大变形冷轧Fe-6.5%（质量）Si高硅钢薄板组织性能的研究

Fe-6.5%（质量）Si合金具有优异的软磁性能,有着良好的发展前景。但由于该合金中有序相的出现,人们难以用普通轧制的方法得到该合金的薄板。本文利用热轧,温轧,冷轧方法,结合相关的热处理手段,得到该合金0.05 mm薄板。通过在不同温度下热处理,利用光学显微镜,扫描电镜,X射线仪,拉伸机,显微硬度仪,研究该薄板组织结构和力学性能的变化。利用磁滞回线仪研究薄板热处理前后直流磁性能的变化。通过研究发现,0.05mm轧态薄板具有一定的塑性,断裂强度高达1.93 GPa。热处理使薄板硬度降低,塑性降低,特别是在650℃以上,材料发生了再结晶后,变化尤为明显。究其原因是有序相B2向DO3的转变及〈001〉面织构的消失。     

快速凝固Al—Ti—Fe系合金的组织演化

采用单辊旋铸技术制备Al-2.5Ti-2.5Fe,Al2.5Ti-2.5Fe-2.5V和Al-2.5Ti-2.5Fe-2.5Cr(at%，下同）合金薄带，利用X射线衍射（XRD）和透射电镜（TEM）分析了这些合金的急冷态和退火态组织。结果表明：快速凝固Al-2.5Ti-2.5Fe合金急冷态组织中存在Al3Ti和Al5Ti2两种初生相，快凝合金经400℃退火10h后，组织中出现了Al13Fe4相，在450℃退火，组织中析出了弥散Al3Ti相；快速凝固Al-2.5Ti-2.5Fe-2.5V合金急冷态组织中存在Al11V相和Al80V20相，400℃退火10h后，初生Al11V相转变为Al80V20相，且固溶在α-Al基体中的Ti,Fe以Al23Ti9相和Al13Fe4相的形式析出；快速凝固Al-2.5Ti-2.5Fe-2.5Cr合金急冷态组织中存在Al3Ti和Al13Cr2两种初生相，快凝合金经300℃退火10h后，组织中析出了Al13Cr2和Al3Ti两种弥散相，400℃退火10h时后组织中出现了Al13Fe4相。     

一种Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金的铸态组织研究

采用金相显微镜（OM）及扫描电子显微镜（SEM），研究了Al-0．44Mg—1．15Si-0．32Cu-0．11Fe-0．11Cr-0．07Mn合金的铸态、均匀化组织，并对合金在凝固过程及均匀化退火后形成的相进行了分析。结果表明：合金的铸态组织中主要存在α—Al、Mg2Si、Si、β-Al5FeSi、α-Al（MnCr）FeSi、CuAl2和Al5Cu2Mg8Si6（Q）等相。均匀化退火后，Mg2Si、CuAl2和Q相消失，Si相聚集分布在晶界处。同时针状的β-Al5FeSi转变为颗粒状α-Al（MnCr）FeSi相，材料的组织得到改善。     

固体渗硅制备的Fe-6.5 mass％Si合金的组织演变与磁性能

对3 mass％冷轧硅钢板材进行固体渗硅和扩散退火处理,采用扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪等研究了其组织、物相和板材厚度方向Si成分的演变,并对其在不同频率下的铁损进行分析.结果表明:经过850℃的固体渗硅后,可在板材上制备出致密的化合物层,化合物层由表面的FeSi相层和邻近的Fe3Si相层构成;随着渗硅时间的增加,FeSi相层厚度不变,Fe3Si相层厚度增加;当板材心部完全形成Fe3Si相后,FeSi相层厚度开始增大.在扩散退火过程中,板材表面化合物层中Si向心部扩散,最终形成Si沿厚度方向均匀分布的、由单一α-Fe相构成的Fe-6.5 mass％Si合金.在较低的频率(1000 Hz)下,Fe-6.5 mass％Si合金的铁损高于3 mass％硅钢;在中等频率下(1000～20000 Hz),二者铁损接近;在较高的频率下(＞20000 Hz),Fe-6.5 mass％Si合金的铁损小于3 mass％硅钢,频率越高差异越大.     

