MB3镁合金固态塑性连接组织性能研究

研究了MB3镁合金的搅拌摩擦焊技术。对其塑性连接时的焊缝成形，焊缝组织形态及接头的力学性能进行了分析。结果表明，用搅拌摩擦焊方法焊接MB3镁合金，当工艺参数合适时，可获得外观成形美观、内部无缺陷，几乎无变形的平板对接接头。接头力学性能试验表明，其抗拉强度可达母材的97．2％，高于熔焊接头的强度，断裂位置大多位于热影响区。     

镁合金搅拌摩擦焊的研究进展

传统的镁合金熔化焊易造成晶粒粗大、热裂纹和气孔等缺陷问题。搅拌摩擦焊是解决这些缺陷的有效途径。本文介绍了镁合金搅拌摩擦焊的研究现状,包括焊缝的成形特点、组织特征、力学性能以及接头材料的塑性流动情况。提出了镁合金搅拌摩擦焊的研究方向。     

AZ31镁合金搅拌摩擦胶接点焊接头组织和性能研究

提出搅拌摩擦胶接点焊(Bongding-FSSW)连接方法,并研究AZ31镁合金搅拌摩擦胶接点焊接头的组织和性能。结果表明,用密封胶进行胶接点焊,接头的抗拉伸剪切能力与FSSW接头相当,胶黏剂对搅拌摩擦点焊焊核的力学性能影响较小;使用高强粘结剂进行搅拌摩擦胶接点焊,接头的抗拉伸剪切性能明显优于单一的搅拌摩擦点焊、胶接接头的抗拉伸剪切性能;焊核区形成细小、均匀的等轴晶粒,而热机影响区和热影响区形成较为粗大的晶粒,且晶粒大小不均匀。     

AZ91D薄板搅拌摩擦焊

实现了厚度为2.2 mm铸造镁合金AZ91D薄板的搅拌摩擦焊和钨极氩弧焊,分析了搅拌摩擦焊工艺参数对焊接接头成形的影响和接头组织变化,考察了搅拌摩擦焊接头的力学性能.在搅拌头旋转速度为1 380 r/min时得到了比较理想的焊接接头,而1 960 r/min的转速过大.接头不同区域所受的机械力和热量不同,显微组织明显不同.搅拌区晶粒细小,显微硬度和强度都有所提高.搅拌摩擦焊接头力学性能与热输入有关;与氩弧焊接头相比,搅拌摩擦焊接接头的性能更好.     

AZ80镁合金搅拌摩擦焊组织分析

探讨了AZ80镁合金搅拌摩擦焊接头不同区受热后的成形过程及组织差异,并对焊核区细分为中心焊核和两边焊核,认为焊核区组织在接头中最小,而下部焊核在中心焊核中,晶粒尺寸最小;热机影响区组织较粗大,且原母材热轧流线已变形;热影响区组织正经历β相溶于α相的趋势,原母材热轧流线基本不变.     

AZ80镁合金搅拌摩擦焊缝硬度性能分析

AZ80镁合金搅拌摩擦焊成形时,接头组织承受摩擦受热、升温及降温.探讨了接头不同区域由于受热程度不同、冷却速度不同,产生组织晶粒大小不同,显微硬度不同.结果显示:焊核区在接头中硬度最低,而下部焊核在中心焊核中,硬度最高,晶粒最小;热机影响区硬度大于焊核区,相应组织较粗大及母材挤压成形流线影响仍大;热影响区硬度更接近母材,组织接近母材,受挤压形成的织构强化、应变硬化仍存在;前进侧硬度比后退侧的小,前进侧的组织比后退侧的组织粗大.     

金属的焊接性

20095045厚板AZ31镁合金搅拌摩擦焊焊接接头的组织与性能／杨素嫒…／／焊接学报．-2009,30（5）：1～4 对10mm厚板A231镁合金成功进行了搅拌摩擦焊接,获得成形良好、表面光滑、元裂纹、无气孔的焊接接头。研究该搅拌摩擦焊接头不同区域的显微组织特征,并通过拉伸、冲击和硬度试验分析了焊接接头的力学性能。结果表明,焊缝中心区是均匀细小的等轴晶粒,热力影响区晶粒大小不均匀,     

AZ91D镁合金搅拌摩擦焊接头组织与性能

采用搅拌摩擦焊对AZ91D镁合金进行焊接试验,研究了搅拌摩擦焊接头的组织与性能.结果表明,当转速为1 000～1 400 r/min、焊速为50～150 mm/min时,均可得到表面成形良好、内部无孔洞和隧道的焊缝;焊接区与母材组织差异极大,焊接区形成细小、均匀的再结晶组织,具有锻造组织特征;热影响区为部分再结晶组织,再结晶晶粒沿原铸造晶粒的晶界生长;对接头进行拉伸试验,断裂发生在母材处,表明接头的抗拉强度高于母材.     

