不同消毒剂对果汁管道中耐酸耐热菌杀灭效果的研究

对2种过氧乙酸与过氧化氢复合消毒剂A、B及季铵盐消毒剂对耐酸耐热菌的杀灭作用进行了研究。采用悬液定量杀菌试验方法在实验室进行比较观察,通过消毒剂与细菌直接接触,研究消毒剂在不同稀释浓度,作用相同时间对耐酸耐热菌的杀灭效果。结果表明3种消毒剂在质量浓度为0.1%,0.2%,0.25%对耐酸耐热菌作用10 min时,消毒剂A的消毒效果要略好于消毒剂B,季铵盐类最差;当质量浓度为0.25%时,2种过氧乙酸与过氧化氢复合消毒剂对耐酸耐热菌都达到完全杀灭。因此在对果汁管道进行消毒时,可选用本文所述的2种质量浓度为0.25%的过氧乙酸与过氧化氢复合消毒剂。     

0.2%苯扎溴铵溶液消毒效果验证

目的验证0.2%苯扎溴铵溶液的消毒效果。方法定量悬浮试验,用金黄色葡糖球菌、大肠埃希菌、白色念珠菌3次验证0.2%苯扎溴铵溶液的消毒效果。结果 3次试验,3种试验菌的杀菌率均大于99.9%。结论 0.2%苯扎溴铵溶液可以作为细菌和真菌的消毒剂使用。     

0.2%苯扎溴铵溶液消毒效果验证

目的 验证0.2%苯扎溴铵溶液的消毒效果.方法 定量悬浮试验,用金黄色葡糖球菌、大肠埃希菌、白色念珠菌3次验证0.2%苯扎溴铵溶液的消毒效果.结果 3次试验,3种试验菌的杀菌率均大于99.9%.结论 0.2%苯扎溴铵溶液可以作为细菌和真菌的消毒剂使用.     

含银藻酸盐敷料杀菌效果及安全性能研究

研究含银藻酸盐敷料的杀菌性能及相关安全性能。通过定量杀灭实验测定含银藻酸盐敷料的杀菌效果,依据《消毒技术规范》(2002版)测定其对皮肤的刺激性。结果表明:中和剂能有效中和含银藻酸盐敷料中杀菌成分;含银藻酸盐敷料对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎杆菌、粪肠球菌、化脓链球菌的杀菌率均大于90%,而对白色念珠菌的杀菌率为70%左右;含银藻酸盐敷料对完整皮肤无刺激性。含银藻酸盐敷料杀菌效果良好,对完整皮肤无刺激性。     

酸性氧化电位水对啤酒发酵罐的消毒效果

研究酸性氧化电位水(EOW)在啤酒业的消毒效果,进行了实验室和200L发酵罐的现场试验。实验室杀菌效果评估表明,E-OW的稳定性良好,以EOW百分含量、EOW处理菌液时间、菌液稀释倍数、有害菌种4因素3水平的正交试验分析得出EOW的百分含量是决定因素。以含EOW4.0%的稀释水进行刷罐试验,残水中无微生物检出、杀菌效果好。结果表明:EOW在短时间内对啤酒发酵罐中的微生物具有较强的杀灭效果,具备啤酒消毒剂的良好条件和应用价值。     

两种微生物洁净室消毒方法对比初探

为降低洁净室微生物污染风险,使受控环境维持在可接受的微生物污染水平,该文就紫外灯和臭氧在不同时间内的杀菌能力进行对比研究。结果显示,4种试验菌在经历紫外灯照射15min后即有90%以上的杀灭率,照射30min后,可被全部杀灭;而臭氧的杀菌效果较为一般,尤其是对枯草芽孢杆菌,最高只有约50%的杀灭率,其余3种试验菌效果稍好,白色念珠菌的最高杀灭率为73.1%,铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌最高达到90%以上。综上,在该实验条件下紫外灯对4种试验菌都取得了良好的杀灭效果,而臭氧的杀菌效果则相对一般,特别是对芽孢菌的杀灭能力较为有限。实际应用中,二者各有所长,可搭配使用互作补充,以达到更好的灭菌效果。     

