三维离散纵标方法在RPV快中子注量率计算中的初步应用

离散纵标(又称SN)方法是反应堆压力容器快中子注量率计算中最常用的方法之一.计算机的飞速发展和三维离散纵标方法的不断完善,使得三维离散纵标法应用于工程设计成为可能.本文以某压水堆为研究对象,采用基于三维全堆芯中子学程序SCIENCE的计算结果,使用三维离散纵标方法程序计算了压力容器内表面快中子注量率三维分布,并分别与采...     

基于离散纵标法的三维耦合燃耗与活化计算方法的发展

燃耗与活化分析在反应堆的燃耗管理与辐射屏蔽设计分析中起关键性的作用.基于一维、二维的输运程序的燃耗与活化分析方法难以解决复杂几何和强烈各向异性散射问题.本文通过耦合三维离散纵标(SN)方法粒子输运程序以及指数欧拉法活化计算程序,发展了快速精确的三维耦合燃耗与活化计算方法.该方法考虑了共振自屏效应动态修正,并采用重要核素...     

DAG-OpenMC在聚变中子学分析中的应用研究

聚变装置工程模型极其复杂,使得中子学分析的建模十分繁琐和耗时。开源蒙特卡罗程序OpenMC通过集成DAGMC(Direct Accelerated Geometry Monte Carlo),可以直接基于CAD模型进行粒子输运模拟计算,该特性可显著提高复杂工程模型的建模与分析效率。以中国聚变工程试验堆（China Fusion Engineerging Test Reactor,CFETR）为对象,开展OpenMC在聚变中子学分析中的应用研究。基于CFETR一维柱壳模型验证OpenMC与MCNP计数结果的一致性。根据等离子体空间分布特点,基于源扩展接口自定义源类和源函数准确描述复杂聚变中子源。利用DAG-OpenMC的CAD几何功能成功建立了CFETR的三维模型,并计算获得了中子壁负载分布、氚增殖率和核热沉积等物理量。结果表明：DAG-OpenMC与MCNP的计算结果具有极好的一致性。在建立复杂的聚变堆工程模型时,基于CAD几何功能极大地提高了建模效率。DAG-OpenMC在聚变中子学应用中关键问题的验证表明了其处理复杂工程结构条件下聚变中子学问题的可行性。     

二维中子输运方程的非结构网格离散纵标数值解法

从一阶中子输运方程出发,对方向变量采用离散纵标法展开,得到一系列关于空间变量的偏微分方程,对这些方程采用最小二乘有限元方法进行离散.编制了二维中子输运方程的非结构网格离散纵标计算程序.对一系列基准问题做了验算,计算结果表明,该方法能用于非结构网格,并具有较高的计算精度.     

高温气冷堆堆外探测器空间响应函数的计算和特性分析

建立高温气冷堆核电厂示范工程( HTR-PM)反应堆堆外探测器空间响应函数的计算模型.基于共轭输运理论,分别使用蒙特卡罗程序( MCNP)和三维离散纵标(SN)程序TORT计算高温气冷堆堆外探测器空间响应函数.对堆外探测器空间响应函数主要特性的分析及对2种计算结果的比较表明:SN程序TORT的计算结果和MCNP的计算结果一致;基于共轭中子输运理论建立堆外探测器读数和堆芯功率分布的映射关系(探测器空间响应函数)可行;MCNP的计算效率较低,得到三维分布的空间响应函数存在较大的统计误差;堆外探测器读数主要由正对探测器的堆芯局部区域的高能中子产生.     

基于非结构网格的三维中子输运方程求解方法

本文使用离散纵标-间断有限元方法求解了三维中子输运方程,它对能量变量采用多群近似离散,对方向变量采用离散纵标法离散,对空间变量采用间断有限元离散;并研究了每个S_N离散方向的有限元网格的排序以及中子输运DFEM方程中几个矩阵的矩阵元的精确求解方法,并据此开发了基于非结构网格的三维输运计算程序TetTran1.0。基准例题校核结果表明,该程序具有很高的计算精度。     

瞬态中子输运计算程序的研制

开发编制了基于输运理论的瞬态中子动力学程序DOT4-T.该程序是在二维稳态离散纵标程序DOT4.2基础上开发的,对瞬态中子输运方程中的时间变量直接应用无条件稳定的隐式离散格式.为验证该程序的正确性,对一些一维和二维瞬态基准问题进行了校核计算,其结果与基准题吻合良好.     

