超临界萃取生姜中姜油的研究

研究了应用超临界二氧化碳萃取生姜的工艺条件，结合萃取压力、温度、时间，物料水分、粒度等参数对萃取率的影响。采用单因子变化的实验方法，得出生姜萃取率的最佳工艺条件为：压力20MPa，温度40℃，二氧化碳流量20L／h，时间2h。     

Extraction Technologies at ACHEMA 2022

At the ACHEMA 2022, extraction technology was well represented by exhibitors from industry and academia. While industrial exhibitors focused primarily on incremental improvements of existing technologies such as optimized internals, academic exhibitors presented innovative extractive processes and state-of-the-art technologies including machine learning. Some selected innovations and developments are briefly described in this contribution.     

TERNARY EXTRACTION MODELING USING THE REDLICH-KISTER EXPANSION

Mathematical models for liquid-liquid extraction processes are not widely available. The correlation of liquid-liquid equilibrium for such a model is often difficult. One correlation, based upon the Redlich-Kister expansion for the molar excess Gibb's free energy, has been shown to accurately represent ternary liquid-liquid equilibrium systems used in liquid-liquid extraction operations.

The use of this correlation in an extraction model was investigated and found to be suitable for a ternary liquid-liquid extraction model with only minor limitations. A successful ternary liquid-liquid extraction model was developed using this equilibrium correlation.     

微波对萃取过程的强化

对微波萃取技术进行了简要综述,具体介绍了微波萃取的原理、特点、萃取参数设备、优越性及近年来的研究进展和应用,并展望了微波萃取技术的发展前景。     

TERNARY EXTRACTION MODELING USING THE REDLICH-KISTER EXPANSION

Mathematical models for liquid-liquid extraction processes are not widely available. The correlation of liquid-liquid equilibrium for such a model is often difficult. One correlation, based upon the Redlich-Kister expansion for the molar excess Gibb's free energy, has been shown to accurately represent ternary liquid-liquid equilibrium systems used in liquid-liquid extraction operations.

The use of this correlation in an extraction model was investigated and found to be suitable for a ternary liquid-liquid extraction model with only minor limitations. A successful ternary liquid-liquid extraction model was developed using this equilibrium correlation.     

葵花籽油提取方法的研究

应用超声波法和索氏法,采用均匀实验设计,研究了各种因素对葵花籽油提取率的影响,确定了葵花籽油的最佳提取条件,为葵花籽油的大规模工业生产提供技术参考.     

从乐果合成废水中回收乐果的研究

用工业苯做萃取剂,采用多塔对流萃取的方法回收废水中的乐果。其乐果回收率可达到90%,萃取后得到的萃合苯可直接配乐果乳剂而不影响产品质量。此工艺简单,操作方便有较显著的经济效益,也有一定的环境效益。     

烃源岩中氯仿沥青“A”抽提的新技术

首次利用快速溶剂萃取仪ASE 350提取岩芯样品中的氯仿沥青"A",通过条件实验,选择最佳条件,并与索氏抽提对比。该方法将单个样品萃取时间由原来的8小时减短到40分钟,萃取效率均达到90%以上,平行试验测得的相对标准偏差小于2.0%,能满足岩石中氯仿沥青"A"抽提的要求;且密闭、自动化操作,有望进一步研究烃源岩中的轻组分。     

金瓜中色素的提取及稳定性研究

对金瓜色素的提取条件和稳定性进行了研究。结果表明：提取的最佳条件是以碎状金瓜为原料，以PH值为9、体积分数95％的乙醇为浸提剂，在60℃下恒温浸提5h。同时实验结果表明：金瓜色素的光稳定性较差，耐热性较好；酸碱稳定性较好，但不宜用于强酸的环境；耐氧化性不强，有一定的抗还原性；各种常见的金属离子对该色素均有一定的增色作用；常用的食品添加剂柠檬酸、抗坏血酸和蔗糖对该色素有一定降色作用，苯甲酸钠对该色素有一定增色作用，葡萄糖和食盐对该色素不产生明显影响。     

离子液体在萃取中的应用研究

离子液体具有特殊的物理化学性质,通过选择不同的阳离子和阴离子改变离子液体的物理化学性质,因此离子液体可以取代传统的有机分子溶剂应用于不同的分离过程.本文综述离子液体萃取金属离子、有机化合物、生物分子,脱硫,脱氮及气体分离等的最近研究进展.     