金属的焊接性

20095045厚板AZ31镁合金搅拌摩擦焊焊接接头的组织与性能／杨素嫒…／／焊接学报．-2009,30（5）：1～4 对10mm厚板A231镁合金成功进行了搅拌摩擦焊接,获得成形良好、表面光滑、元裂纹、无气孔的焊接接头。研究该搅拌摩擦焊接头不同区域的显微组织特征,并通过拉伸、冲击和硬度试验分析了焊接接头的力学性能。结果表明,焊缝中心区是均匀细小的等轴晶粒,热力影响区晶粒大小不均匀,     

MB3镁合金搅拌摩擦连接工艺研究

针对工业用MB3镁合金进行了搅拌摩擦焊接试验。分析了各工艺参数及搅拌头形状对焊缝质量的影响。经过力学测试表明；对于3mm厚的MB33镁合金，采用搅拌头旋转速度为1500r／min，焊速48mm/min时焊接接头成形良好，性能优良。     

轴肩尺寸对异种铝合金材料搅拌摩擦焊接头显微组织的影响规律

对5083铝/6082铝异种材料搅拌摩擦焊（friction stir welding,FSW）进行研究,重点分析轴肩直径对横截面形貌、显微组织与显微硬度的影响规律.结果表明,FSW接头焊核区由致密细小的等轴晶组成;增加轴肩直径可增加焊核区沿垂直焊缝方向的宽度以及增大焊核区、热影响区与热力影响区的晶粒尺寸.与后退侧的6082铝合金不同,前进侧5083铝合金的热力影响区发生了动态再结晶.显微硬度呈W形分布,最小值出现在热影响区.显微硬度的测试结果与焊核区的横截面形貌结果吻合.     

Tungsten Inert Gas and Friction Stir Welding Characteristics of 4-mm-Thick 2219-T87 Plates at Room Temperature and −196 °C

2219-T87 aluminum alloy is widely used for fabricating liquid rocket propellant storage tank, due to its admirable cryogenic property. Welding is the dominant joining method in the manufacturing process of aerospace components. In this study, the tungsten inert gas welding and friction stir welding (FSW) characteristics of 4-mm-thick 2219-T87 alloy plate at room temperature (25 °C) and deep cryogenic temperature (?196 °C) were investigated by property measurements and microscopy methods. The studied 2219 base alloy exhibits a low strength plane anisotropy and excellent room temperature and cryogenic mechanical properties. The ultimate tensile strength values of TIG and FSW welding joints can reach 265 and 353 MPa at room temperature, and 342 and 438 MPa at ?196 °C, respectively. The base metal consists of elongated deformed grains and many nano-scaled θ (Al₂Cu) aging precipitates. Fusion zone and heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the TIG joint are characterized by coarsening dendritic grains and equiaxed recrystallized grains, respectively. The FSW-welded joint consists of the weld nugget zone, thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), and HAZ. In the weld nugget zone, a micro-scaled sub-grain structure is the main microstructure characteristic. The TMAZ and HAZ are both characterized by coarsened aging precipitates and elongated deformed grains. The excellent FSW welding properties are attributed to the preservation of the working structures and homogenous chemical compositions.     

6061铝合金FSW接头与MIG焊接头对比试验

采用搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)和MIG焊分别对6061铝合金板进行了焊接试验,测试了焊接接头的强度,观察了焊接接头的金相组织,并进行了接头的硬度分布测试.结果表明,搅拌摩擦焊接头抗拉强度高达212.05 MPa,是母材抗拉强度的86％,比MIG焊的接头强度略高.焊接接头软化区宽度比MIG焊接头软化宽度窄.6061铝合金母材为典型的轧制组织,焊核区为细小的等轴晶组织,MIG焊接头焊缝为柱状晶组织.     

Microstructure and Properties of TIG/FSW Welded Joints of a New Al-Zn-Mg-Sc-Zr Alloy

A new Al-Zn-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy with low Sc content was welded by tungsten inert gas (TIG) and friction stir welding (FSW) techniques. The microstructure and properties of those two welded joints were investigated by property tests and microstructural observations. The results show that the new Al-Zn-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy has desirable welding property. The ultimate tensile strength and welding coefficient of the TIG joint reach 405 MPa and 76.7%, respectively, and in FSW joint those property values reach 490 MPa and 92.6%, respectively. The studied base metal has a deformed fibrous subgrains structure, many nano-scaled Al₃(Sc,Zr) particles, and very fine aging precipitates. In the TIG joint, the fusion zone consists of coarsened dendritic grains and the heat-affected zone (HAZ) has fibrous micro-scaled subgrains. The FSW welded joint is characterized by a weld nugget zone, thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), and HAZ. Due to plastic deformation around the rotating pin and anti-recrystallized effectiveness of Al₃(Sc,Zr) particles, the weld nugget zone has a very fine subgrain structure. The TMAZ experiences some dissolution of aging precipitates. Coarsening of aging precipitates was observed in the HAZ. The better mechanical properties of the FSW joint are derived from a fine subgrain structure and homogeneous chemical compositions.     

Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr合金板材搅拌摩擦焊和氩弧焊焊接接头的对比

研究Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr合金的焊接工艺和焊接接头组织和性能。采用搅拌摩擦焊（FSW）和氩弧焊（TIG）2种焊接工艺对该合金的热轧和冷轧-退火2种使用态板材进行焊接。采用比较研究的方法测定和研究焊接接头的力学性能和显微组织,利用光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜研究焊缝的显微组织和力学性能之间的关系。结果表明,与基材相比,Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr合金的热轧和冷轧-退火板材的FSW和TIG焊接接头的强度均下降,但FSW焊接系数高于TIG焊接系数。这是因为FSW焊接接头焊核区亚结构强化的丧失和Al3（Sc,Zr）的析出强化作用的极少量丧失,而TIG焊焊接接头的软化主要原因是其形变强化的完全丧失和Al3（Sc,Zr）的析出强化作用的大部分丧失,且搅拌摩擦焊焊核区晶粒比TIG焊的焊缝区晶粒更细小。     

温度峰值影响6061铝/AZ31B镁异种材料FSW接头成形的规律

以6061-T6铝合金与AZ31B镁合金为研究对象,基于Abaqus软件进行了异种材料搅拌摩擦焊过程的温度场数值模拟,重点分析搅拌针偏置镁侧下的搅拌区温度峰值影响焊缝表面成形的规律。结果表明,当焊接温度峰值高于Al-Mg共晶温度时,搅拌针根部附近区域会出现较明显的黏着现象,其随着焊接速度的降低而加剧,这与焊接温度峰值的升高相关。随着焊接速度的增加,焊缝表面更易避免裂纹缺陷的产生。当搅拌头的转速为1200r/min且焊接速度为40mm/min时,6061铝/AZ31B镁异种材料焊接接头的表面成形良好。     

Microstructure and Mechanical Characterization of Friction-Stir-Welded Dual-Phase Brass

Friction stir welding (FSW) is an ideal process to join brass to avoid the evaporation of zinc. In the present investigation, 6-mm-thick dual-phase brass plates were joined efficiently using FSW at various tool rotational speeds. The microstructures were studied using optical microscopy, electron backscattered diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The optical micrographs revealed the evolution of various zones across the joint line. The microstructure of the heat-affected zone was similar to that of base metal. The weld zone exhibited finer grains due to dynamic recrystallization. The recrystallization was inhomogeneous and the inhomogeneity reduced with increased tool rotational speed. The dual phase was preserved in the weld zone due to the retention of zinc. The severe plastic deformation created a lot of dislocations in the weld zone. The weld zone was strengthened after welding. The role of tool rotational speed on the joint strength is further reported.     

高镁铝合金搅拌摩擦交叉焊接头微观组织与力学性能

为满足大型铝合金船舶壁板的制造需求,对新一代高镁铝合金进行了搅拌摩擦交叉焊接试验. 结果表明,交叉焊接头成形良好,搅拌区晶粒尺寸最小,热力影响区晶粒形态没有明显方向性,与单道搅拌摩擦焊相比,交叉焊接头搅拌区晶粒组织更细. 显微硬度测试结果表明,交叉焊接头显微硬度变化范围较小,前进侧接头软化明显;拉伸试验测试结果表明,交叉焊接头抗拉强度为340 MPa,为母材强度的87%,对比搅拌摩擦焊接头抗拉强度358 MPa略微降低,在热影响区断裂,断裂方式为45°韧性断裂;疲劳裂纹萌生于焊缝底部,在最大应力150 MPa下循环超2 × 106次未断裂,疲劳性能良好,瞬断区断裂方式为韧性断裂.     

搅拌摩擦焊工艺参数对铸态A356铝合金抗拉强度的影响(英文)

A356是一种高强度铝硅铸造态合金,广泛用于食品、化工、船舶、电器和汽车行业。熔焊这种铸造合金时存在许多问题,如孔隙、微裂隙、热裂等。然而,用搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)来焊接这种铸造态合金可以避免上述缺陷发生。研究了搅拌摩擦焊工艺参数对铸造态A356铝合金抗拉强度的影响;对旋转速度、焊接速度和轴向力等工艺参数进行优化;从宏观和微观组织分析角度对焊接区的质量进行分析;对焊接接头的抗拉强度进行了测定,并对抗拉强度与焊缝区硬度和显微组织的相关性进行了研究。在旋转速度1000r/min、焊接速度75mm/min和轴向力5kN的条件下得到的焊接接头具有最高的抗拉强度。     

氧化物弥散强化材料的搅拌摩擦焊分析

为了探索搅拌摩擦焊技术应用于氧化物弥散强化材料的可焊接性及其基本特点,文中对厚度为4 mm的氧化物弥散强化铜合金进行了焊接试验,并对焊接接头的宏观形貌、微观组织、显微维氏硬度进行了分析. 发现焊接接头横截面由搅拌区、热力影响区、热影响区和母材区4部分组成. 前进侧热影响区与热力影响区形成明显的分界线,后退侧则相对模糊. 搅拌区的组织为细小的等轴晶粒,出现了洋葱环和L线,热力影响区晶粒沿一定方向发生形变,热影响区组织粗化. 沿焊缝横截面的显微维氏硬度呈V形分布,其中搅拌区硬度值最低.