ITER上窗口屏蔽中子学分析研究

利用CAD/MCNP自动建模程序MCAM建立ITER新上窗口中子学计算模型,使用中子/光子耦合输运程序MCNP/4CI、AEA聚变核数据库FENDL1.0和集成上窗口模型的ITER基本中子学模型计算并分析上窗口新的工程设计的屏蔽能力以检验设计的合理性。结果表明,与以前的上窗口设计相比,新设计的上窗口的周围剂量控制点的快中子注量率、停堆剂量率以及线圈核热等都增大了好几倍,建议进一步改进上窗口设计。     

一阶中子输运方程的离散纵标有限元方法研究

利用离散纵标(SN)方法离散SN一阶多群中子输运方程,建立了基于剖分单元的有限元离散与非结构网格扫描方法相结合的求解模型。针对给定的三角形单元应用Galerkin变分,获得线性方程组,通过引入定解条件,求解线性代数方程组,获得该三角形单元所有节点上的角通量,然后对其他三角形单元进行扫描,从而解出所有节点处中子通量密度。根据上述理论模型,编制了相应的计算程序FEGT,对一系列例题进行校验的数值结果表明,该程序的计算精度满足要求。     

球谐函数有限元程序NECP-FISH的开发及其在聚变堆包层中子学分析中的应用

球谐函数有限元方法采用非结构网格求解中子输运方程,具备处理复杂几何的能力;同时又可避免离散纵标方法所造成的射线效应。本文从一阶中子输运方程出发,通过方程的弱形式推导了球谐函数多尺度有限元方法,并基于此方法开发了中子学分析程序NECP-FISH。通过在前后处理平台SALOME中开发接口程序,实现了程序的建模可视化和计算结果可视化。应用此程序计算了氦冷陶瓷包层,数值结果表明NECP-FISH对中子通量密度、氚增殖比和中子释热的计算结果与蒙特卡罗程序NECP-MCX吻合良好。氚增殖比相对偏差为0.56%,所有区域的中子释热偏差均在6%以内。     

Use of MCAM in creating 3D neutronics model for ITER building

The three dimensional (3D) neutronics reference model of International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) only defines the tokamak machine and extends to the bio-shield. In order to meet further 3D neutronics analysis needs, it is necessary to create a 3D reference model of the ITER building. Monte Carlo Automatic Modeling Program for Radiation Transport Simulation (MCAM) was developed as a computer aided design (CAD) based bi-directional interface program between general CAD systems and Monte Carlo radiation transport simulation codes. With the help of MCAM version 4.8, the 3D neutronics model of ITER building was created based on the engineering CAD model. The calculation of the neutron flux map in ITER building during operation showed the correctness and usability of the model. This model is the first detailed ITER building 3D neutronics model and it will be made available to all international organization collaborators as a reference model.     

Neutronics design analyses of fusion power reactors based on a novel integral approach

A novel integral approach was applied for the nuclear design analyses performed for the European DEMO Conceptual Study including, for the first time, the automatic generation of analysis models for Monte Carlo calculations from available CAD geometry data by the new McCad conversion tool. Starting from neutronics pre-analyses to define the radial reactor build, a generic neutronics CAD model of the DEMO reactor was constructed serving as basis for the generation of DEMO reactor models employing the HCLL (Helium Cooled Lithium Lead) and HCPB (Helium Cooled Pebble Bed) blankets for the tritium breeding and the power production. The HCLL and HCPB DEMO reactor models were converted to the MCNP geometry representation by the newly developed McCad software tool. The nuclear analyses performed on the basis of MCNP Monte Carlo calculations using the converted models showed that both DEMO reactor variants could satisfy the requirements for a sufficient shielding and tritium breeding performance. As a major outcome of this work it is concluded that the newly established integral approach for neutronics analyses, including the automatic generation of analysis geometry models by McCad, is mature for applications to reactor design analyses and studies.     

Improved algorithms and advanced features of the CAD to MC conversion tool McCad

McCad is a geometry conversion tool developed at KIT to enable the automatic bi-directional conversions of CAD models into the Monte Carlo (MC) geometries utilized for neutronics calculations (CAD to MC) and, reversed (MC to CAD), for visualization purposes. The paper presents the latest improvements of the conversion algorithms including improved decomposition, void filling and an advanced interface for the materials editing and assignment. The new implementations and features were tested on fusion neutronics applications to the DEMO and ITER NBI (Neutral Beam Injector) models. The results demonstrate greater stability and enhanced efficiency of McCad conversion process.     

