GaN衬底上纳米点阵列的制备及其应用研究

研究了纳米掩膜在材料外延生长及器件制备中的应用.通过电化学腐蚀和电子束蒸发方法在GaN表面生成Ni和SiO<,2>纳米点阵列,经过等离子体刻蚀在Ni/GaN模板上形成GaN纳米锥形结构;利用氢化物气相外延(HVPE)方法,在SiO<,2>/GaN模板上制备厚膜GaN材料.X射线衍射(XRD)和光致发光(PL)谱测试表明...     

HVPE生长的高质量GaN纳米柱的光学性能

GaN纳米材料因具有优异的晶体质量和突出的光学性能及发射性能,日益受到关注.研究了一种利用氢化物气相外廷(HVPE)系统生长高质量的GaN纳米柱的方法.使用镍作为催化剂,在蓝宝石衬底上生长出了GaN纳米柱.在不同生长时间和不同HC1体积流量下制备了多组样品,使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和光致发光(PL)谱对样品进行了分析表征.测试结果表明,在较低的HC1体积流量下,生长2 min的样品具有较高的晶体质量和较好的光学性质.讨论了不同生长阶段的GaN纳米结构发光特性的变化规律,认为纳米结构所产生的表面态密度大小差异会造成带边峰位的红移和展宽.     

石墨烯上生长GaN纳米线的研究

在常压条件下采用化学气相淀积(CVD)技术在有石墨烯插入层的衬底上生长GaN纳米线,研究了生长温度、石墨烯插入层、催化剂等因素对GaN纳米线的形貌、光学特性以及结构的影响.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、光致发光(PL)谱、拉曼(Raman)谱和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等表征手段对GaN纳米线的形貌、光学特性以及结构进行表征.结果表明,在1 100℃条件下,同时有石墨烯插层和催化剂的衬底表面能够获得低应力单晶GaN纳米线.石墨烯、催化剂对于获得低应力单晶GaN纳米线有重要的作用.     

热壁化学汽相沉积Si基GaN奇异面

利用热壁化学汽相沉积在Si基上生长GaN薄膜。用扫描电镜(SEM)、选择区电子衍射(SAED)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外透射谱(FTIR)和荧光光谱(PL)对样品进行形貌、结构、组分和发光特性的分析。SEM显示在平滑的表面上出现了由绳状、树根状、项链状晶体组成的奇异面。FTIR、XRD和SAED显示生成的GaN奇异面呈六方纤锌矿多晶结构同时含有少量的碳污染。PL谱显示了不同于一般GaN发光谱的发光峰。     

退火温度对Tb催化GaN纳米棒的影响

用稀土金属铽(Tb)作催化剂,通过磁控溅射和退火氨化法成功制备出大量单晶GaN纳米棒,并研究退火温度对GaN纳米棒表面形貌、晶体质量和发光特性的影响。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和光致发光谱(PL)测试结果显示,随着退火温度的升高,纳米棒的直径和长度增大,结晶质量先变好后变差,PL测试发现了位于369nm处的强发光峰和387nm处的弱发光峰,其发光强度随退火温度的升高先增强后减弱,发光峰的位置并不改变,进而得出了制备GaN纳米棒的最佳退火温度为950℃。利用高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)对950℃下制备的样品进行检测,结果显示样品为六方纤锌矿结构的单晶GaN纳米棒。     

利用低温插入层改善GaN外延层晶体质量研究

采用MOCVD系统在蓝宝石衬底上生长了GaN外延薄膜,在高温GaN生长中插入了低温GaN.通过改变低温GaN的生长温度和Ⅴ/Ⅲ比得到不同样品.对样品薄膜进行了高分辨X射线衍射(HRXRD)和光致发光谱(PL)测试,PL半峰宽变化不大,XRD半峰宽有明显变化.实验结果表明,低温GaN缓冲层可以使后续生长更好,达到二维生长...     

合成鱼骨外形氮化镓纳米棒

通过氨化射频溅射工艺生长Ga2O3薄膜,在石英衬底上成功地合成了六方GaN纳米棒.用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、高分辨率透射电镜(HRTEM)和光致发光光谱(PL)对生成的产物进行了分析.合成的纳米棒中有部分一维线状结构表面有规则的突起,呈现鱼骨外形.这种具有青鱼骨外形的纳米棒由六方单晶GaN纳米晶粒沿轴向错落排列而成.室温下观察到GaN纳米棒的黄光发射峰发生了大尺度的蓝移.     

