硫脲浸取硫化金精矿及其焙砂的比较研究

用硫脲法浸取含铜硫化金精矿及其焙砂时，直接浸取硫化矿，硫脲消耗高，过程操作困难，金的浸出率仅为６０－７０％，且不稳定，采取在浆挂铁板和加活性炭，也仅能达８７－９１％；而经硫酸化焙烧的焙砂，用烯酸预浸回收铜，再用硫脲浸取金，银，硫脲消耗低，过程易于操作，金，铜和银浸出率分别可达９８％，９０％和９１％且稳定，综合经济效益显著。     

难浸金矿石的硫脲浸取法

山东某矿为含砷硫化矿金矿,对于这种难处理的金矿,铜、锌、砷及硫等杂质干扰氰化,氰化法金的浸取率很低,而硫脲法不受此类杂质干扰。本文将矿石进行加盐固硫砷焙烧处理后,进行了氰化浸取法、氨性硫代硫酸盐浸取法和硫脲浸取法的比较实验,确定了硫脲浸取法的最佳实验条件。     

氧化铜矿浸铜工艺研究(摘要)

为开发利用难选氧化铜矿和贫铜矿资源,在大量试验基础上,经过数年的研究,探索出了“酸浸氧化铜矿石生产铜粉”新工艺。该工艺过程为:氧化铜矿石经破碎后,加浓酸熟化,然后用稀酸浸出,浸出液中的铜用铁屑置换得高纯度铜粉。该工艺与普通酸浸法相比,总酸耗量可低1/3,且铜浸取率高;     

从刚果(金)某低品位氧化铜钴矿石中浸出铜钴试验研究

研究了采用直接酸浸法处理刚果(金)某低品位氧化铜钴矿石，考察了磨矿细度、液固体积质量比、硫酸用量、浸出温度和时间对铜、钴浸出的影响。在磨矿细度-74μm占85%、液固体积质量比4∶1、硫酸用量150 kg/t、浸出温度60℃、浸出时间90 min条件下，铜、钴浸出率分别为87.32%、85.52%,渣率为90.4%,实际酸耗量为129.66 kg/t,铜钴回收效果较好。     

兄弟期刊文摘

<正> 《云南冶金》1986年第1期 高砷多金属硫化矿回收钴金研究 采用限氧脱砷,酸化焙烧,酸浸提钴,酸浸渣氰化提金流程处理某钨矿精选尾砂。它是含钴、金的高砷硫化矿。试验获得较好效果,焙烧脱砷率98％,钴、金浸出率分别为90％和91％。     

从刚果(金)铜钴氧化矿提取钴的试验研究

针对刚果(金)铜钴矿铜高、硅高、钴低、以氧化矿为主的特点,开展了还原浸出钴的试验研究,考察了粒度、时间、pH值、还原剂用量以及还原剂种类等对钴浸出率的影响.研究显示,在浸出液固比4∶1、控制终点pH值1.5、还原剂用量为Co理论量的1.5倍、浸出温度80℃、矿样粒度-0.074mm占90％的条件下浸出120min,Co的平均浸出率为90％,平均酸耗为156.07kg/t.     

难处理低品位铜钴矿的微生物浸出

以赞比亚某典型难处理低品位氧化铜钴矿为研究对象,配入适量硫化铜钴矿,采用人工调配的高效微生物浸矿菌群对铜钴矿进行微生物浸出,同时分别与摇瓶酸浸、搅拌酸浸和柱浸进行了对比.结果表明,采用微生物浸出难处理铜钴矿,随着温度升高和时间延长,铜浸出率增大.浸出温度为40℃时,微生物浸出铜浸出率为90.7%,高于摇瓶酸浸和搅拌酸浸浸出结束时浸出率(69.4%~73.2%)以及柱浸结束时浸出率(约85%).由于微生物浸出群落对该难处理铜钴矿作用时间周期较长,适用于堆浸生产.细菌的存在使得铁离子不断的在二价与三价间循环,通过具有强氧化性的Fe3+与硫化矿物相互作用,使得矿物分解,提高浸出率.     

