的管径、管长及抽液速度等参数对压力检测精度的影响,揭示了系统结构参数和性能参数对压力检测精度的影响规律。结果表明：加样系统的管长、管径及抽液速度,对压力检测系统的稳定性影响比较显著;合理选择管长、管径及抽液速度,有助于改善系统的稳定性,提高压力检测系统的准确性。     

孕烷X受体基因多态性与五酯胶囊对他克莫司增效作用的相关性研究

目的: 研究肾移植患者中五酯胶囊对他克莫司增效作用与孕烷X受体（PXR）基因多态性的相关性。方法: 连续服用五酯胶囊24个月的患者74人为五酯胶囊（＋）组,未服用五酯胶囊的患者96人为五酯胶囊（－）组。通过直接测序法测定PXR 7635 G>A(rs6785049)和PXR 24381 C>A(rs1523127)基因型;通过等位基因特异性聚合酶链反应（ASPCR）方法测定PXR 6碱基缺失（rs3842689）基因型。使用化学发光微粒子免疫分析技术（CMIA）检测他克莫司C₀。采用协方差分析考察不同组别他克莫司C₀/D的差异。结果: 无论他克莫司是否与五酯胶囊联合使用,PXR 6碱基缺失以及PXR 24381 C>A不同基因型他克莫司C₀/D均无统计学差异。在五酯胶囊（＋）组中,用药3个月~24个月时,PXR 7635 G>A GG型患者他克莫司C₀/D与GA/AA型差异比较,有统计学意义（P=0.005、0.049、0.001、0.031、0.035）,在五酯胶囊（－）组中,PXR 7635 G>A不同基因型他克莫司C0/D无统计学差异。结论: 五酯胶囊对他克莫司的增效作用与PXR 7635 G>A基因多态性可能相关。     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.     

知母宁对慢性低O2高CO2大鼠肺小动脉结构型和诱导型NOS基因表达的影响

目的: 研究知母宁对慢性低O₂ 高CO₂ 大鼠肺小动脉结构型一氧化氮合酶(cNOS)和诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)基因表达的影响,进而了解其对肺动脉高压的防治机制。方法: 将SD大鼠分为正常对照组、低O₂ 高CO₂ 组、知母宁组。采用图像分析、免疫组化、组织原位杂交、酶动力学等方法,测定各组大鼠动脉血、肺组织NO含量、NOS活性、肺细小动脉iNOS、cNOS及其基因表达的变化。结果: (1)低O₂ 高CO₂ 组m PAP、RV/(LV+ S)显著高于其他组(P< 0.01),3组间mCAP比较差异无显著性;(2)血、肺组织匀浆NO含量低O₂ 高CO₂ 组显著低于正常对照组, 知母宁组显著高于低O₂ 高CO₂ 组(p <0.01); (3)低O₂ 高CO₂ 组血浆及肺组织匀浆cNOS活性显著低于正常对照组(P<0.01), iNOS活性均显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01);知母宁组大鼠血浆及肺组织匀浆cNOS活性均显著高于低O₂ 高CO₂组(P<0.01),血浆iNOS活性无明显差异,肺组织匀浆iNOS活性咯高于低O₂ 高CO₂ 组(P<0.05);(4)低O₂ 高CO₂ 组肺细小动脉iNOS及其mRNA表达显著高于正常对照组(P < 0.01), cNOS及其mRNA表达显著低于正常对照组(P<0.01),知母宁组大鼠肺细小动脉iNOS、cNOS及其mRNA表达均显著高于低O₂ 高CO₂ 组(P<0.01)。(5)光、电镜下低O₂ 高CO₂ 组肺血管结构重建,知母宁组肺血管结构重建明显减轻。结论: 知母宁能促进低O₂ 高CO₂ 大鼠肺小动脉iNOS及cNOS 基因表达,上调NO/NOS体系,使NO合成增多可能为其抑制慢性低O₂高CO₂、肺动脉高压和肺血管结构重建的作用的重要作用机制之一。     

Stress Analysis of the Aperture in Compound Pipeline by FEM

There is a cyclical aperture at a certain part of the fiberglass reinforced plastic compound pipeline with a stainless steel pipe as a liner, which becomes the weakness of the conduit. The field of stress and strain of the aperture was investigated using the nonliner finite element code Marc. The results of the finite element analysis showed that there were concentrations of stress and strain in the layer of stainless steel at the part of the pipeline where the aperture existed. The method to solve these problems was also discussed.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Influence of Fe on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in Pdoped Ni–Cr–Fe Alloys