InN的光学性质

对采用MOCVD(metalorganic chemical vapor phase deposition)技术生长在GaN/Sapphire衬底上的InN薄膜进行了Hall、吸收谱以及低温光致发光(photoluminescence,PL)谱的测量和分析.Hall测量发现,样品的载流子浓度分布在1018～1019cm-3.在10K温度下进行PL测量,并对其线形进行分析,得到InN的带隙在0.7eV左右.综合Hall、吸收谱及PL谱的结果发现,吸收边以及PL谱的峰值能量都随载流子浓度的增加而蓝移.此外,我们还讨论了由吸收谱计算InN带隙的存在的不确定性.     

InN的光学性质

对采用MOCVD(metalorganic chemical vapor phase deposition)技术生长在GaN/Sapphire衬底上的InN薄膜进行了Hall、吸收谱以及低温光致发光(photoluminescence,PL)谱的测量和分析.Hall测量发现,样品的载流子浓度分布在1018～1019cm-3.在10K温度下进行PL测量,并对其线形进行分析,得到InN的带隙在0.7eV左右.综合Hall、吸收谱及PL谱的结果发现,吸收边以及PL谱的峰值能量都随载流子浓度的增加而蓝移.此外,我们还讨论了由吸收谱计算InN带隙的存在的不确定性.     

生长温度对InGaN/GaN多量子阱LED光学特性的影响

利用低压MOCVD系统,在蓝宝石衬底上外延生长了InGaN/GaN多量子阱蓝紫光LED结构材料.研究了生长温度对有源层InGaN/GaN多量子阱的合金组分、结晶品质及其发光特性的影响.结果表明当生长温度从730℃升到800℃时,LED的光致发光波长从490nm移到380nm,室温下PL谱发光峰的半高全宽从133meV降到73meV,表明了量子阱结晶性的提高.高温生长时,PL谱中还观察到了GaN的蓝带发光峰,说明量子阱对载流子的限制作用有所减弱.研究表明,通过改变生长温度可以对LED发光波长及有源层InGaN的晶体质量实现良好的控制.     

合成鱼骨外形氮化镓纳米棒

通过氨化射频溅射工艺生长 Ga2 O3薄膜 ,在石英衬底上成功地合成了六方 Ga N纳米棒 .用 X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜 (SEM)、高分辨率透射电镜 (HRTEM)和光致发光光谱 (PL)对生成的产物进行了分析 .合成的纳米棒中有部分一维线状结构表面有规则的突起 ,呈现鱼骨外形 .这种具有青鱼骨外形的纳米棒由六方单晶 Ga N纳米晶粒沿轴向错落排列而成 .室温下观察到 Ga N纳米棒的黄光发射峰发生了大尺度的蓝移     

氧化物缓冲层制备Si(111)基GaN纳米线

采用氧化物缓冲层,通过射频磁控溅射系统依次在n型Si(111)衬底上沉积Ga2O3/ZnO(Ga2O3/MgO)薄膜,然后将薄膜于950℃氨化合成GaN纳米结构,氨化时间为15min。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外吸收谱(FTIR)和高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)对样品的结构进行了分析,结果显示两种缓冲层下制备的样品均为六方纤锌矿单晶GaN纳米结构,且缓冲层的取向对纳米线的生长方向有很大影响;采用扫描电镜(SEM)对样品的形貌进行了测试,发现纳米线表面光滑,长度可达几十微米,表明采用氧化物缓冲层制备了高质量的GaN线。同时对GaN纳米线的生长机理进行了简单讨论。     

Synthesis of GaN nanowires and nanorods via self-growth mode control

The synthesis of hexagonal wurzite one-dimensional (1D) GaN nanostructures on c-Al₂O₃ substrates was investigated using a thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. The diameter of the GaN nanostructures was controlled by varying the growth time using a mixture of GaN powder and Ga metal with the ammonia gas reaction. The morphologies of the GaN nanowires and nanorods were confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The micro-Raman spectroscopy and X-ray scattering measurements indicated that the GaN nanostructures had a hexagonal wurzite structure without any oxide phases. We investigated the difference in the structural properties between the GaN nanowires and nanorods. Deep-level emission bands were not observed in cathodoluminescence measurements from either the GaN nanowires or nanorods, indicating the incorporation of low-level impurities into our 1D GaN nanostructures.     

