基于FPGA的动态自重构系统原理与实现

现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)提供了强大的可编程接口,支持灵活的现场可编程能力。动态可重构设计方法可以在尺寸、重量、功率和成本等方面优化传统的FPGA应用。目前控制、存储和接口组成的动态可重构实现系统,虽然可以实现对FPGA的动态可重构,但需要额外增加多个器件,反而使FPGA应用系统更加复杂。基于动态可重构原理,提出了一种动态自重构系统的原理和实现方法。该方法通过在静态逻辑中添加自重构模块,对自身可重构分区进行功能修改,从而实现对自身的动态重构。设计了两种LED灯的闪烁方式模块,实验结果证明:通过自重构技术,可以实现这两种闪烁方式的切换,证明了自重构技术的可行性。     

基于流水线技术的可重构体系结构的研究与设计

目前,FPGA动态可重构技术大部分基于常规的SRAM FPGA平台,其主要的应用还停留在静态系统重构.真正意义上的动态重构系统由于其功能的连续性会受到重构时隙的影响,还处于研究阶段.重构时隙是实现动态重构系统的瓶颈问题.利用流水线技术和可重构技术,提出了一种动态可重构体系结构;采用AES算法对其进行仿真验证.结果表明,该结构有效地解决了动态重构系统中的重构时隙问题,可很好地应用到高速可重构体系结构设计中.     

一种新的图像处理系统的研究

针对当前图像处理系统存在的处理性能和系统灵活性等问题,提出了一种采用可重构技术和图像并行处理技术实现的图像处理系统。研究了动态可重构技术理论及可重构系统的特点,并且研究了图像并行处理系统的设计及算法实现的方法,分析了目前图像处理系统中存在的问题,利用FPGA(Field)可以多次重复配置的特性,设计了可重构图像并行处理系统。同时,在研究了分布式算法的基础上,实现了图像处理算法。设计了采用多IP核实现图像并行处理系统。系统可以根据计算任务的不同,并同时考虑到并行处理系统负载平衡性,设置不同的计算节点数量,达到了既能够满足系统的需求,又可以节约硬件成本的效果。通过实验,验证了系统的可行性。     

动态可重构技术浅述

动态可重构技术可以利用可重配置硬件的灵活性,使可重配置硬件不同时刻完成不同的功能.分析表明,通过对可重配置硬件的复用进而扩大硬件的等效规模,可以节省硬件资源的面积、输入/输出管脚和系统的功耗等.研究了动态可重构技术包含的内容,讨论了动态可重构系统设计过程中需要考虑的问题并描述了其发展趋势.     

基于可重构SOC平台的嵌入式MPEG2解码器设计

利用FPGA的可重构特点,建立一个可重构的SOC设计平台.该平台第一层为可重构的FPGA,第二层为利用FPGA资源搭建的LEON2 SOC系统,由RISC处理器软核、AMBA总线以及IP模块结构组成,第三层是应用层,在SOC系统的基础上实现各种应用.为了实现这个目标,SOC系统中的IP模块应该具有两个特点:即插即用和参数化.基于该平台,成功实现了嵌入式MPEG2视频解码器的不同应用.证明了可重构的设计平台能够满足不同的应用需求.     

支持软硬件透明编程的可重构资源管理器的实现

设计并实现了一种支持可重构软硬件透明编程的操作系统资源管理器,它通过系统调用封装了底层硬件细节,让程序设计者以透明的方式开发应用程序.实验表明可以减少硬件函数的配置等待时间,提高软硬资源利用率和系统性能.     

应用于视频处理的可重构流处理器的设计与实现

设计了一款新的应用于多媒体处理领域的可重构多媒体流处理器.该可重构多媒体流处理器采用并行处理机制,在经过算法映射后,可以充分利用多媒体算法的高并行度,同时实时处理不同的多媒体算法.该架构在Xilinx的Virtex4芯片上通过验证,并与ARM9处理器共同构成嵌入式多媒体处理平台,验证处理H.264和AVS的解码过程.     

可重构计算及可重构编译技术研究

可重构计算是未来高性能计算的发展趋势,它兼具了通用计算的灵活性和专用计算的高效性,充分利用系统资源的同时,又能发挥应用程序的效率。可重构编译是推广可重构计算的关键技术,可重构编译系统能够为传统的软件编程人员提供一个体系结构透明的开发平台,并让用户真正灵活利用可重构计算平台。     

基于FPGA的动态可重构系统设计与实现

近年来,随着计算机技术的发展,尤其是现场可编程门阵列FPGA的出现,使实时电路重构成为研究热点.基于FPGA的重构系统具有自适应、自主修复特性,在空间应用中具有非常重要的作用.介绍FPGA可重构技术的分类以及动态可重构技术的原理,并在此基础之上选取Virtex-4系列FPGA给出一种动态重构的应用以及具体实现,即通过微处理器(ARM)结合多个FPGA,并采用一种新的边界扫描链方法对多个FPGA进行配置,从而实现局部动态可重构.这种实现方法具有较强通用性和适于模块化设计等优点.     

