丙烯酸正丁酯-正丁醇-水体系汽-液、液-液相平衡研究

测定了丙烯酸正丁酯-水、正丁醇-水二元系在常压下的液-液平衡数据及200×1.333×10~2Pa下的丙烯酸正丁酯-正丁醇二元系和丙烯酸正丁酯-正丁醇-水三元系的汽-液平衡数据。由测定的三对二元数据求取了NRTL常数,并与三元实验数据进行拟合,计算值与实验值符合良好,从而使液-液平衡与汽-液平衡得到了统一的关联。     

苯—正丙醇—氯化锂体系汽液平衡

本文报导了在760×1.333×10~2Pa压力下溶有不同浓度氯化锂的苯-正丙醇体系汽液平衡的实验数据。以拟二元体系处理溶盐三元体系,并用Herington方法对无盐及溶盐体系的实验数据作了热力学校验。用Van Laar方程关联溶盐体系,得到了较满意的结果。     

正戊醇、正己醇与二甘醇二元体系汽液相平衡测定

以双循环平衡釜测定了120×1.333×10~2Pa下正戊醇-二甘醇和正己醇-二甘醇二元体系的汽液相平衡组成,数据用微分法检验其热力学一致性,并以常用活度系数方程作了关联。     

α-蒎烯+β-蒎烯+对伞花烃的减压汽液平衡

用Dvorak-Boublik双循环汽液平衡釜测定了三元体系α-蒎烯(1)+β-蒎烯(2)+对伞花烃(3)在53.3和80.0 k Pa下的汽液平衡数据,采用Mc Dermott-Ellis对三元体系的实验数据进行热力学一致性检验,所有数据均通过一致性检验。采用相关二元体系的NRTL模型参数预测α-蒎烯+β-蒎烯+对伞花烃三元体系在53.3和80.0 k Pa下的汽液平衡数据。结果表明:三元体系在两个压力下平衡温度的最大绝对偏差分别是0.80和0.86 K,平均绝对偏差分别为0.30和0.39 K。该体系在53.3 k Pa下α-蒎烯和β-蒎烯在汽相中的最大绝对偏差分别为0.0096和0.0102,平均绝对偏差分别为0.0033和0.0028;在80.0 k Pa下α-蒎烯和β-蒎烯在汽相中的最大绝对偏差分别为0.0083和0.0081,平均绝对偏差为0.0049和0.0025。实验结果为松节油体系主要成分的分离提纯提供了基础数据。     

苯-噻吩-二甲基亚砜体系等压汽液相平衡研究

采用汽液双循环相平衡仪测定了101.33 k Pa下苯-噻吩、苯-二甲基亚砜及苯-噻吩-二甲基亚砜的等压汽液相平衡数据。两组二元体系实验数据均通过了Herington面积法的热力学一致性检验,分别采用NRTL和UNIQUAC活度系数模型对二元体系实验数据进行热力学关联,得到了相应的模型参数,温度偏差和汽相组成偏差,关联结果表明两种模型均能较好的关联实验数据,其中UNIQUAC模型的关联结果稍优于NRTL。利用二元体系UNIQUAC模型参数预测三元体系汽液平衡数据,预测值与实验值相比,平均温度偏差1.37 K,汽相各组分平均绝对偏差均在3%以内,获得了较优的预测结果,从而为工业上苯-噻吩萃取精馏分离过程提供可靠的热力学基础数据。     

常压下环氧环己烷-环己酮-环己醇三元系汽液平衡

H2O2氧化环己烯制备环氧环己烷时有环己酮、环己醇等很多副产物产生。为了获得较纯的环氧环己烷需采用精馏进行分离,精馏提纯需要相关体系的汽液平衡数据,因此采用改进的EC-2汽液平衡釜测定常压(101.33 k Pa)下环己酮-环己醇二元体系和环氧环己烷-环己酮-环己醇三元体系汽液平衡数据。利用二元系汽液平衡数据拟合得到的Wilson方程配偶参数预测该三元体系的汽液平衡数据,并以汽相组成的误差平方和作为目标函数,用Wilson方程关联实验数据,结果表明预测值及关联值与实验值偏差较小,可满足工程上分离设计的需要。     

101.3kPa下异丙醇-异丁醇-正丁醇汽液平衡的测定与关联

用改进的Rose釜测定了101.3 kPa下异丙醇-异丁醇、异丙醇-正丁醇、异丁醇-正丁醇3个二元体系及异丙醇-异丁醇-正丁醇1个三元体系的汽液平衡数据。3组两元汽液平衡数据均通过了Herington热力学一致性检验,三元汽液平衡数据也通过了McDermett-Ellis热力学一致性检验。分别用Wilson、NRTL和UNIQUAC方程对二元汽液平衡数据进行了关联,得到了相应的模型参数及关联偏差。对于3个二元体系而言,Wilson和UNIQUAC模型方程比NRTL模型方程的关联效果好。最后运用关联得到的Wilson二元交互作用参数预测了三元体系的汽液平衡数据,平衡温度的平均绝对偏差为0.52℃,异丙醇的汽相摩尔组成平均绝对偏差为0.0057,异丁醇的汽相摩尔组成平均绝对偏差为0.0048,实验值与预测值基本吻合。     

