旋转磁矢量场发生器研究

为了在实验室环境下对飞行器滚转角测量装置进行调试,研究了一种旋转磁矢量场模拟试验装置;采用ANSYS软件对磁屏蔽筒的屏蔽效应及亥姆霍兹线圈的磁场分布进行了数值模拟,并采用TMS320F2809-100型DSP芯片和TIDSPBIOS实时操作系统实现矢量信号的发生;结果表明:磁屏蔽筒能有效屏蔽外界磁场,产生近似的零磁空间;亥姆霍兹线圈中心区域磁感强度为变化缓慢的均匀区,可作为被测装置的工作区;测量数据与模拟器输出信号的理论值的差值小于6%,DSP的CPU运算能力裕度大于50%;用磁屏蔽筒、亥姆霍兹线圈、矢量信号发生器可以构成用于飞行器滚转角测量的模拟实验装置。     

一种用于生物效应研究的电磁场发生装置

本文介绍了一种磁场参数可调的磁场发生器,它由振荡器、二阶系统、计数器、译码器、功率电路、亥姆霍兹线圈等组成。该装置主要用于生物效应研究,文中阐述了如何通过调节二阶系统的参数来调节亥姆霍兹线圈产生磁场强度和频率,其工作频率1～325kHz、场强≤200Gs,理论计算值与实际偏差在15%之内。     

新型磁场测量仪设计

针对传统磁场测量方法存在回程差、读数繁琐、很难准确定位等问题,设计了一种新型磁场测量仪。该测量仪以上位机为核心控制单元,结合采集卡、单片机、步进电机驱动器、步进电机、丝杠导轨、三轴磁场传感器、稳压电源等,实现磁感应强度数据的自动采集和存储。测量了载流圆线圈和亥姆霍兹线圈磁场分布,利用Origin软件绘制了线圈轴线方向和垂直于轴线方向的磁感应强度分布图,利用Matalab软件绘制了圆线圈和亥姆霍兹线圈在过轴线的平面上各点的磁感应强度矢量分布图。试验结果表明:该测量仪可以准确测量磁场的三个分量,准确给出磁场的矢量分布图,不仅消除了回程差,而且具有测量速度快、精度高、形象等优点。该测量仪可广泛应用于军事、资源勘探、生命医学、科学研究等领域。     

磁阻型弱磁传感器特性自动测试系统

随着磁阻型弱磁传感器的深入研究和广泛应用,方便、快速的测量传感器低频噪声、灵敏度、非线性等特性已成为研究其低频弱磁场测量能力的基础。设计开发了一套弱磁传感器特性自动测试系统,其自身的噪声平方根谱密度小于槡5 nV/Hz(在10kHz)。它包括亥姆霍兹线圈、惠斯登电桥和低噪声放大器、磁屏蔽桶、高精度数据采集卡和PC等硬件模块,采用互相关功率谱分析方法得到传感器低频噪声,通过传感器输入输出特性曲线得到其灵敏度和非线性等参数。利用该系统对商业化巨磁阻传感器AA002进行了测试,得到其在6 V供电时噪声平方根普密度约为槡10 nV/Hz(在10 kHz),线性范围内的灵敏度为3.35 mV/(G.V-1)。结果表明该系统为研究和分析磁阻型弱磁传感器的特性提供了一种有效的检测手段。     

基于DDS技术的胶囊微机器人外旋转磁场驱动方法

针对微机器人有缆驱动的缺点,介绍了一种以外旋转磁场驱动内嵌永磁体的胶囊微机器人游动的无缆驱动方法。阐述了胶囊微机器人的驱动原理与旋转磁场的产生方法,并结合直接数字频率合成（DDS）技术,开发了以单片机AT89S52和DDS芯片AD9854为核心的旋转磁场驱动信号源。对系统进行软硬件设计和调试,产生的两路正余弦信号可驱动两组亥姆霍兹线圈产生旋转磁场。     

曲率驱动的基于亥姆霍兹涡量方程的图像修复模型

图像修复模型根据已知区域信息自动修复目标区域,且保证修复后的图像满足人眼视觉系统的要求,目标区域轮廓自然.理论分析证明,流体力学中无粘亥姆霍兹涡量方程可以实现图像修复.根据曲线和曲面运动方程,使用曲率驱动亥姆霍兹修复模型中的等照度线传输方向.曲率是图像几何特征作用的结果,所以新模型可以很好地保持图像中的线性特征.图像中涡量为平滑程度的度量,二维图像域中涡量具有扩散性,对涡量方程的结果做各向异性扩散,使等照度线间的图像信息交互.亥姆霍兹涡量方程修复模型中的各个参数及扩散过程是涡量扩散性和耗散性以及图像几何特征作用的结果,扩散后的修复模型稳定且不存在错误的传输方向.理论和实验证明了曲率驱动的亥姆霍兹涡量方程模型在图像修复中的有效性.     