用户可重构系统芯片-U-SoC

随着深亚微米技术(DSM)的不断发展,完全专用的系统芯片(SoC)已经面临新的问题和挑战.本文在研究硅技术发展趋势、硅产品特征循环规律以及硅产业结构演变规律的基础上,提出了一种具有一定“通用“性的用户可重构系统芯片(UserreconfigurableSoC,简称U-SoC),它通过用户重构功能降低新产品的开发成本,缩短上市周期,提高设计效率,从而增强了SoC的适应性和灵活性.研究U-SoC设计方法,对于加速我国微电子产业的发展进程,实现跨越式发展有重要作用.     

Entropy thresholding and its parallel algorithm on thereconfigurable array of processors with wider bus networks

Thresholding is the most commonly used technique in image segmentation. We first propose an efficient sequential algorithm to improve the relative entropy-based thresholding technique. This algorithm combines the concepts of the relative entropy with that of the local entropy and also includes the quadtree hierarchical structure in it. Second, we derive a constant time parallel algorithm to solve this problem on the reconfigurable array of processors with wider bus networks (RAPWBN). The system bus bandwidth determines the capacity of data communication between processors. According to the results as shown by Li and Maresca (1989) and by Maresca and Li (1989), we know that the silicon area used by the switching control mechanism is far less than that used by the processor. Instead of increasing the number of processors, we extend the number of buses to increase the power of a parallel processing system. Such a strategy of utilizing the reconfigurable array of processors with wider bus networks not only has the advantage of saving silicon area but also increases the system power enormously. So, we use the RAPWBN to solve the entropy-based thresholding problem.     

基于高速串行总线的可重构信号处理机

介绍了一种基于高速串行总线的机载火控雷达可重构信号处理机的设计与实现,以及高速串行总线的技术优势,分析了机载火控雷达可重构并行信号处理机系统互连的需求,讨论了处理机的系统架构、串行总线协议、串行总线端点和链路管理器的设计实现和总线错误监测及处理方法。该处理机不仅有效解决了数据传输的瓶颈问题,而且实现了数据传输拓扑结构的可重构,提高了信号处理系统的灵活性和可靠性。     

UM-BUS总线及接入式体系结构

本文针对航天航空等领域综合电子系统在小型化、一体化设计及信息综合利用等方面的需求,提出一种可动态重构的高速串行通信总线(UM-BUS),采用N(≤32)通道并发传输,通信速率可达6.4Gbps,采用总线型拓扑结构,最大通信距离40m,支持最多30个节点直接互连,具有远程存储访问能力,采用命令应答式协议提供QoS与实时性保证;通过并发通道相互冗余与动态重构,在允许50%性能降低的情况下,能够对N/2通道故障动态容错.在UM-BUS总线基础上,本文提出一种新型的"接入式"体系结构模型,在不改变系统逻辑结构的前提下,能够突破机箱结构限制,将逻辑功能分散嵌入到控制测量对象内部,实现功能模块"接入即用",使得综合电子系统一体化设计成为可能.     

A 2-D motion detection model for low-cost embedded reconfigurable I/O devices

A low-cost reconfigurable embedded apparatus for two-dimensional (2-D) motion detection has been developed. This paper briefly outlines the embedded reconfigurable system architecture, and presents in-depth the 2-D motion detection model, which is directly mapped to reconfigurable hardware. Emphasis is placed on the hardware ability to adapt to individual needs of kinetically challenged persons by altering detection thresholds and delays, thus resulting into an efficient low-cost reconfigurable hardware implementation of the model. This paper also presents how the model detects complex motions through a vocabulary of simple motions, and how the system is trained to individual users' needs. Experimental results and integrated applications of the model for text processing are also presented.     

Reconfigurable Hardware for High-Security/ High-Performance Embedded Systems: The SAFES Perspective

Embedded systems present significant security challenges due to their limited resources and power constraints. This paper focuses on the issues of building secure embedded systems on reconfigurable hardware and proposes a security architecture for embedded systems (SAFES). SAFES leverages the capabilities of reconfigurable hardware to provide efficient and flexible architectural support for security standards and defenses against a range of hardware attacks. The SAFES architecture is based on three main ideas: (1) reconfigurable security primitives; (2) reconfigurable hardware monitors; and (3) a hierarchy of security controllers at the primitive, system and executive level. Results are presented for reconfigurable AES and RC6 security primitives and highlight the value of such an architecture. This paper also emphasizes that reconfigurable hardware is not just a technology for hardware accelerators dedicated to security primitives as has been focused on by most studies but a real solution to provide high-security and high-performance for a system.     