石榴花色素的提取及稳定性研究

以石留花为原料提取石榴花色素,并对影响它提取率的因素:提取剂、提取温度、提取pH值、提取剂用量、提取次数等方面进行大量实验研究,进行分析得出提取石榴花色素的最佳条件为30℃水浴下,pH=1的95%乙醇溶液以1∶8的料液比浸泡1.0 h得到产率较高的色素,从而设计出石榴花色素提取工艺;对色素的耐酸碱性、耐热性、耐光性、耐氧化还原性、及对食品添加剂食盐、蔗糖、柠檬酸等方面进行测定分析得出石榴花色素色泽具有较好的耐光耐热耐还原能力,而对氧化剂适应能力较差,对食品添加剂适应能力较强;最后通过各种金属离子对该色素色泽的影响实验,得出大多数金属离子(除Fe3 、Pb2 )对该色素色泽无影响,从而得出该色素在食品、饮料、糖果及酒类等方面,具有很大的开发应用和前景。     

催化裂化柴油芳烃抽提生产工艺的改进与研究

利用某种溶剂，从催化裂化柴油中抽提部分重芳烃，以提高柴油的质量。论述了所抽出重芳烃的进一步分离及利用。     

LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION IN A HOLLOW-FIBER DEVICE

Liquid-liquid extraction operations were conducted in a hollow fiber mass transfer device using two systems: phenol/water vs. n-octanol and phenol/hexane vs. water. Individual mass transfer resistances due to the tube-side fluid, the hollow fiber wall (membrane), and the shell-side fluid were determined for runs in which the solvent was held stagnant on the shell-side. Countercurrent flow runs with moving solvent were conducted to show that the degree of extraction rises steadily as the solvent-to-raffinate ratio increases. Factors affecting the mass transfer resistances in this type of device are discussed, and the advantages of hollow fiber units over conventional mixer-settler units are pointed out.     

正辛基-对叔丁基苯基亚砜萃取钯(Ⅱ)的动力学研究

采用恒界面池搅拌法测定了正辛基－对叔丁基苯基亚砜萃取钯（Ⅱ）的反应速率常数（kf)和反应的表观活化能（Ea),初步探讨了亚砜类萃取剂结构对其萃取性能的影响。     

大量锆存在下微量铪的测定

采用磷酸三丁酯（ＴＢＰ）煤油溶液．在硝酸（１０Ｍｌ／ｌ）介质中，选择性地从含有Ｈｆ４＋的溶液中萃取和分离Ｚｒ４＋及其它金属离子。分离后的微量Ｈｆ４＋用偶氮肿Ⅲ（在８ｍｏｌ／ＨＮＯ３溶液中）光度法测定。实验结果表明，在适宜的条件下．Ｚｒ４＋的萃取率大于９９．６％。该方法用于测定锆英石、氧化锆和锆铁合金样品中的铪，相对标准仍在小于３．９％，其回收率在９９．６５％以上，测定结果满意。     

萃取精馏分离乙酸乙酯-乙醇技术的研究

实验以乙酸乙酯-乙醇共沸体系分离为研究内容,以N、N一二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）作萃取剂,进行萃取精馏操作。探讨回流比和萃取荆加入速率对产品纯度和收率等的影响。得出在实验条件下适宜回流比为3,萃取剂加入速率为7-8ml／min的结论。     

用超临界CO2流体从香兰草豆荚中萃取香兰素的研究

研究了用超临界CO2 流体技术从香兰豆荚中萃取香兰素的工艺条件 ,探索了萃取压力、温度、时间对萃取率的影响 ,结果表明 ,超临界CO2 萃取香兰素的工艺切实可行 ,最佳萃取条件是萃取压力为 35 0bar、温度为 4 5℃、时间为 14 0min ,在此萃取条件下每克香兰豆荚的香兰素萃取量为 2 0 .0 5mg ,萃取率为 98.5 %。     

大豆蛋白/聚丙烯腈共混纤维的研制Ⅰ.大豆蛋白提取工艺的研究

研究了大豆蛋白提取工艺,实验证明,豆粕的粉碎方式,萃取温度,萃取时间和pH值等都会影响蛋白质的得率。豆粕在与水混合的状态下进行粉碎,提取温度不高于60℃;pH值在9.0时,不仅可以提高蛋白质的提取率,而且可以很好地保持蛋白质的性质。     

Extraction of rare earth metals with a multistage mixer-settler extraction column

Extraction behavior of rare earth metals within a mixer-settler extraction column has been analyzed with the stage efficiency calculated from mass transfer coefficients and interfacial area. The mass transfer coefficient within the dispersed drops is determined from a rigid sphere model by taking into account the residence time distribution of drops, and the coefficient around the drops is calculated by Ranz-Marshall's correlation with the terminal settling velocity of a rigid sphere. The interfacial area of dispersed drops is calculated by the use of correlations for the drop diameter and the holdup of dispersed phase in the mixer-settler extraction column. The calculated results for the separation of samarium and gadolinium with a five-stage mixer-settler extraction column are compared with the experimental results at various agitation speeds and flow ratios between two phases. The extraction behavior in the multistage column is explained by a model based on the hydrodynamics and the mass transfer within the mixer. Effects of the pH value in aqueous phase, the extractant concentration in organic phase and the number of stages on the extraction behavior in the mixer-settler column are also shown.