硫化矿的浸金研究—酸性硫脲溶液体系

本文研究了在用酸性硫脲溶液从硫化矿中浸金时,硫酸铁浓度、硫脲浓度、酸度、温度、搅拌速度、浸取时间、矿石粒度及固液比等实验条件对金、银浸出率的影响。并对所得结果进行了讨论。     

低品位硫化铜矿细菌氧化浸铜研究

为回收江西某铜矿大量低品位硫化矿资源，采用氧化铁硫杆菌浸矿，铜浸出率比酸浸提高９．４９％；浸出液中铁浓度不高，可满足铜回收要求；细菌浸矿产生一定的酸，节省了酸耗；分段浸矿可缩短浸矿时间１～２周。     

含铜金精矿选择性浸金研究

以山西某地含铜金精矿为研究对象,进行实验室试验和扩大试验,讨论分析了氨氰法、硫脲、硫代硫酸盐和分步浸取法的浸出条件和浸出效果。试验结果表明,对于金以非包裹形式存在的含铜金矿石,与硫脲法、硫代硫酸盐法、分步浸取法等选择性浸金方法相比,氨氰法具有浸出率高、试剂廉价、工艺简单等明显的优点。该方法与直接氰化相比,在金的浸出率达到92％的同时,大幅度地降低了氰化物耗量。根据实验室试验结果进行的扩大试验和半工业生产试验结果表明,氨氰法的工艺指标合理、稳定,是该含铜金矿石回收金的有效方法。     

金锑共生矿石综合利用试验研究

针对某大型金锑共生矿床的矿石中，辉锑矿嵌布粒度粗大且易泥化和易氧化，金矿物嵌布粒度相对较细等特点，选矿采用阶段磨矿，阶段选别的重选－浮选工艺流程，获得了产率30．45％，金品位22．21g/t，锑品位55．22％的金锑混合精矿，金、锑选矿回收率分别为91．27％、94．20％，所得金锑混合精矿经湿法浸出分离金、锑、锑浸出率达98．56％，进入锑浸液的金仅占4．19％，并分别对锑浸液，浸锑渣综合回收锑，金进行了研究，均获得了较好的试验指标。     

抛刀岭难处理金精矿细菌氧化-提金实验研究

抛刀岭金矿是典型的含砷难处理金矿,针对其金精矿,结合矿石特性,考察了细菌氧化预处理效果。实验结果表明：对于含金 20.30 g/t、含砷3.39%、含硫29.8%及含铁4.10%的抛刀岭金精矿,直接氰化浸出金的浸出率仅为30%。矿石中的主要金属矿物为黄铁矿、毒砂和雄黄;脉石矿物有长石、方解石、石英和绢云母等,属于难浸金矿石。该金精矿经HQ0211菌氧化预处理8 d后,脱砷率达到46.25%,细菌氧化渣金含量达32.1 g/t,失重率为42.53%。细菌氧化渣在通气情况下进行氰化提金,NaCN浓度为0.1%、pH值为10.5~11,48 h后氰化结束,氰化渣质量由原来的300 g减少为290 g,渣率为96.67%,氰化渣中金含量从32.1 g/t降低至2.7 g/t,金的浸出率达到91.59%,氰化过程中NaCN消耗量为13.53 kg/t。HQ0211菌氧化预处理氰化提金效果显著,为该矿处理工艺提供了可靠数据,并为此类矿石的有效利用提供了参考。     

The dissolution of gold in acidic solutions of thiourea

In order to evaluate the potential of acidic thiourea as a reagent for leaching gold, a study was made of the dissolution of gold in acidic solutions of thiourea containing various oxidants. Experiments were conducted on rotating disks of pure gold and on ground gold ores. The chemical oxidants used included iron(III), hydrogen peroxide, oxygen and formamidine disulphide; the latter reagent was formed in situ by the action of both hydrogen peroxide and dissolved oxygen on thiourea. Gold was observed to dissolve in these solutions at rates which approached the limiting diffusion controlled rate. Iron(III) as the oxidant caused the most rapid initial rate of dissolution of gold, but this rate soon decreased because of the reaction between iron(III) and thiourea; this resulted in the consumption of an excessive amount of thiourea which made the use of iron(III) as the oxidant unattractive in any ore leaching system based upon the use of thiourea as leaching agent.The results observed in the rotating disk study were applied to the leaching of crushed ores. A large proportion of the oxidant necessary for the extraction of the gold was derived from the ore itself; the remainder of the oxidant required could be supplied as hydrogen peroxide during preparation of the leach liquor, and by agitation of the slurry by a flow of air. When solutions containing 1.2 M thiourea were used it was possible to extract the gold from an ore within one hour; under these conditions the consumption of thiourea was about 1.4 kg thiourea per ton of ore treated. This figure could be reduced to 0.4 kg thiourea/ton if 0.1 M thiourea was used; complete extraction of the gold then occurred within eight hours.Gold can be leached at a much greater rate by acidic solutions of thiourea than is possible by conventional cyanidation techniques. However on economic grounds the latter technique must be preferred unless a really rapid rate of dissolution of gold is required.     

