建筑底层室内自然采光面积配比优化仿真

以提升建筑底层室内自然采光面积配比为目的，提出建筑底层室内自然采光面积配比优化仿真方法。方法以某住宅底层一楼为仿真研究对象，依据室内自然光面积配比评价指标，并使用建筑性能分析辅助软件Ecotect生态建筑大师构建住宅仿真模型后，提出住宅底层一楼室内自然采光面积配比优化方法。仿真结果表明，对上述建筑增设连廊、变更窗台尺寸和窗台高度、更换玻璃以及变更室内软装均可有效提升其室内自然采光面积配比，使室内的采光系数得到较大的提升。且在阴天状况下可使室内不同位置处的自然光照度最小值均高于0.82,具备良好的应用效果。     

建筑铝合金产品CAD软件设计与开发

为提高建筑铝合金产品的设计效率,将面向对象程序设计方法与工程实际相结合,以AutoCAD为平台,采用VC+ +建立并使用ObjectARX应用程序,开发建筑铝合金产品CAD软件.在零部件与附件图库的支持下,采用参数化设计思想生成图形,产品物料信息在绘图过程中被存入图元,绘图完成后由程序遍历各个图元提取其属性值,为最终自动生成物料表(Bill of Material,BOM)提供数据.实例表明,在建筑铝合金产品设计全过程中,该软件的参数化绘图、物料信息自动提取等模块可以起到良好的辅助作用.     

门窗封条装配机器人工作站

铝合金门窗已经广泛用于各种建筑中，这里介绍怎 样使用工业机器人装配铝框和玻璃之间密封橡皮条的技术．其中三项关键技术在日本取得了 专利．     

装配式建筑铝合金模板技术应用再思考

随着我国城市化的快速发展,现阶段木竹胶合板、钢模板等传统建材,已不能满足绿色建筑和节能减排的要求,逐渐让位于可再生铝合金模板。铝合金模板是我国近年出现的一种新式模板,在装配式建筑中为建筑施工提供了绿色低碳、节能环保的优势,逐步得到了建筑行业的认可与广泛使用。装配式建筑在运用铝合金模板时也解决了建筑行业高能耗、高污染等问题。建筑施工团队在利用铝合金模板技术时有效实现了装配式建筑的施工质量与施工效率。铝合金模板是建筑行业新兴起的绿色施工模板,具有操作简单、混凝土浇筑成型效果好、施工效率高、建筑周期短、环保节能、重复利用率高等特点。采用铝模施工符合我国建筑业新技术的政策,符合低碳节能减排和绿色施工要求。目前,用以代替木模施工的铝模施工技术已广泛应用于各施工现场。基于此,本文就装配式建筑施工中铝合金模板的应用进行详细探究。本文以装配式建筑为主,对铝合金模板的应用进行探讨,并采取合理的方式应用于装配式建筑中。     

非接触相对位移传感器

为了提高建筑结构中的位移测量准确度,介绍了一种基于位置敏感元件的激光非接触位移传感器,对传感器的设计进行了分析。研制的传感器的主要技术参数为工作距离为0.4～7m,位移幅值5mm,测量分辨力1～7μm,准确度10μm,频率响应为0～100Hz。     

基于BIM和物联网的智慧建筑运维系统设计

针对传统建筑运维管理效果差的问题,提出基于BIM技术和物联网技术的智慧建筑运维系统。利用BIM技术对建筑物中的室内多维信息进行前端集成可视化开发,通过物联网实现室内建筑中各传感器和摄像头数据的传输,以监测室内建筑的多维信息;基于WiFi信号的室内定位算法和最大似然法获取人员位置信息,并求出室内人员位置坐标。实验结果表明,提出定位方法真实坐标与测量坐标的欧式距离范围为0.03 m～0.09 m,平均误差为0.056 m,误差相对较小,能够满足室内建筑内人员定位。通过Web可视化发现,采用本系统能够实现建筑环境、能耗、空间利用率、人员位置信息及人员舒适度的可视化,本系统丰富了传统运维管理模式,提高了运维管理效率。     

Pyrex 7740玻璃深刻蚀掩模研究

玻璃湿法深刻蚀掩模常采用低压化学气相沉积(LPCVD)多晶硅、Cr/Au金属层+光刻胶等,但往往会在玻璃中引入应力,影响后期应用(如阳极键合),而且Cr/Au金属层价格昂贵。为避免以上缺点,引入了SX AR—PC 5000/40保护胶+WBR2075干膜作为玻璃的刻蚀掩模,在HF︰NH4F,HF︰HCl,HF︰HCl︰NH4F刻蚀溶液中进行了大量实验。实验结果表明:SX AR—PC 5000/40抗腐蚀能力强,且成功实现了对Pyrex 7740玻璃131μm的深刻蚀。整个工艺过程与IC工艺兼容,可以进行圆片级批量加工。实验结果对圆片级封装和其他MEMS器件的制作有一定参考作用。     

三维集成封装中光敏玻璃通孔制备工艺研究

玻璃通孔转接板是一种典型的垂直传输结构，广泛应用于三维集成封装电路。根据射频信号对小直径、窄节距垂直通孔的使用需求，该文基于光敏玻璃衬底，采用紫外光曝光、热处理以及湿法刻蚀方法，获得了深宽比为 8∶1，最小直径为 25.68 μm 的玻璃通孔。通过研究曝光量对光敏玻璃通孔制备工艺的影响，得到曝光过程中光敏玻璃的改性机理。实验结果表明，随着曝光量增加，通孔孔径增大；光敏玻璃改性过程是由表及里、由正面至背面的逐渐改性过程。这为玻璃通孔转接板的制备提供关键工艺支撑。     

振动式微机械隧道陀螺仪的制备工艺

振动梁式微机械隧道陀螺仪是一种以悬臂梁作为换能构件,以电子隧道效应为输出敏感方式的高精度和高灵敏的角振动传感器,解决了传统机械陀螺仪因尺寸减小而导致的灵敏度降低的缺点。结合微机械隧道陀螺仪的尺寸特点:硅尖与下电极的距离为1μm,齿厚和齿间距之间的距离为4μm,梁的厚度为50μm,提出硅正面刻蚀—玻璃上电极制作—硅玻键合—硅背面减薄—硅背面刻蚀的DDSOG(DeepDrySiliconOnGlass)工艺方案,成功实现了整个器件的工艺制备。本文就DDSOG工艺中的关键工艺进行了一一论述,该工艺不仅能用于隧道陀螺仪的制备,同时也可以制作其它高深宽比传感器或执行器。     

基于四元十字阵的分布式声源定位实验研究

构建了基于测向交叉定位法的分布式声源定位实验系统。首先,利用四元十字阵节点通过到达时间差（TDOA）方法计算声源位置角度,然后,通过测向交叉定位法融合各节点角度,计算声源位置。通过该系统实验测试了测向交叉定位法在实际应用中的性能。该系统在声源距离阵元50m时定位误差为2．9m,声源距离阵元100m时,定位误差为5．8m。实验结果表明：测向交叉定位法在实际应用中能准确计算出声源位置,定位误差随麦克风与目标的距离增大而增大。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。