沸点分析法在二元和三元体系汽液平衡测定中的应用

本文用沸点分析法测定了101.325kPa压力下,苯-甲苯二元体系和苯-甲苯-四氯化碳三元体系的汽液平衡数据。为了获得该三元体系的推算结果,同时又测定了苯-四氯化碳和甲苯-四氯化碳两组二元体系的汽液平衡数据,所有二元体系的汽液平衡数据用NRTL方程进行了热力学关联,并用获得的二元参数对三元体系的汽液平衡进行了预测,预测结果和实验结果符合良好。     

叔丁醇-异丙醇-水汽液平衡数据的测定及关联

采用单级循环汽液平衡釜测定常压下叔丁醇、异丙醇和水体系中的二元和三元的汽液平衡数据,并对其进行微分检验法热力学一致性校验;分别以WILSON,NRTL,UNIQUAC方程为相平衡模型,采用最小方差法对二元体系数据进行关联,确定模型参数;采用3对二元体系模型参数对三元体系的汽液平衡数据进行关联,比较汽液平衡数据的测定值与计算值,确定适宜的相平衡模型。文中为萃取精馏分离叔丁醇、异丙醇和水的混合液提供基础数据。     

常压下丙酮-异丙醇-水体系汽液平衡测定与关联

采用单级循环汽液平衡装置测定了常压下丙酮-异丙醇-水体系中丙酮-异丙醇、丙酮-水、异丙醇-水二元及丙酮-异丙醇-水三元体系的汽液平衡数据,采用Herington方法对二元汽液平衡数据进行热力学一致性检验。分别以Wilson,NRTL及UNIQUAC为相平衡模型,采用最小方差法对二元汽液平衡数据进行关联,由关联的3对二元体系模型参数计算三元体系的汽液平衡数据,并与实验值进行比较。结果表明:计算值与实验值的相对偏差均≤5%,说明实验值与计算值一致,其中UNIQUAC模型误差较小。该结果为丙酮-异丙醇-水混合物的分离提供了一定基础数据。     

测定汽液平衡的新方法——偶合法和双斜式沸点仪

本文提出一种不依赖组成分析测定二元汽液平衡数据的新方法。该法用沸点计法测定泡点线,用双斜式沸点仪测定露点和泡点温度,并通过泡点线确定露点组成从而得到露点线。 本工作还设计了适用于该方法的双斜式沸点仪。为验证方法和考核仪器,与斜式沸点仪测定的泡点线结合,测定了一套完整的常压甲醇-丙酮体系汽液平衡数据;并用Barker方法进行逐点热力学一致性检验,汽相浓度平均偏差|δ|-0.0051,该套数据同文献数据亦吻合良好。     

苯-烷烃-NMP体系汽液平衡

用改进的Ｒｏｓｅ釜测定了１０１３ｋＰａ下苯烷烃ＮＭＰ体系的汽液平衡数据，对所测二元体系ＶＬＥ数据进行了热力学一致性积分和微分检验，用ＮＲＴＬ和ＵＮＩＱＵＡＣ方程进行关联，并用ＮＲＴＬ和ＵＮＩＱＵＡＣ方程的配偶参数推算出三元体系ＶＬＥ数据，与实测值比较，吻合良好。     

Isobaric vapor–liquid equilibria for mixtures of tetrahydrofuran, 2-propanol, and 2,2,4-trimethylpentane at 101.3 kPa

Vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) at 101.3 kPa have been determined for a ternary system (tetrahydofuran + 2-propanol + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane) and its constituent binary systems (tetrahydrofuran + 2-propanol, tetrahydrofuran + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, and 2-propanol + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane). The activity coefficients of liquid mixtures were calculated from the modified Raoult's law. Thermodynamic consistency tests were performed for all VLE data. The VLE data of the binary mixtures and ternary mixtures were correlated using the Margules, Wilson, NRTL, and UNIQUAC activity-coefficient models. The models with their best-fitted interaction parameters of the binary systems were used to predict the ternary vapor–liquid equilibrium. All VLE data are also used to calculate the reduced excess molar Gibbs free energy g^E/RT and the deviations in the boiling point ΔT. The calculated quantities of g^E/RT and ΔT were fitted to variable-degree polynomials in terms of liquid composition.     