The influence of Fe on the microstructure and mechanical properties of P-doped Ni–Cr–Fe alloys has been investigated.Results showed that increasing Fe content refined the dendrite microstructure and enhanced the solubility of P in as-cast alloys. The change of microhardness in different dendrite regions was attributed to the segregation of P atoms in solid solution state, which had strengthening effects. Increasing Fe contents from 15.2 to 60.7 wt% reduced the yield strength and tensile strength but had little influence on the elongation of alloys. The stress rupture life of alloys after heat treatment decreased with the increment of Fe contents, and the failure fracture modes transferred from transgranular to intergranular fracture mode. The change of fracture modes was due to the weakness of grain boundaries caused by the increment of Fe.In addition, the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 was believed to be related to the segregation of P toward grain boundaries, which led to the fluctuation of carbon and chromium atoms near the grain boundaries in alloys with low Fe contents. Consequently, the increment of Fe decreased the strength of matrix and changed the existence of P atoms and the precipitates at grain boundaries.     

Coupled Influence of Temperature and Strain Rate on Tensile Deformation Characteristics of Hot-Extruded AZ31 Magnesium Alloy

To explore the coupled effect of temperature T and strain rate_e on the deformation features of AZ31 Mg alloy,mechanical behaviors and microstructural evolutions as well as surface deformation and damage features were systematically examined under uniaxial tension at T spanning from 298 to 523 K and_e from 10-4to 10-2s-1. The increase in T or the decrease in_e leads to the marked decrease in flow stress, the appearance of a stress quasi-plateau after an initially rapid strain hardening, and even to the occurrence of successive strain softening. Correspondingly, the plastic deformation modes of AZ31 Mg alloy transform from the predominant twinning and a limited amount of dislocation slip into the enhanced non-basal slip and the dynamic recrystallization(DRX) together with the weakened twinning. Meanwhile, the cracking modes also change from along grain boundaries(GBs) and at twin boundaries(TBs) or the end of twins into nearby GBs where the DRX has occurred. The appearance of a stress quasi-plateau, the formation of large-sized cracks nearby GBs, and the occurrence of continuous strain softening, are intimately related to the enhancement of the non-basal slip and the DRX.     

Artificial motives: A review of motivation in artificial creatures

The significance of the motivational determinants of animal and human behaviour has been recognized for some time by psychologists, ethologists and other students of behaviour. The diversity of mechanisms and processes which have been proposed as explanations of motivated behaviour reflects the depth and complexity of this issue. In recent years, researchers interested in designing artificial creatures and similar robotic devices have turned to these theories of motivation as a means of making their creations more adaptive to real-world situations. This paper outlines some of the pertinent strands of motivation research in animal psychology and animal behaviour; topics considered include ethological models of motivation and psychological accounts such as drive theory and incentive motivation. These theories provide the framework for a review of artefactual models which include a motivational dimension in artificial neural and other parallel distributed animat control mechanisms. The paper goes on to explore the potential of an interactive view of motivation, adopted by theorists such as F. Toates (1986, Motivational Systems, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), as the basis for identifying the problems of including a motivational dimension in the design of artificial creatures, e.g. the issue of 'emergent motivation'.     

Antimony Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon

Antimony induced crystallization of PVD (physics vapor deposition) amorphous silicon can be observed on sapphire substrates. Very large crystalline regions up to several tens of micrometers can be formed. The Si diffraction patterns of the area of crystallization can be observed with TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Only a few and much smaller crystals of the order of 1μm were formed when the antimony layer was deposited by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) compared with a layer formed by thermal evaporation. The use of high vacuum is essential in order to observe any Sb induced crystallization at all. In addition it is necessary to take measures to limit the evaporation of the antimony.     

Effects of Sub-zero Celsius Treatment and Tempering on the Stability of Retained Austenite in Bearing Steel

In this work, the influence of sub-zero Celsius treatment and tempering on the mechanical and thermal stability of retained austenite in bearing steel were assessed by tensile test and DSC. Compared with traditional quenched and tempered treatment, sub-zero Celsius treatment obviously decreases the volume fraction of retained austenite. Moreover, the mechanical stability of retained austenite was enhanced due to the accumulation of compressive stresses in retained austenite after sub-zero Celsius treatment and tempering. Meanwhile, the morphology of retained austenite changed from film-like to blocky with austenitization temperature increasing, and the mechanical stability of film-like retained austenite is higher than that of blocky one. The DSC results showed that the activation energy of retained austenite decomposition slightly increased through sub-zero Celsius treatment and tempering. This result may probably be ascribed to partitioning of carbon during tempering. However, the temperature at which retained austenite starts to decompose is unchanged.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.