插电式混合动力整车能量管理控制策略

针对插电式混合动力整车能量管理的经济性及动力性要求较高的问题,提出了插电式混合动力整车能量管理控制策略.设计了整车能量管理策略总体方案,分析了车辆行驶里程对插电式混合动力汽车燃油经济性的影响,同时还设计了行驶里程自适应的辅助能量管理控制策略.结果表明:该整车能量管理策略能够根据道路和车辆信息,合理地选择当前最合适的工作模式,可以更加合理地分配从电网充入的电能,提高整车的燃油经济性.     

ECVT型混合动力城市客车动力系统设计与验证

针对传统客车集成启动/发电机一体化(integrated starter/generator, ISG)混合动力系统节油效果不理想的问题,选用电控无极自动变速(electronic continuously variable transmission, ECVT)混合动力系统方案,在插电式混合动力城市客车上应用并验证。在单行星排运动学特性的等效杠杆分析基础上,对某插电式ECVT动力系统关键部件进行参数匹配与计算;根据标定试验数据,采用Matlab/Simulink软件建立发动机仿真模型、驱动电机仿真模型和发电机仿真模型,搭建整车仿真模型;在中国典型城市公交循环工况下,研究目标车型的燃油经济性、动力性、纯电最大续航特性,完成经济性、动力性等道路测试试验。结果表明,本研究设计的ECVT混合动力系统汽车相较于传统汽车节油率达到57.47%,相较于ISG混合动力系统汽车节油率提高了24.12%。因此,插电式混合动力城市客车采用ECVT混合动力系统方案是可行有效的,且节油效果明显。     

Optimum Driving System Design for Dual-Motor Pure Electric Vehicles

A pure electric vehicle driven by dual motors is taken as the research object and the driving scheme of the driving motor is improved to increase the transmission efficiency of existing electric vehicles. Based on the architecture of the transmission system, we propose vehicle performance parameters and performance indexes of a pure electric vehicle, a time-sharing driving strategy of dual motors. First, the parameters of the battery, motor, and transmission system are matched. Then, the electric vehicle transmission model is built in Amesim and the control strategy is designed in Simulink. With the optimization goal of improving the vehicle’s dynamic performance and driving range, the optimal parameters are determined through analysis. Finally, the characteristics of the motor are tested on the bench. The results show that the energy-saving potential of the time-sharing driven double motor is higher, and the driving mileage of the double motor drive is increased by 4%.     

A hybrid dynamic programming-rule based algorithm for real-time energy optimization of plug-in hybrid electric bus

The optimization of the control strategy of a plug-in hybrid electric bus(PHEB) for the repeatedly driven bus route is a key technique to improve the fuel economy. The widely used rule-based(RB) control strategy is lacking in the global optimization property, while the global optimization algorithms have an unacceptable computation complexity for real-time application. Therefore, a novel hybrid dynamic programming-rule based(DPRB) algorithm is brought forward to solve the global energy optimization problem in a real-time controller of PHEB. Firstly, a control grid is built up for a given typical city bus route, according to the station locations and discrete levels of battery state of charge(SOC). Moreover, the decision variables for the energy optimization at each point of the control grid might be deduced from an off-line dynamic programming(DP) with the historical running information of the driving cycle. Meanwhile, the genetic algorithm(GA) is adopted to replace the quantization process of DP permissible control set to reduce the computation burden. Secondly, with the optimized decision variables as control parameters according to the position and battery SOC of a PHEB, a RB control is used as an implementable controller for the energy management. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed DPRB might distribute electric energy more reasonably throughout the bus route, compared with the optimized RB. The proposed hybrid algorithm might give a practicable solution, which is a tradeoff between the applicability of RB and the global optimization property of DP.     

四轮驱动混合动力电动汽车牵引力控制仿真

设计了四轮驱动混合动力电动汽车的构型,并根据其驱动特性制定了牵引力控制方式和协调控制策略,最后运用Matlab/Simulink对附着系数左右分离的特殊路面进行起步与全负荷加速仿真。仿真结果表明,四轮驱动混合动力电动汽车在牵引力控制系统作用下,其驱动性能得到明显的改善,且各控制器亦能根据不同路面和行车工况进行适当调节,保证了四轮驱动混合动力电动汽车的起步加速性、通过性和车身稳定性。     

Design and Strategy of Series-Parallel Hybrid System Based on BSFC

In this paper, a drive control strategy is developed based on the characteristics of series-parallel plug-in hybrid system. Energy management strategies in various modes are established with the basis on the minimum brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) curve of engine. The control strategy, which is based on rules and system efficiency, is adopted to determine the entry/exit mechanisms of various modes according to battery state of charge (SOC), required power and required speed. The vehicle test results verify that the proposed control strategy can improve vehicle economy efficiently and makes a good effect on engine control.     