纺织资讯

中国首款杀菌率100%的纳米抗菌内衣中国第一款对细菌和真菌的24min杀灭率达100%、经百次洗涤杀菌效果不变的纳米抗菌内衣近日在上海研制成功,并由鄂尔多斯率先推向市场。专家介绍说,该款高效纳米抗菌内衣采用羊绒、莫代尔和棉为材料,经东华大学的领先科技成果“无机/有机复合纳米抗菌整理技术”处理而制成。经中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所多次对照检测表明,该抗菌内衣对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌的24min杀菌率均为100%,具有极好的抑制和杀灭各类细菌、真菌的能力,且符合环保要求。除了显著的抗菌、除臭、防霉功效外,…     

脉冲强光对流动水中大肠杆菌的杀灭效果研究

利用管道脉冲强光杀菌系统对流动水中大肠杆菌进行连续杀灭研究。研究了能量、菌液浓度、pH值、浊度、色度对蒸馏水中对大肠杆菌的灭菌效果的影响,并在此基础上进行正交实验以得出最佳组合水平。单因素结果表明,脉冲强光杀菌效果随着脉冲光能量增大而增大,随着菌液浓度、浊度、色度的增大而逐渐减小;pH值在3.04～5.99范围内,具有较高杀菌效果。正交试验结果表明,影响脉冲强光杀菌效果的主次顺序为:色度>能量>浊度>菌液浓度>pH,最佳组合水平为能量2028mJ/m2、菌液浓度1.3×103cfu/mL、pH4.96浊度(透光率)100%、色度(A520nm)0,在该组合水平下杀菌率为99.84%,菌数下降3.11lg。本研究结果表明脉冲强光在饮用水消毒中有潜在应用价值。     

聚六亚甲基胍消毒效果及安全性能研究

目的:研究聚六亚甲基胍消毒效果及相关安全性能。方法:通过定量杀灭实验及空气消毒试验研究了聚六亚甲基胍的消毒效果,依据《消毒技术规范》(2002版)急性经口毒性实验性验证其安全性能。结果:悬液定量杀灭试验中,1%聚六亚甲基胍作用10min对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌、黑曲霉的杀灭率菌大于99.99%,杀灭对数值均大于5;空气消毒试验中,1%聚六亚甲基胍作用1h对白色葡萄球菌的杀灭率,3次试验菌大于99.99%;急性口服毒性试验中,1%聚六亚甲基胍LD50>5000mg/Kg体重,属实际无毒。结论:1%聚六亚甲基胍消毒效果良好,并且安全无毒性。     

冷电弧技术杀灭水中微生物的实验研究

采用冷电弧技术杀灭连续流动的液体中的细菌和酵母菌。实验中采用自制的冷电弧杀菌装置(外观尺寸为80cm×17cm×1.3cm,放电面积为414cm2)杀灭菌液中的大肠杆菌987P(E.coli987P)、金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)、枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis)和白色念珠菌(C.albicans),结果表明,在液体流量为100mL/min的条件下,电压为20kV时杀灭E.coli987P和电压为25kV时杀灭S.aureus所需的时间均少于4s;电压为30kV时杀灭B.subtilis和C.albicans所需的时间也分别不超过12s和19s,相应的能耗仅分别为0.64、1.31、8.0和12.67kwh/m3。研究了电压、循环次数和空气流量等实验参数对杀菌效果的影响,结果表明,杀菌效果随着电压和循环次数的增加、空气流量的减少变得越来越好。通过对比处理前后E.coli987P及B.subtilis的透射电镜图,初步推测杀菌机理。该技术有望成为一种新型的食品工业冷杀菌技术。     

2,4-二氯苄醇消毒性能研究

目的研究2,4-二氯苄醇的消毒性能。方法采用载体定量杀菌实验和文献调研相结合的方式,研究2,4-二氯苄醇有效杀菌浓度和安全性。结果 2,4-二氯苄醇浓度在0.2%~0.3%之间,对大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌、金黄色葡萄球菌作用1min,菌落杀灭对数值均3.00。经文献检索,大鼠经口LD50为3000 mg/kg,亚急性毒性结果为阴性;1%的2,4-二氯苄醇对皮肤无刺激。结论 2,4-二氯苄醇可用于皮肤消毒和卫生手消毒,具有良好的安全性。     