Application of local Monte Carlo method in neutronics calculation of EAST radial neutron camera

The Local Monte Carlo (LMC) method is used to solve the problems of deep penetration and long time in the neutronics calculation of the radial neutron camera (RNC) diagnostic system on the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak (EAST), and the radiation distribution of the RNC and the neutron flux at the detector positions of each channel are obtained. Compared with the results calculated by the global variance reduction method, it is shown that the LMC calculation is reliable within the reasonable error range. The calculation process of LMC is analyzed in detail, and the transport process of radiation particles is simulated in two steps. In the first step, an integrated neutronics model considering the complex window environment and a neutron source model based on EAST plasma shape are used to support the calculation. The particle information on the equivalent surface is analyzed to evaluate the rationality of settings of equivalent surface source and boundary. Based on the characteristic that only a local geometric model is needed in the second step, it is shown that the LMC is an advantageous calculation method for the nuclear shielding design of tokamak diagnostic systems.     

Effects of fast ions produced by ICRF heating on the pressure at EAST

Ion cyclotron resonance heating(ICRH),which can produce fast ions,is an important auxiliary heating method at EAST.To analyze the effect of ICRH-induced fast ions on the plasma pressure at EAST,simulations are performed using TRANSP and TORIC codes.It is found that the ICRF-induced fast ion pressure cannot be negligible when the ICRF power is sufficiently high.The magnitude of the total ion pressure can be raised up to 60%of the total pressure as the input power rises above 3 MW.The pressure profile is also significantly modified when the resonant layer is changed.It is shown that by changing the wave frequency and antenna position,the total ion pressure profile can be broadened,which might provide an option for profile control at EAST.     

Automation of the modeling and some neutronic calculations of the Syrian miniature neutron source reactors

An automated software, BMAC, for modeling and performing the neutronics calculations of MNSRs and similar reactors (TRIGAs) has been developed. Calculation of initial excess reactivity, flux and power distributions, and all other neutronic parameters of the reactor, full core representation, can be made automatically using a 3-D model, by coupling WIMSD-4 and CITATION codes, in a very quick and simple way. No preliminary CITATION input file is needed. All required data are read from an external input file simply prepared. Accurate results for the parameters of the reactor, in the framework of Diffusion Theory, can be obtained.     

利用ITER基准模型对MCAM4.2进行检验(I)

利用ITER三维基准模型对蒙特卡罗方法粒子输运自动建模软件MCAM4.2进行了检验测试,实现了CAD工程模型的预处理,自动转换生成MCNP计算输入文件,并完成测试要求的中子壁负载和偏滤器中子注量率与核热沉积的计算。ITER模型的成功处理与计算表明MCAM能够正确和有效地处理大型复杂几何模型。     

聚变驱动次临界堆输运燃耗计算二维效应分析研究

使用多功能中子学程序系统VisualBUS对聚变驱动次临界堆进行二维输运燃耗计算,分别使用与一维计算模型相同的材料份额、相同的初装质量和相同的初始keff三种情况与一维计算结果进行比较.计算结果的比较和分析表明,在相同材料体积份额和相同初装质量情况下,二维计算的中子学参数与一维计算结果差别较大,而在相同初始keff条件下,两者结果较为接近,可以满足设计方案的中子学目标.     

用OECD/NEA堆芯瞬态基准题验证RELAP5-TDNK程序系统

利用经济发展与合作组织核能机构(OECD/NEA)压水堆堆芯弹棒瞬态基准题对RELAP5-TDNK进行了验证.使用RELAP5-TDNK建立了弹棒基准题模型,分析了两种弹棒问题,对程序的数据交换能力、耦合方法和瞬态事故分析能力进行了检验.与国际上多种程序进行比较,结果表明:RELAP5-TDNK程序模拟结果较好,能够分析事故或瞬态过程中堆芯内局部功率和热工参数的相互作用,具有分析强反馈现象的能力.     

轻水反应堆燃料组件中子通量和功率分布的计算程序

本文介绍用穿透几率法计算二维轻水堆燃料组件内中子通量分布的两种计算模型和程序.在子区内及表面上中子通量采用线性空间分布近似,子区表面上角通量分别采用准 DP_1和 QP_1近似。对一些轻水堆组件基准问题作了验证计算。计算结果与 S_N、节块 S_N 以及积分输运理论等方法进行比较,其结果符合良好。这些程序可用于轻水堆燃料组件的计算。