Mg-3Li-1Ce合金的组织与力学性能

通过微合金化法制备了Mg-3Li-1Ce合金,研究轧制态和不同退火态下合金的微观组织和力学性能。结果表明,Mg-3Li-1Ce合金中弥散分布在晶粒内部的点状或者球状析出相为Mg12Ce相。经350℃退火1 h后,合金具有良好的强度与塑性。     

热轧和退火对Au-20Sn合金箔材组织和性能的影响

采用热轧方法制备了Au-20Sn合金箔材,研究轧制和退火处理对合金箔材微观组织和硬度的影响。结果表明,铸态Au-20Sn合金组织由枝晶状Au5Sn初生相及交替生长形成的片层状共晶组织组成。铸态合金经热轧后发生了动态再结晶,粗大的片层状共晶组织转变为沿轧制方向拉长的两相组织。经退火处理,合金热轧组织逐渐转变为均匀的等轴状。随退火时间和退火温度的增加,合金硬度逐渐降低。经合适条件退火,能够提高箔材变形性能,避免冲压焊片过程中产生边部的裂纹缺陷。     

轧制及退火后Al_(0.3)CoCrFeNi高熵合金的组织和力学性能

利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、电子背散射衍射、透射电镜以及拉伸实验,研究了FCC结构Al_(0.3)CoCrFeNi高熵合金经90%压下量轧制及退火后的组织和力学性能。结果表明:经轧制及退火(600~1000℃)后,合金发生再结晶,富集Al、Ni原子的有序BCC相优先形成于再结晶FCC相的晶界处,且其体积分数随着退火温度上升先增大后减小。轧制显著强化该合金,随后600℃退火可实现不牺牲均匀塑性而进一步强化该合金的目的,升高退火温度则引起该合金强度下降,塑性增大。经800℃退火后合金表现出较为理想的强度-塑性匹配,其均匀伸长率为34.1%,且抗拉强度可高达935MPa,约是铸态合金(303MPa)的3倍,这主要归结于再结晶组织细化及有序BCC相的析出强化。     

均匀化退火处理对AZ91镁合金热轧变形组织与力学性能的影响

为改善铸态AZ91镁合金组织不均匀性,提高其轧制成型能力,研究了均匀化退火处理对AZ91镁合金轧制变形前后微观组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明:均匀化退火处理可以有效改善合金组织中第二相分布;经400℃、多道次轧制后,沿晶界分布的细长条状Mg_(17)Al_(12)相数量显著减少,部分脆性Mg_(17)Al_(12)相发生断裂,以小颗粒状弥散分布于晶界附近和基体内部。均匀化后轧制合金比铸态轧制合金强度略有提高,而伸长率提高达50%。轧制后合金的拉伸断口形貌也显示合金塑性得到明显改善。     

一种Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Mn合金铸态及均匀化退火组织研究

采用金相显微镜(OM)及能谱仪(EDS),研究了Al-0.9Mg-0.9Si-0.6Cu-0.6Mn合金的铸态及其均匀化后的组织,并对合金的铸态组织及均匀化退火过程中相的演化进行了分析.结果表明:合金的铸态组织中存在大量的网状化合物和球状析出物,分别是α-Al+Ai(MnFe)3Si2的共品体和富铜相.均匀化退火过程中,随均匀化退火温度的升高,网状结构α-Al+Al(MnFe)3Si2的共晶体逐渐变成球状细小颗粒Al(MnFe)3Si2相,材料的微观组织得到改善.经560℃×6 h退火,均匀化过程基本完成,品粒未发生明显的粗化.     

CuNiMnSi合金的热加工性能研究

研究了CuNiMnSi合金的微观组织、相结构及合金的热加工性能.结果表明.该合金在晶界及晶内都有第二相析出,呈弥散分布状态,在晶界周围聚集,而晶内比较稀散.第二相主要为Ni3Si相,还有少量Ni_(31)Si_(12)相.合金存在600～700℃中温脆性区,轧制成形受轧制温度、道次加工量等因素影响较大.     