Control of Salmonella in food related environments by chemical disinfection

Salmonella may be transferred to food through cross-contamination during processing and preparation. To minimise the risk of cross-contamination, proper cleaning and disinfection is essential for the food industry. Recently, disinfection of areas for preparation and storage of food has also gained increased popularity in households. There is a range of disinfectants available with different properties and usage areas, and care must be taken to choose the proper disinfectant for the specific application.There are many methods for testing the antimicrobial effect of disinfectants. To evaluate whether a disinfectant will be effective in practical settings, the test method should model real-life situations. Most disinfectants are effective against Salmonella at recommended user concentration in suspension tests. However, a number of factors may reduce the biocidal effect of disinfectants under practical conditions. This include properties of the surface to be disinfected, presence of soiling on the surface, the physiological state of the bacteria exposed to disinfection, including bacteria embedded in biofilms, and the effects of other stresses (e.g. desiccation, starvation and temperature).Here we review the effects of disinfectants used in food related areas in industries and in households against Salmonella. A general overview is given for disinfectants in use and methods used to evaluate effects. Effects of disinfectants against Salmonella in suspension and on surfaces, including biofilms, are presented and compared. Novel control strategies such as use of electrolysed water, antimicrobial surfaces, and anti-biofilm compounds are also covered. Finally, we review the ability of Salmonella to gain reduced susceptibility to disinfectants through adaptation and other physiological responses like biofilm formation.     

Potentiation of the lethal effect of peroxygen on Bacillus cereus spores by alkali and enzyme wash

Bacillus cereus present in pipes and heat-exchangers represents a potential quality problem for dairy industry. The peroxygen-containing disinfectants investigated had only negligible sporicidal effect when applied at the recommended in-use temperature and concentration. However, cleaning agents used before disinfection potentiated their lethal activity. Pre-exposure of B. cereus spores to 1% sodium hydroxide at temperatures over 40 degrees C increased the sporicidal effect of the peroxygen-containing disinfectant. The effect was dependent on the alkali concentration and the temperature. Also, a significant potentiating activity of an enzyme-based cleaning agent was obtained, but the effect was smaller than for alkali treatment. The results indicated that disinfectants based on peroxygen can be used to eliminate B. cereus spores at non-corrosive temperatures and concentrations if the surfaces are cleaned with alkali or enzyme-based disinfectants prior to disinfection.     

合流制排水系统溢流污水消毒处理

采用粪大肠杆菌群数≤10000个/L作为污水消毒的卫生学指标,以合流制雨水泵站的雨污混合水为原水,采用氧化性消毒处理法进行消毒实验.结果表明,达到合流制排水系统污水溢流紧急消毒要求的几种氧化性消毒剂最佳投加量(均以有效氯计)为:次氯酸钠30 mgCl/L,次氯酸钙25 mgCl/L,二氧化氯20 mgCl/L.相同条件下各氧化性消毒剂的优先次序为:二氧化氯>次氯酸钙>次氯酸钠>双氧水.     

食用菌发酵液体外对白色念珠菌生长和生物被膜形成影响

该文研究食用菌液体发酵液体外对白色念珠菌（Candida albicans）生长及生物被膜形成的影响。采用纸片扩散法测定食用菌液体发酵液中白色念珠菌的抑菌活性;甲基四氮盐（XTT）减低法测定其对白色念珠菌生物被膜形成的影响。结果表明,各种食用菌发酵液对白色念珠菌均有不同程度的抑制作用,其中对发酵液抑菌作用从强到弱依次为香菇发酵液、鸡腿菇发酵液,抑菌圈直径分别为（2.967±0.160） mm、（2.433±0.214） mm。对白色念珠菌生物被膜形成的抑制作用强弱依次为鸡腿菇发酵液和香菇发酵液,其相对抑菌率分别为（39.25±1.87）%、（28.72±2.59）%。鸡腿菇和香菇均对白色念珠菌在培养12 h时形成的生物被膜的抑制作用最强,相对抑菌率分别达到（46.37±3.14）%和（42.86±3.38）%。香菇及鸡腿菇发酵液对白色念珠菌生长及其生物被膜的形成有一定的抑制作用,有进一步的开发价值。     