基于CPCI总线的动态可重构系统

本文提出了一种基于CPCI总线和可编程片上系统的动态可重构系统平台,深入研究了软硬件动态可重构设计思想,开发了基于CPCI总线的软硬件动态可重构系统原理样机,指出了动态可重构目标系统的良好应用前景。     

A design flow for speeding-up dsp applications in heterogeneous reconfigurable systems

In this paper, we propose a method for speeding-up Digital Signal Processing applications by partitioning them between the reconfigurable hardware blocks of different granularity and mapping critical parts of applications on coarse-grain reconfigurable hardware. The reconfigurable hardware blocks are embedded in a heterogeneous reconfigurable system architecture. The fine-grain part is implemented by an embedded FPGA unit, while for the coarse-grain reconfigurable hardware our developed high-performance coarse-grain data-path is used. The design flow mainly consists of three steps; the analysis procedure, the mapping onto coarse-grain blocks, and the mapping onto the fine-grain hardware. In this work, the methodology is validated using five real-life applications; an OFDM transmitter, a medical imaging technique, a wavelet-based image compressor, a video compression scheme and a JPEG encoder. The experimental results show that the speedup, relative to an all-FPGA solution, ranges from 1.55 to 4.17 for the considered applications.     

Optical fiber interconnection for the scalable parallel computingsystem

In this paper, we discuss the optical fiber interconnection technologies applied in the two types of parallel processing systems: 1) a backplane interconnection in a parallel processor array system and 2) a computing cluster network. We have set up a parallel processor array system using optical fiber to make point-to-point interconnection between processor elements and are developing a low-cost virtual parallel optical fiber interconnection link (VPOFLink) complying with peripheral component interconnect (PCI) local bus specifications for the computing cluster. VPOFLink is integrated with the popular PCI bus interface in order to make the link hold the same bandwidth as that of the PCI bus. It was fabricated as an available peripheral device that can been inserted into the bus slots of commercial computers directly and can operate under the control of PCI bus. Also in this paper, we demonstrate the optical fiber link for a ring network and the architecture of the ring network     

Towards SoC Validation Through Prototyping: A Systematic Approach Based on Reconfigurable Platform

Hardware/software covalidation is becoming one of the most critical issues in current System-on-Chip (SoC) design. Nowadays, covalidation is usually performed by cosimulation which is slow and lacks accuracy. The other alternative is to build a hardware prototype specific to the application. However, this alternative is expensive in terms of time, man-power, and cost. As SoCs increase in complexity, validation becomes more and more difficult, time consuming and error prone. Thus, a new approach for covalidation is inescapable. In this paper, we present a novel efficient prototyping approach for complex SoC covalidation. The proposed approach enables systematic prototyping of embedded applications on a reconfigurable platform. The process starts from the RT level model of the application. The application and the reconfigurable platform have to be adapted to obtain the prototype. We decompose the prototyping process into four steps, in order to match the application and the platform. Besides, we propose adapted solutions to deal with constraints typically encountered in existing reconfigurable platforms. The main advantages of this method are: fast and accurate validation, systematic prototyping flow, and large application field. Prototyping of a subset of VDSL using the ARM Integrator platform illustrates the effectiveness of our approach.     

A method for partitioning applications in hybrid reconfigurable architectures

In this paper, we propose a methodology for accelerating application segments by partitioning them between reconfigurable hardware blocks of different granularity. Critical parts are speeded-up on the coarse-grain reconfigurable hardware for meeting the timing requirements of application code mapped on the reconfigurable logic. The reconfigurable processing units are embedded in a generic hybrid system architecture which can model a large number of existing heterogeneous reconfigurable platforms. The fine-grain reconfigurable logic is realized by an FPGA unit, while the coarse-grain reconfigurable hardware by our developed high-performance data-path. The methodology mainly consists of three stages; the analysis, the mapping of the application parts onto fine and coarse-grain reconfigurable hardware, and the partitioning engine. A prototype software framework realizes the partitioning flow. In this work, the methodology is validated using five real-life applications. Analytical partitioning experiments show that the speedup relative to the all-FPGA mapping solution ranges from 1.5 to 4.0, while the specified timing constraints are satisfied for all the applications.