加温硫脲炭浸法提金新工艺研究

广西龙水金矿浮选金精矿采用加温硫脲炭浸法提金新工艺处理，精矿金品位４５．３３ｇ／ｔ，硫脲用量６ｋｇ／ｔ，金浸出率可达９４。２６％，金总回收率达９０．２８％．降低硫脲用量，提高金浸出率的重要条件是适当的温度，氧化剂，保护剂，吸附剂等诸因素的有机结合。     

某含铜难处理金矿提金试验

分别采用直接氰化法、浮选—氰化法和碘化法处理某含铜难处理金矿,并考察了搅拌强度、浸出时间和矿浆温度对碘化浸金效果的影响。结果表明,采用直接氰化法在氰化钠用量为10kg/t时,金浸出率为82%左右,铜浸出率为40%左右;利用浮选—氰化法得到的浮选精矿中金、铜品位分别为36.9g/t和4.69%,金、铜回收率分别为57.41%和62.35%,浮选精矿中砷品位达到4.2%,浮选尾矿氰化金的浸出率为65.96%;碘化试验中金浸出率达到85.3%,铜浸出率低于1%。碘化法比较适宜处理该金矿,其最佳工艺条件为:搅拌强度400r/min、浸出时间2h、矿浆温度298K。     

用加压氧化-硫脲浸出法从滇西低品位金矿石中回收金

研究了用加压氧化-硫脲浸出法从滇西低品位金矿中回收金。低品位金矿石先在加压反应釜中加压氧化,之后用硫脲浸出金。考察了氧压、温度、反应时间及添加剂尿素及木质磺酸钠对加压氧化及硫脲浸出金的影响,确定了工艺最佳条件。最佳条件下,金浸出率为94%。     

砷硫铅质金矿中金的氰化试验研究

某砷硫铅质金矿中金的品位为17～18g／T，砷的质量分数为20.1%～20.5%范围，硫的质量分数为18.46%，铅的质量分数为3.05%等以及其他的元素干扰使金的氰化浸出率为5%～10%范围内。矿样经过氧化12～15h后，在防膜剂和活化剂存在下，金的氰化浸出率可达80%～85%范围。二次氰化浸出后，可使金的氰化浸出率达90%以上，能获得较好的经济效益。     

Effect of the composition of some sulphide minerals on cyanidation and use of lead nitrate and oxygen to alleviate their impact

An investigation was carried out on synthetic ores containing high purity pyrite, pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite and on two gold ores currently processed to evaluate the impact of cyanicides on cyanidation and to improve the leaching performance by using a pre-leaching, injecting oxygen and adding lead nitrate. With regard to the synthetic ores, it was found that pyrrhotite did not generate a high cyanide consumption while pyrite and chalcopyrite were detrimental. Pre-leaching was deleterious for the ore containing chalcopyrite while pre-leaching with lead nitrate was very efficient to decrease the reactivity of the ore containing pyrite. The two gold ores studied had very different compositions. The low sulphide ore had a low sulphide content (1.36% S), present as pyrrhotite while the second had a very high sulphide content (20.2% S), in the form of pyrite, pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite. The efficiency of the process conditions was peculiar to the ores. The high sulphide ore required a stronger, longer pre-leaching period (12 h) with greater amounts of lime (7.0 kg/t) and lead nitrate (600 g/t) than the low-sulphide ore. The ore with a low sulphide content required a pre-leaching of only 1 h with a small quantity of Pb(NO₃)₂ (50 g/t) and leaching can be performed at 360 ppm NaCN to allow a recovery of 96.4% Au and a low cyanide consumption at 0.18 kg/t. As for the high sulphide ore, cyanidation had to be conducted at 560 ppm NaCN to recover 88.4% Au with a cyanide consumption of 0.80 kg/t. An increase in the amount of lime enhanced oxidation of soluble sulphides. Lead nitrate stabilized copper and iron dissolution by forming a passivation layer at the surface of sulphide minerals. Lead nitrate also prevented the formation of a passive layer at the surface of gold.     

河北某矿石中金的氰化及混汞试验研究

为了回收河北某矿石中的元素金,对该矿矿石进行了氰化浸金及混汞试验研究。在原矿金品位23.6 g/t,磨矿细度-200目含量为91.2%,NaCN用量为2.5 kg/t,浸出时间24h条件下,获得了浸渣金品位0.403 g/t,金浸出率为98.29%的氰化浸出指标。混汞金回收率为48.86%。     

难选金矿石的细菌浸出

对金呈细粒浸染状嵌布的含砷、含铜难选金矿石进行了细菌脱砷、脱硫、脱铜的试验研究。生物浸渣由氰化或硫脲浸出，金的浸出率达８７％以上。研究了影响细菌生长、浸出的各种有关因素及由此引起的金属溶解现象，为细菌浸出在工业上应用提供了技术参考。