甲酸-水-甲酸丁酯体系的等压汽液相平衡研究

用改进的Rose釜测定了101.33 kPa下甲酸-水、甲酸-甲酸丁酯、甲酸-水-甲酸丁酯(互溶区内)的等压汽液相平衡数据。考虑了甲酸在汽相中的缔合效应和非理想性,用Hayden-O’connell关联式修正了汽相的非理想性,用NRTL模型对甲酸-水和甲酸-甲酸丁酯体系的汽液平衡数据进行了关联,得到了相应的模型参数。利用得到的二元体系模型参数,结合部分三元体系汽液平衡数据,关联得到水-甲酸丁酯体系的模型参数。由关联得到的3对二元NRTL模型参数预测三元体系汽液平衡数据,温度平均偏差为1.20℃,甲酸的汽相平均偏差为0.0152,甲酸丁酯的汽相平均偏差为0.0184,实验值与预测值基本吻合。     

Isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium for ternary system of ethanol,ethyl propionate and para-xylene at 101.3 kPa

Isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium(VLE) data for the binary system ethyl propionate(2) + para-xylene(3) and ternary system ethanol(1) + ethyl propionate(2) + para-xylene(2) at atmospheric pressure(101.3 k Pa)were obtained by a VLE modified othmer still. All the experimental data passed a point to point consistency test of Van Ness method, which verified the data reliability. The Wilson and UNIQUAC activity coefficient models were employed to correlate the binary VLE data to obtain binary interaction parameters. Based on binary interaction parameters, ternary VLE data of ethanol(1) + ethyl propionate(2) + para-xylene(3) were predicted by Wilson and UNIQUAC models, which proved that predicted values are consistent with the experimental data.Furthermore, azeotropic phenomenon between ethanol and ethyl propionate disappears when the mole ratio of para-xylene and binary system of ethanol and ethyl propionate is 1:1. Therefore, this paper convinced that para-xylene is a proper extractive additive that could be used in extractive distillation to separate the binary azeotropic system of ethanol and ethyl propionate.     

甲基二氯硅烷-甲基乙烯基二氯硅烷-甲苯三元体系等压汽液平衡

Vapor-liquid euilibrium (VLE) for a ternary system of Methyldichlorosilane methylvinyldichlorosilane toluene and constituent binary systems were measured at 101.3kPa using a new type of magnetical pump-ebulliometer,The equilibrium conpositions of the vapor phase of binary systems were calculated indirectly from the total pressure-temperature-liquid composition(pTx).The experimental data were correlated with the Wilson and NRTL(non-random two liquid )equations.The parameters of the Wilson moldel were employed to predict the ternary VLE data .The calculated boiling points were in good agreement with the experimental ones.     

ON THE COMPOSITION-DEPENDENT INTERACTION PARAMETERS IN EQUATIONS OF STATE

Composition-dependent interaction parameters have been applied to the calculation of vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) in mixtures containing components of different chemical nature. Binary VLE have been correlated and ternary VLE have been predicted from binary data using five different mixing rules. Binary data can be accurately correlated for systems with moderate deviations from ideality using mixing rules with two binary parameters. For very strongly nonideal mixtures three binary parameters are needed. For the prediction of ternary VLE from binary information only the mixing rules of Panagiotopoulos and Reid (1986) and Schwartzentruber et al. (1987) are reliable. For most systems the quality of predicting ternary data is comparable to the quality of correlating binary data. Significant deviations are noted only for strongly nonideal systems close to phase separation. In these cases it is recommended to use models incorporating association in an explicit form. KEYWORDS Equations of state Mixing rules Multicomponent Vapor-liquid equilibria.     

丙酮-水-丙酮连氮体系汽液平衡测定与关联

采用汽液双循环平衡釜,在常压（101.3 kPa）下测定了丙酮-丙酮连氮二元组分物系以及部分丙酮-水-丙酮连氮三元组分物系的汽液平衡数据。实验数据经Herington面积积分法检验符合热力学一致性。通过化工过程模拟软件,分别采用Wilson、NRTL、UNIQUAC 活度系数模型对丙酮-丙酮连氮二元组分物系实验数据进行关联得到模型参数。并对汽液平衡的计算值与实验值进行比较,3种模型都吻合良好,其中由NRTL方程关联得到的计算结果最为适合,平均温度偏差和汽相组成偏差分别为0.0639 K和0.0048。从三元汽液相平衡数据中拟合出了丙酮-丙酮连氮、丙酮-水、水-丙酮连氮之间的NRTL方程相互作用参数。为验证数据及其二元相互作用参数的可靠性,利用关联出的丙酮-丙酮连氮模型参数计算出汽相组成与丙酮-丙酮连氮的二元数据比较,二者符合较好。实验和关联的结果为精馏分离丙酮-水-丙酮连氮汽液平衡体系提供了一定的基础数据。