纯电动轿车传动系统匹配仿真与优化研究

纯电动轿车传动系统参数的合理匹配和优化设计对提高其动力性能和续航里程至关重要。以某款直接挡微型纯电动轿车为研究对象,根据其动力性能和续航要求,对动力传动系统的关键部件进行初步的设计匹配;用ADVISOR建立更适应微型纯电动轿车行驶道路情况的组合工况,在该组合工况下对车辆的动力性和续航里程进行仿真;在50 km/h的等速工况下对其续航里程进行仿真;为了提高续航里程,利用遗传算法对传动系传动比进行优化。仿真结果表明,优化后车辆的续航里程得到了明显提升,动力性也满足整车性能的要求。     

混合动力汽车技术概论

面对世界能源匮乏,油价高居不下,环境污染日趋严重的现实,环保型汽车成为社会关注的焦点,新能源汽车的开发和应用也就成了世界范围内的新课题和大趋势。本文主要概括性的介绍了混合动力汽车的分类、特点,为大家普及了混合动力汽车的知识。并结合实际,将混联式混合动力代表——丰田普锐斯、并联式混合动力代表——本田思域、以及串联式混合动力代表——江淮和悦的车型的技术路线、行驶模式一一作了详细的描述。     

Novel flexible hybrid electric system and adaptive online-optimal energy management controller for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles

In order to achieve the improvement of the driving comfort and energy efficiency, an new e-CVT flexible full hybrid electric system (E2FHS) is proposed, which uses an integrated main drive motor and generator to take the place of the original automatic or manual transmission to realize the functions of continuously variable transmission (e-CVT). The design and prototype realization of the E2FHS system for a plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHEV) is performed. In order to analyze and optimize the parameters and the power flux between different parts of the E2FHS, simulation software is developed. Especially, in order to optimize the performance of the energy economy improvement of the E2FHS, the effect of the different energy management controllers is investigated, and an adaptive online-optimal energy management controller for the E2FHS is built and validated by the prototype PHEV.     

并联混合动力汽车模糊控制能量管理策略研究

针对一款并联混合动力汽车,以提高整车燃油性和改善尾气排放为控制目标进行了能量管理策略研究。将混合动力系统整车需求转矩与当前转速下的发动机最优转矩差值（ΔT）、电池组荷电状态（SOC）作为模糊转矩控制器输入,发动机输出转矩作为控制器输出,设计了25条控制规则,基于ADVISOR仿真验证该策略的有效性和可行性。仿真研究表明,提出的能量管理策略提高了发动机工作效率,减少了燃油消耗和尾气排放,并能维持电池组的SOC在合理的范围内波动。     

插电式串联混合动力汽车的经济性与排放性

基于不同的循环工况（市区测试循环,新欧洲测试循环,特大市区测试循环,中国典型城市乘用车快速道路循环与普通道路循环）,利用CRUISE软件进行仿真计算,比较了插电式串联混合动力汽车与原型车的经济性和排放性,考查了串联PHEV的节油效果和减排效果。计算结果表明,在不同循环工况下,串联PHEV最低的百公里油耗仅为2.1L,比...     

并联混合动力汽车参数优化及仿真

利用ADVISOR软件进行二次开发,将原车型改成并联混合动力汽车,并设计动力系统各参数,对所匹配车辆的动力性及其在循环工况下的燃油经济性进行了仿真,并与原车型的燃油消耗进行了对比分析。实验结果表明,改装后的混合动力汽车燃油经济性有很大改善,废气排放量降低,汽车动力性能也得到提高。     

双行星排汽车纯电驱动模式的转矩分配策略

针对双电机纯电驱动模式的转矩分配问题,在分析双行星排插电式混合动力系统能量流动特性的基础上,设计主电机高效工作区间控制策略. 该策略利用双电机工作特性的差异达到高效工作区间互补的目的,并在双电机转矩耦合模式下保护主电机的工作效率. 为了解决传统模糊控制器控制精度不高的问题,设计双模糊控制器控制系统,结合所提出的电机工作区间划分方法实现电机工作区间的自适应调节与等效放大. 以驱动系统能量转化效率与电机转矩脉动系数为自变量构建适应度函数,基于遗传算法对系统的控制规则进行多目标寻优. 仿真结果表明,在2种控制策略中遗传算法-双模糊控制器控制策略的耗电量更低,系统综合效率分布情况接近动态规划（DP）经济性最优结果,对电机输出转矩波动情况的控制也更加合理. 将其应用于混合动力系统,车辆百公里综合油耗较主电机高效工作区间控制策略的降低3.27%.     

Variable Parameter Self-Adaptive Control Strategy Based on Driving Condition Identification for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Bus

A variable parameter self-adaptive control strategy based on driving condition identification is proposed to take full advantage of the fuel saving potential of the plug-in hybrid electric bus (PHEB). Firstly, the principal component analysis (PCA) and the fuzzy c-means clustering(FCM)algorithm is used to construct the comprehensive driving cycle, congestion driving cycle, urban driving cycle and suburban driving cycle of Chinese urban buses.Secondly, an improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm is proposed, and is used to optimize the control parameters of PHEB under different driving cycles, respectively. Then, the variable parameter self-adaptive control strategy based on driving condition identification is given.Finally, for an actual running vehicle, the driving condition is identified by relevance vector machine (RVM), and the corresponding control parameters are selected to control the vehicle. The simulation results show that the fuel consumption of using the variable parameter self-adaptive control strategy is reduced by 4.2% compared with that of the fixed parameter control strategy, and the feasibility of the variable parameter self-adaptive control strategy is verified.     