基于平面线圈的油液磨粒监测传感器设计

为了提高油液管道直径增加后感应区磁场均匀性,减小测量误差,根据电磁感应原理,设计了一种新型的在线油液 磨粒监测传感器。传感器使用一组安匝比为15/7/15的平面线圈在直径1ｍｍ的油管中产生均匀磁场以提高传感器探测金属磨粒的性能,使用COMSOL建立线圈模型并仿真,传感器线圈产生的磁场在感应区60％范围变化率小于1％,相同磨粒在油管径向不同位置的电感变化误差平均值为5％,根据仿真设计制作线圈实物,传感器能测量和分辨粒度100μｍ 铁磨粒和100μｍ 铜磨粒,同一磨粒位于管道轴线和管壁的电感变化误差不超过6.25％。仿真研究和实验结果证明新模型在管道径向产生的磁场更加均匀,可以有效减小粒子在管道径向运动带来的误差。     

磨粒径向分布对电感式磨粒传感器测试结果的影响

根据电感平衡原理,设计了用于磨粒在线测量的电感式磨粒传感器.分析了传感器的测试原理和磨粒通过传感器线圈时径向分布对测试结果的影响.通过计算线圈内测试面的磁场分布,提出了提高线圈测试面磁场均匀性的设计准则.建立了磨粒位置偏离线圈中心时,磨粒磁化场的磁通求解模型.模型计算结果表明,磨粒径向位置的改变,使得线圈各横截面上磁化场的磁通发生了变化.当线圈达到一定长度后,磁化场的磁链变化很小.因此在保证传感器线圈测试面磁场均匀性和线圈长度的前提下,磨粒径向分布对测试结果的影响可忽略.研究结论为分析电感式磨粒传感器测试结果一致性和优化传感器的结构设计提供了理论依据.     

无缆微型游动机器人驱动磁场系统的研究

提出了一种基于组合线圈结构的磁场系统驱动实验方案,以实现基于磁致伸缩薄膜驱动器的泳动微型机器人的磁控驱动与游动实验参数的检测．首先介绍了该组合线圈的功率优化与设计方法,然后分析了保证一定区域内磁场均匀性的技术方案,最后用ANSYS软件对所设计的组合线圈进行了仿真和验证．实验结果表明该组合结构磁场系统的性能可以满足无缆微型机器人的磁控驱动的设计要求．     

磁阻传感器在转速测量中的应用

介绍了一种以磁阻传感器为磁敏元件,以单片机为控制核心的高精度转速测量方法。论述了测量系统工作原理、各硬件部分功能。传感器探头由激励线圈和磁阻传感器构成,输入的电流在激励线圈周围产生交变磁场,当齿轮转动时,激励线圈的磁场发生变化,位于线圈中央的磁阻传感器将其转变成电信号,在单片机的控制下进行放大处理和显示。该转速传感器具有准确度高、测量范围宽、安装调试方便等优点。     

Enhanced locomotive and drilling microrobot using precessional and gradient magnetic field

We propose a new electromagnetic actuation (EMA) system for an intravascular microrobot with steering, locomotion and drilling functions. The EMA system consists of 3 pairs of Helmholtz coil and 1 pair of Maxwell coil. Generally, Helmholtz coils can align a microrobot in a desired direction by generating a uniform magnetic flux. If the uniform magnetic field generated by Helmholtz coils can be rotated, a microrobot with Helmholtz coils can also be rotated. On the other hand, a Maxwell coil, which generates a constant gradient magnetic flux, can supply the propulsion force for the microrobot. A microrobot actuated by the proposed EMA system has a spiral shaped body containing two magnets with different magnetization directions. With the proposed EMA system, the microrobot can move to the target region and perform drilling there by the precessional magnetic field of the Helmholtz coil pairs. The propulsion force for the microrobot is produced by the gradient magnetic field generated by the Maxwell coil pair. The moving velocity and the drilling performance of the microrobot can be increased by the propulsion force of the Maxwell coil pair. Through various tests, the feasibility and enhancement of the microrobot actuated by the proposed EMA system were verified.     

Novel electromagnetic actuation (EMA) method for 3-dimensional locomotion of intravascular microrobot

A new electromagnetic actuation (EMA) method is proposed for 3-dimensional locomotion of a microrobot. Generally, the EMA system uses Helmholtz coils and Maxwell coils. The Helmholtz coil pair generates a uniform magnetic flux density and the Maxwell coil pair generates a uniform gradient magnetic flux. The microrobot can be aligned to the desired direction by the Helmholtz coils and then, be propelled in the aligned direction by the Maxwell coils. However, many previous EMA systems have been restricted to 2-dimensional planar actuation. The EMA system proposed in this paper consists of a pair of stationary Helmholtz–Maxwell coils and a pair of rotational Helmholtz–Maxwell coils. This new EMA system can manipulate a microrobot in 3-dimensional space. For accurate actuation of a microrobot, the gravitational force, which influences the motion of microrobot, has to be analyzed and compensated. Through various experiments, the performance of the proposed EMA system was evaluated. Finally, a microrobot was test-driven in a blood vessel phantom, and the result of the test drive verified the feasibility of 3-dimensional motion of a microrobot by the new EMA system.     