Efficacy testing of teat dip solutions used as disinfectants for the dairy industry: Antimicrobial properties

The production of raw milk containing a limited number of bacterial contaminants, which retains its quality during storage, is the major task of the dairy industry. This can only be achieved with adequate regular cleaning and disinfection of the udder, milking equipment, the dairy parlour and animal housing areas. Studies were conducted to assess the efficacy of a range of dairy disinfectants on bacterial species isolated from cow udders as well as reference microbial strains (ATCC). Testing included the assessment of bacterial growth inhibition, biofilm inhibition or bacterial susceptibility to disinfection treatment. Findings show that Lir Analytical chemical disinfectants proved highly successful at inactivating a range of Gram‐positive (Bacillus, Enterococcus, Aeromonas) and Gram‐negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas, Micrococcus) organisms, with up to 99.9% inactivation achieved. Additionally, test chemicals provided significant levels (P < 0.05) of biofilm inhibition for a number of test species. Furthermore, it was found that bacterial isolates from cow udders proved more sensitive to the test chemicals than their reference counterparts.     

Effect of temperature and sanitizers on the survival of feline calicivirus, Escherichia coli, and F-specific coliphage MS2 on leafy salad vegetables

We conducted a series of experiments to compare the survival of Escherichia coli, feline calicivirus, and F-specific coliphage MS2 on lettuce and cabbage with and without disinfection. Inoculated produce was held at 4, 25, or 37 degrees C for 21 days or was treated with different concentrations of sodium bicarbonate, chlorine bleach, peroxyacetic acid, or hydrogen peroxide. Survival was measured by the decimal reduction value (time to 90% reduction in titer) and the change in log titers of the test organisms. A stronger correlation of survival measures was observed between feline calicivirus and MS2 than between E. coli and either of the viral agents at 25 and 37 degrees C. The maximum time to detection limit for MS2 at all temperatures was 9 days, whereas feline calicivirus was detected for a maximum of 14 days at 4 degrees C. In contrast, E. coli was detectable for 21 days at 4 and 25 degrees C and for 14 days at 37 degrees C. Significant increases in E. coli titer occurred within the first 5 days, but virus titers decreased steadily throughout the experiments. E. coli was also highly susceptible to all disinfectants except 1% sodium bicarbonate and 50 ppm chlorine bleach, whereas the viruses were resistant to all four disinfectants.     

3种常用消毒剂对沙门氏菌抑菌效果的研究

目的探讨3种常用消毒剂对沙门氏菌的抑菌效果,明确沙门氏菌对这3种消毒剂耐受效果,为消毒剂的科学使用提供参考。方法按照国家标准GB 4789.4-2010分离沙门氏菌和确定血清分型,用VITEK 2COMPACT鉴定菌株,选用抑菌环检测洗必泰、新洁尔灭、84消毒液3大类消毒剂对沙门氏菌的抑菌效果,确定最优消毒浓度。结果 10株沙门氏菌共获得3种血清型,其中肠炎沙门氏菌6株,鼠伤寒沙门氏菌3株,舒卜拉沙门氏菌1株;常规浓度的新洁尔灭对沙门氏菌具有完全的抑制作用,有效氯含量为0.4%的84消毒液对沙门氏菌具有完全抑制作用,而洗必泰需达0.4%浓度或以上才表现出对沙门氏菌完全抑制。结论不同的消毒场所应科学选择不同消毒剂浓度及消毒剂种类。     

游泳池池水消毒药剂的探讨

综评了消毒游泳池池水的各种消毒剂,结合我国国情和实际工作提出消毒效果好,经济、简单易行的液氯消毒法。