深度混合动力电动汽车牵引力控制方法

提出了基于深度混合动力电动汽车的牵引力分层控制方法。上层控制中提出了基于动态滑模的驱动轮目标驱动力矩制定策略;下层控制中提出了电机转矩单独控制策略、基于转矩动态协调的发动机电机协调控制策略以及工况识别逻辑。最后开发了仿真和硬件在环试验平台,结果表明,本文方法能够快速、准确、平稳地实现对打滑车轮的控制,改善了深度混合动力汽车的起步性能、加速性能以及稳定性能。     

Investigation on hierarchical control for driving stability and safety of intelligent HEV during car-following and lane-change process

The longitudinal and lateral coordinated control for autonomous vehicles is fundamental to achieve safe and comfortable driving performance. Aiming at this for hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) during the car-following (CF) and lane-change (LC) process while accelerating, a hierarchical control strategy for vehicle stability control is proposed. This new approach is different from the conventional hierarchical control. On the basis of model predictive control (MPC) theory, a two-layer MPC controller is designed at the top level of the control structure. The upper layer is a linear time-varying MPC (LTV-MPC), while the lower layer is a hybrid MPC (HMPC). For the LTV-MPC controller, a control-oriented linear discrete model for HEV is established, which integrates the dynamic model with three degrees of freedom (DOF) and the car-following model. The lower-layer HMPC controller is designed on the basis of the analysis for HEV hybrid characteristics and the modelling for the mixed logic dynamic (MLD) model of the HEV powertrain. As for the bottom level, a control plant including the HEV powertrain model and the 7 DOF nonlinear dynamics of the vehicle body is established. In addition, the system stability is proven. A deep fusion of vehicle dynamics control and energy management is achieved. Compared with LC-ACC control and conventional ACC control, the simulation and the hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) test results under different driving scenarios show that the proposed hierarchical control strategy can effectively maintain lateral stability and safety under severe driving conditions. Additionally, the HEV powertrain output torque and the gear-shift point are coordinated and controlled by the HMPC controller.

     

基于对角递归神经网络的汽车主动悬架控制

为了提高电动汽车行驶平顺性及操纵稳定性,针对电动汽车悬架进行振动分析,建立了七自由度汽车电动主动悬架模型,设计四轮全驱电动汽车电动主动悬架结构及其控制系统.重点针对电动汽车主动悬架特点设计对角递归神经网络(DRNN)控制器,选取车身垂向加速度、悬架动行程和轮胎动行程作为神经网络控制器输入,采用梯度下降法对神经网络权值进行在线调整.仿真结果表明,具有DRNN控制器的电动主动悬架控制效果较PID控制主动悬架和被动悬架有显著提高,有效改善了汽车行驶平顺性及操纵稳定性,也说明所设计的控制策略在电动汽车电动主动悬架控制方面的有效性.     

混合动力电动汽车的动力系统参数设计与仿真

针对混合动力电动汽车低油耗、低排放的优势,将原车型改装成并联混合动力汽车,并对其动力系统参数进行设计.基于汽车专用仿真软件ADVISOR,选用NEDC典型道路循环工况对所匹配车辆的动力性、燃油经济性及电池的荷电状态SOC等进行了仿真分析.仿真结果表明,改装后的混合动力汽车燃油经济性有较大改善,动力性能基本不变,实现了在...     

混合动力电动客车驱动系统控制策略及仿真

为改善公交客车的燃油经济性与车辆尾气排放,提出了一种并联式混合动力公交客车驱动系统方案及工作模式,针对两种运行工况,在满足车辆动力要求并保证发动机最高燃油效率的前提下,以实现蓄电池充放平衡为目标设计了该驱动系统的控制策略,应用以MATLAB为平台的ADVISOR 2002软件建立该驱动系统的仿真模型.仿真结果表明,其在动力性能、燃油经济性和排放指标三方面均优于传统内燃机动力客车,每百千米的节油率在2种典型循环中分别达到45.6%和33.5%.仿真模型和控制策略能满足混合动力公交客车驱动系统设计要求.     

Lateral stability region conservativeness estimation and torque distribution for FWIA electric vehicle steering

Estimation of the lateral stability region and torque distribution on steering is very important to improve stability in lateral handling for all wheel drive electric vehicles.Based on the built-nonlinear vehicle dynamic model,the lateral stability region of the vehicle related to steering is estimated using Lyapunov function.We obtained stable equilibrium points of non-straight driving according to the estimated lateral stability region and also reconstructed the Lyapunov function matrix,which proved that the closed-loop system composed of yaw rate and lateral velocity is satisfied with negative definite property.In addition,the designed controller dynamically allocates the drive torque in terms of the vertical load and slip rate of the four wheels.The simulation results show that the estimated lateral stability region and the designed controller are satisfactory in handling stability performance against different roads and vehicle parameters.