Effect of ammoniating temperature on structural and morphologic properties of nanostructured GaN

Nanostructured GaN was synthesized by ammoniating Ga₂O₃/Mo films at different temperatures in a quartz tube. The as-synthesized GaN was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results show that the nanostructured material is single-crystal GaN with hexagonal wurtzite structure. The ammoniating temperature of the samples has an evident effect on the morphology and structure of the nanostructured GaN synthesized by this method. Lower temperature promotes the growth of wire-like structures and higher temperature facilitates the formation of the sheet-like structure. The growth mechanism of the nanostructured GaN was also discussed.     

Textured Tubular Nanoparticle Structures: Precursor‐Templated Synthesis of GaN Sub‐micrometer Sized Tubes

Porous and sub‐micrometer tubes made of textured GaN nanoparticles have been synthesized by an in situ chemical reaction and characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and photoluminescence (PL) and Raman spectroscopies. The in situ reaction involves thermal decomposition and nitridation of 1D gallium oxyhydroxide (GaOOH) at temperatures in the range of 700–900 °C. The 1D shape of the precursor GaOOH is maintained in the resultant GaN tubes. The GaN nanocrystals (estimated to be about 15 nm in size) are found to be highly oriented with respect to each other in the tube structure, with the [110] GaN direction parallel to the tube axis. The growth mechanism of the tube structure has also been studied. β‐Ga₂O₃ is found to be an intermediate phase between the starting GaOOH precursor and the final GaN product. The growth mechanism involves decomposition of GaOOH, which produces β‐Ga₂O₃ tubes with hollow interiors, and nitridation of β‐Ga₂O₃, which leads to growth of textured GaN nanocrystals. Based on the growth mechanism, tubular structures with either quasi‐circular or rectangular cross section are selectively synthesized by controlling the heating rate and calcination temperature. This in situ chemical reaction method provides a new route for synthesizing 1D hollow nanostructures.     

磁控溅射和氨化法生长GaN纳米棒及其特性

使用一种新奇的稀土元素铽(Tb)作催化剂,通过氨化磁控溅射在Si(111)衬底上的Ga2O3/Tb薄膜,合成了大量的GaN纳米棒,氨化温度为950℃,氨化时间为15min。该方法可以进行持续合成且制备的GaN纳米棒纯度较高、成本低廉。实验后分别用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对样品进行了结构、表面形态和成分测试。通过XRD和XPS测试分析,合成的纳米棒具有六方纤锌矿GaN结构;通过SEM、TEM和HRTEM观察分析得出合成的纳米棒为单晶GaN纳米棒。简单讨论了GaN纳米棒的生长机制。     

Effect of PEG-400 on the morphology and electrical properties of ZnO nanoparticles application for gas sensor

ZnO nanostructures were obtained by thermal decomposition of zinc hydroxide and PEG-400 formed after precipitation of zinc acetate from aqueous solution. The synthesized nanoparticles are characterized for their phase and morphology by X-ray diffraction (XRD) scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and UV–visible spectrophotometry techniques. These characterizations are performed with the aim of optimizing the experimental conditions which allow us to obtain ZnO nanostructures. Electrical properties of the synthesized nanoparticles are studied by AC impedance measurement. The gas sensing properties are studied by reducing methane gas at room temperature.     

Synthesis of GaN nanowires by ammoniation of Ga2O3 films on Nb layer deposited on Si(1 1 1) substrates

Single-crystalline GaN nanowires have been successfully synthesized on Si(1 1 1) substrates by magnetron sputtering through ammoniation of Ga₂O₃/Nb films at 900 °C in a quartz tube. The as-synthesized GaN nanowires are confirmed to be single-crystalline GaN with wurtzite structure by X-ray diffraction (XRD), selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) and field-emission transmission electron microscopy (FETEM); scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows that the GaN nanowires are smooth, with diameters of about 50 nm and lengths typically up to several microns, which could provide an attractive potential for incorporation in future GaN electronic devices into Si-based large-scale integrated circuits. Finally, the growth mechanism of GaN nanowires is also briefly discussed.