Formation of columnar-grained structures in directionally solidified Fe-6.5wt.%Si alloy

Fe-6.5wt.%Si high silicon steel has superior magnetic properties such as high permeability and low core loss. However, such high Si content results in room-temperature embrittlement and poor workability due to the formation of the ordered intermetallic phases in the Fe-6.5wt.%Si alloy. The thin sheet production of this alloy with high silicon contents by mechanical deformation is very difficult due to its extreme brittleness. Zone Melting Liquid Metal Cooling (ZMLMC) directional solidification technique was employed to produce the Fe-6.5wt.%Si alloy with columnar-grained structures.     

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 Fe-6.5Si高硅钢是一种具有高磁导率、低矫顽力和低铁损等优异性能的软磁材料。但有序相B2和D03,尤其是D03相的出现会使高硅钢的硬度和脆性急剧升高,并对薄板的轧制加工产生非常不利的影响。由于该合金中同时存在A2、B2和D03三相,且X射线衍射峰大量重叠,给D03相的定量分析带来困难。采用直接比较法定量分析D03相的体积分数,结果表明,h+k+l为偶数时A2与B2相{hkl}晶面衍射的结构因子相同。若将A2与B2合并成一相处理,适当调整X射线衍射直接比较法的关系式,进而对D03相的特征衍射峰与三相重叠的衍射峰进行直接比较,即可计算出D03相的体积分数。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-5.5Fe-1.1V-0.6Si alloy solidified under near-rapid cooling and with Ce addition

Al-Fe-V-Si alloys were developed for use at elevated temperature and usually produced through a rapid solidification-powder metallurgy route. In this work, effort was made to produce the material via casting route. The studied alloys were cast under the condition of near-rapid cooling. The influence of Ce addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of near-rapid solidified alloys were investigated. The results indicate that the as-cast microstructure of Al-5.5 Fe-1.1 V-0.6 Si alloy is significantly refined when the alloy was solidified under nearrapid cooling. Adding Ce results in the further refinement of intermetallic compound and the formation of an Al-V-Ce phase which replaces the primary phase Al_(13)(Fe,V)_3 Si. The mechanical properties of the alloy are significantly improved by Ce addition: More than 70% increase in tensile strength and elongation is achieved by adding 1.00 wt% Ce to the alloy. It is concluded that near-rapid cooling and Ce addition are effective in improving mechanical properties of cast Al-5.5 Fe-1.1 V-0.6 Si alloy.     

原位TiC颗粒对喷射成形Al-Fe-V-Si合金组织和性能影响

通过扫描电镜和透射电镜分析研究了原位反应生成的TiC颗粒对喷射成形态及挤压态的Al-8.5Fe-1.4V-1.7Si合金显微组织的影响,并对合金的力学性能进行了测试。结果表明,原位反应生成的TiC颗粒均匀地分布在合金基体中并细化了基体合金的晶粒,提高了合金的高温组织稳定性;喷射成形Al-8.5Fe-1.4V-1.7Si 3.0TiC合金挤压态的室温和高温强度明显高于喷射成形Al-8.5Fe-1.4V-1.7Si合金挤压态的强度,而且塑性也有明显的提高。     

硅含量对Fe-Cr基减振合金微观组织和内耗性能的影响

制备了含硅量分别为0%、0.2%、0.5%、0.9%和1.2%的5种Fe-12.8Cr合金,并研究了这5种合金在淬火状态下的微观组织特征和阻尼性能,解释了硅含量对Fe-Cr合金阻尼性能的影响。研究结果表明,当含硅量为0.6%左右时,Fe-12.8Cr减振合金具有适当的晶粒尺寸,阻尼性能最好。     