便携式智能金属探测仪的研制

介绍了用于交通部门对旅客安全检查的金属探测仪设计.传感器探头由激励线圈和磁敏元件组成,输入的方波脉冲使激励线圈周围产生交变磁场,当靠近金属物时,金属内产生的涡流磁场使原激励线圈的磁场变化,位于激励线圈中央的磁敏元件将其转换为电信号,在单片机控制下进行放大处理.实测结果表明:该探测仪能检测到50cm以内的各类小块状金属物,且具有实时检测、记录、显示、存储、查询等功能,断电后能长期保存检测的记录数据.     

Oscillatory motion-based miniature magnetic walking robot actuated by a rotating magnetic field

Magnetic micro-robots have been proposed for use in biomedical applications. These studies focus on locomotion control using a gradient, alternating, and rotating magnetic fields at the sub-micro scale. However, this study focuses on a basic mechanism of active locomotion for diagnostic robots. Furthermore, the digestive intestine in the human body has a complex path in which locomotion methods can become either swimming or walking according to the inner condition. Therefore, we propose a new simple mechanism for amphibious locomotion within a rotating magnetic field using the three-axis Helmholtz coil system. The proposed magnetic robot consists of NdFeB permanent spherical magnets, flexible silicone tubes, and legs. Successive changes of actuation of yaw and roll motions cause alternating and walking motions. Direction of movement is decided by rotating the direction of the magnetic field (clockwise or counter-clockwise). In addition, turning directions are decided by the plane of the rotating magnetic field. A magnetic torque between the rotating magnetic field and the magnetic moments produce a constant walking pattern similar to a trotting gait. In addition, an oscillatory motion of the flexible robot body can generate a thrust force in the liquid. Finally, through the various experiments, we evaluate the capability of the locomotion.     

基于粒子群优化算法的线圈系统设计

采用磁变模拟法,模拟舰艇在海洋上航行进行旋转和摇摆,在地磁场的作用下产生的涡流磁场,来实现对舰艇涡流磁场的测量.为了更精确地模拟地球磁场,首先需要创造一个均匀度相对较高的磁场空间.基于此目标,采用粒子群优化算法,以线圈系统的均匀度为目标函数,通过迭代的方式,对线圈系统的位置参数和匝数参数进行优化计算找到最优解.依据最优解,结合实验场地的特点和实际线圈系统的搭建情况,对线圈系统产生的磁场的均匀度进行了模拟仿真,建立了一个在中心区域均匀度高于95％ 的相对均匀的磁场空间.     

新型线圈发射器的电磁场仿真分析

电磁发射拥有许多化学发射不可比拟的优点,近年来受到各国的广泛关注。传统发射器需在线圈内部加装位置传感器,这使得线圈磁场分布不均且结构复杂。该文基于电磁感应原理,设计出了新型线圈发射器模型,该模型利用线圈外部的传感器来控制电路放电时间,克服了传统结构的缺陷。借助SIMPLORER和Maxwell仿真软件对发射器的主体电路和线圈磁场进行分析,得到了磁场中弹丸的静态和动态特性曲线。仿真结果验证了该新型发射器的作用机理,并得到了四级发射器模型的结构参数。该新型发射器可把30g弹丸加速到12.00m/s。结果表明该新型发射器结构简单、线圈内部磁场分布均匀,大大提高了模型的发射效率和系统的稳定性。     

Design and simulation of an electromagnetic balance head for electric spindle

The electromagnetic balance head is used for balancing the electric spindle. This paper analyzes the internal structure of the electromagnetic balance head and introduces the structure of the counterweight plate and the range of the balance in the moving ring.The principle of how the electromagnetic field generated by the static coil acts on the moving ring is also investigated. The model is built in Ansoft Maxwell and the excitation parameters and boundary conditions are set up. Through the analysis of the magnetic field generated by the static coil in the position of the moving ring, it is verified that the static loop coil can drive the counterweight plate.     

An improved partially overlapped transmitting array for enhancement of wireless power transmission efficiency

In the conventional transmitting coil array for wireless power transmission (WPT), magnetic fields generated through the gaps between coil elements often reduce the overall magnetic fluxes and therefore the power transfer efficiency due to their directions. To overcome the problem, an overlapping of coil elements is applied to develop a WPT coil array system. In this article, the printed spiral coil is used as the resonance unit with low profile, miniaturization, easy to manufacture, and high integration. The overlapping 2 × 2 coil array is able to generate an enhanced magnetic field without dead points. In comparisons with the conventional system, the presented transmitting system provides a larger and more uniform magnetic field distribution with higher wireless power transmission efficiency. Both the simulation and measured efficiency are 70%‐78% at nine different observation points. Both simulation and measurement results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency as well as feasibility of the proposed system.