热处理工艺对Fe-12Mn-xNi-4C-3.5Si铸铁组织与性能的影响

熔炼出3种不同镍含量的Fe-12Mn-xNi-4C-3.5Si(x=5%,10%,15%)系合金铸铁,研究了不同的热处理工艺对合金组织和性能的影响.结果表明,合金中碳元素的石墨化倾向随着Ni含量增加而增大;经高温退火处理后,合金组织由奥氏体基体、石墨及少量点状碳化物组成;合金中Ni含量越高,碳化物在高温下越容易分解.淬火处理后由于获得了单一奥氏体基体,合金的冲击韧度和抗弯强度均有较大提高,Ni含量越高韧性提高越显著,经900 ℃、8 h保温后淬火的Fe-12Mn-15Ni-4C-3.5Si合金,在三点弯曲试验中可弯成120°不裂,冲击韧度提高至50.2 J·cm~(-2),淬火后由于碳化物被消除,合金的硬度下降,磨损率增大.     

Characterization of Microstructure and Texture in Grain-Oriented High Silicon Steel by Strip Casting

Grain-oriented 4.5 wt% Si and 6.5 wt% Si steels were produced by strip casting, warm rolling, cold rolling, primary annealing, and secondary annealing. Goss grains were sufficiently developed and covered the entire surface of the secondary recrystallized sheets. The microstructure and texture was characterized by OM, EBSD, TEM, and XRD. It was observed that after rolling at 700 °C, the 6.5 wt% Si steel exhibited a considerable degree of shear bands, whereas the 4.5 wt% Si steel indicated their rare presence. After primary annealing, completely equiaxed grains showing strong γ-fiber texture were presented in both alloys. By comparison, the 6.5 wt% Si steel showed smaller grain size and few favorable Goss grains. Additionally, a higher density of fine precipitates were exhibited in the 6.5 wt% Si steel, leading to a ~30-s delay in primary recrystallization. During secondary annealing, abnormal grain growth of the 6.5 wt% Si steel occurred at higher temperature compared to the 4.5 wt% Si steel, and the final grain size of the 6.5 wt% Si steel was greater. The magnetic induction B ₈ of the 4.5 wt% Si and the 6.5 wt% Si steels was 1.75 and 1.76 T, respectively, and the high-frequency core losses were significantly improved in comparison with the non-oriented high silicon steel.     

High temperature deformation behavior and mechanism of spray deposited A1-Fe-V-Si alloy

Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si alloy was prepared by spray deposition and hot extrusion. The high temperature plastic deformation behavior of the spray deposited A1-8.SFe-1.3V-1.7Si alloy was investigated in the strain rate range of 2.77× 10^4-2.77×10^-2 s^-1 and temperature range of 350-550℃ by Gleebe-1500 thermomechanical simulator. The mechanism of the high temperature plastic deformation of the alloys was studied by TEM associated with the analysis of Rosler-Artz physical constitutive relationship based on the model of dislocation detaching from dispersion particles. The results show that A1-Fe-V-Si alloy has low strain hardening coefficient, and even exhibits work softening. Stress exponent n and activation energy Ω were calculated based on Zener-Hollomon relation and Rosler-Artz physical model respectively. The Rosler-Artz physical model can give a good prediction for the abnormal behavior of high temperature deformation of spray deposited A1-Fe-V-Si alloy, that is, n larger than 8 and Ω higher than 142 kJ/mol. However, because of the highly refined microstructure, the high temperature deformation behavior of spray deposited Al-Fe-V-Si alloy deviates more or less from the law predicted by using Rosler-Artz physical     

混合稀土对Mg-5Al-1Si组织及性能的影响

研究了不同组分含量的混合稀土对Mg-5Al-1Si合金高温蠕变性能的影响，对析出相进行了鉴定。研究结果表明，分别加入富镧及富铈混合稀土以后，合金中Mg2Si相得到细化；力学性能检测结果表明，室温及150℃拉伸性能均明显提高。同时，在微量混合稀土及Mg2Si相的综合作用下，含不同混合稀土的Mg-5Al-1Si合金的抗高温蠕变性能均超过AE42。